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Lista Słówek Poziomu B2 - Grammar

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących gramatyki, takich jak "liczba mnoga", "przyimek", "przedrostek" itp., przygotowanych dla uczących się na poziomie B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
abbreviation
abbreviation
[Rzeczownik]

the shortened form of a word, etc.

skrót, abrewiatura

skrót, abrewiatura

Ex: The abbreviation 'CEO' stands for Chief Executive Officer. 
article
article
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) any type of determiner that shows whether we are referring to a particular thing or a general example of something

przedimek

przedimek

Ex: The teacher explained that 'the' is a definite article used to refer to specific items. 
auxiliary verb
auxiliary verb
[Rzeczownik]

a verb that is used with other verbs to indicate tense, voice, etc., such as do, have, and be

czasownik posiłkowy

czasownik posiłkowy

Ex: The teacher explained that auxiliary verbs like 'have' and 'will' help to form different tenses and aspects. 
conjunction
conjunction
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) a word such as and, because, but, and or that connects phrases, sentences, or words

spójnik, słowo łączące

spójnik, słowo łączące

Ex: In compound sentences, conjunctions are essential for linking ideas and creating coherence. 
preposition
preposition
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) a word that comes before a noun or pronoun to indicate location, direction, time, manner, or the relationship between two objects

przyimek, słowo relacyjne

przyimek, słowo relacyjne

Ex: He used a list of common prepositions to help correct his grammar mistakes in the essay. 
proper noun
proper noun
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) the name of a place, person, country, etc. with its first letter capitalized

nazwa własna, rzeczownik własny

nazwa własna, rzeczownik własny

Ex: Paris is a proper noun because it names a specific city. 
pronoun
pronoun
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) a word that can replace a noun or noun phrase, such as she, it, they, etc.

zaimek, słowo

zaimek, słowo

Ex: Using the correct pronoun is important for clarity in writing and speaking. 
prefix
prefix
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

przedrostek

przedrostek

Ex: Understanding common prefixes, such as 'pre-' and 'dis-,' can help students decode unfamiliar words. 
suffix
suffix
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

przyrostek, końcówka

przyrostek, końcówka

Ex: Adding the suffix '-ly' to 'quick' changes the word to 'quickly,' turning it into an adverb. 
active
active
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing a verb whose subject is the one that does the action

czynny, aktywny

czynny, aktywny

Ex: She explained that active voice is often preferred in writing because it makes sentences clearer and more direct. 
passive
passive
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing a verb whose subject is affected by the action of the verb

bierny

bierny

Ex: In the passive voice, the object of an action becomes the subject of the sentence. 
comparative
comparative
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing adverbs or adjectives that indicate a difference in degree, quality, size, etc.

porównawczy, komparatywny

porównawczy, komparatywny

Ex: To form a comparative adjective, you often add '-er' to the end of the base adjective or use 'more' before it. 
superlative
superlative
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing the highest amount or degree of an adjective or adverb

superlatyw, stopień najwyższy

superlatyw, stopień najwyższy

Ex: Superlative forms are used to describe the highest degree of a quality, such as 'tallest' or 'fastest.' 
plural
plural
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing words that are indicating the presence of more than one person or thing

liczba mnoga, liczby mnogie

liczba mnoga, liczby mnogie

Ex: In English, when you add an "s" to most nouns, it turns them into their plural form. 
singular
singular
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing words that are indicating the presence of only one person or thing

liczba pojedyncza

liczba pojedyncza

Ex: The word "apple" is in the singular form, referring to just one piece of fruit. 
grammatical
grammatical
[przymiotnik]

following the standard rules of the grammar properly

gramatyczny, zgodny ze standardowymi zasadami gramatyki

gramatyczny, zgodny ze standardowymi zasadami gramatyki

Ex: He made several grammatical errors in his essay, which affected the overall clarity of his arguments. 
irregular
irregular
[przymiotnik]

(of verbs, nouns, or adjectives) not following standard patterns or rules

nieregularny

nieregularny

Ex: Irregular adjectives in English, such as 'good' and 'better,' require memorization rather than following a simple rule. 
modal
modal
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) a verb that is used with the main verb of a sentence to indicate possibility, intention, etc., such as can, might, should, etc.

czasownik modalny, modal

czasownik modalny, modal

Ex: The teacher explained that modals are auxiliary verbs that help convey different shades of meaning. 
conditional
conditional
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing a sentence, clause, etc. that will only be true or happen if something else is true or happens

warunkowy

warunkowy

Ex: She practiced writing conditional sentences to improve her understanding of cause and effect. 
perfect
perfect
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) indicating a completed action or state

doskonały, zakończony

doskonały, zakończony

Ex: She struggled with using the perfect tense correctly until she practiced more. 
past participle
past participle
[Rzeczownik]

a form of a verb that "ed", etc. is added to the end of it which is used to form passive or present tenses or adjectives

imiesłów przymiotnikowy bierny, imiesłów przymiotnikowy bierny czasownika

imiesłów przymiotnikowy bierny, imiesłów przymiotnikowy bierny czasownika

Ex: She was confused about the past participle of the verb 'to go' and asked her teacher for clarification. 
continuous
continuous
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing a verb that indicates an action in progress

ciągły

ciągły

Ex: The continuous tense helps clarify that an action is in progress, such as in 'I am reading a book. 
progressive
progressive
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing a form of a verb that indicates an action is continuing

progresywny

progresywny

Ex: The teacher explained that the progressive tense is used to describe actions that are ongoing. 
collocation
collocation
[Rzeczownik]

a particular combination of words that are used together very often

kolokacja, kombinacja słów

kolokacja, kombinacja słów

Ex: In language learning, understanding collocations helps in using words in their most natural and common combinations. 
possessive
possessive
[przymiotnik]

(grammar) describing nouns and pronouns that indicate ownership

dzierżawczy

dzierżawczy

Ex: He made a mistake by adding an extra possessive apostrophe to the plural noun. 
pronunciation
pronunciation
[Rzeczownik]

the way a word is pronounced

wymowa, artykulacja

wymowa, artykulacja

Ex: Her pronunciation of French words is flawless. 
consonant
consonant
[Rzeczownik]

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced by interfering with or stopping the flow of air through the mouth or nose

spółgłoska, dźwięk spółgłoskowy

spółgłoska, dźwięk spółgłoskowy

Ex: The teacher explained that consonants are speech sounds made by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. 
vowel
vowel
[Rzeczownik]

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced without interfering with the flow of air coming through the mouth or nose

samogłoska, dźwięk samogłoskowy

samogłoska, dźwięk samogłoskowy

Ex: He practiced pronouncing each vowel clearly to improve his accent. 
stress
stress
[Rzeczownik]

(phonetics) an added force when pronouncing a syllable or word

akcent, nacisk

akcent, nacisk

Ex: In English, stress is important because it can change the meaning of a word, such as 'record' as a noun versus 'record' as a verb. 
tag question
tag question
[Rzeczownik]

(grammar) a short question added to the end of a statement that is formed form the same statement

pytanie tagowe, pytanie potwierdzające

pytanie tagowe, pytanie potwierdzające

Ex: She added a tag question to her statement to check if everyone agreed with her opinion. 
punctuation
punctuation
[Rzeczownik]

the use of marks such as a period, comma, etc. in writing to divide sentences and phrases to better convey meaning

interpunkcja

interpunkcja

Ex: She reviewed her essay carefully to ensure that all punctuation was used correctly. 
exclamation point
exclamation point
[Rzeczownik]

the mark ! used after a sentence to indicate excitement, surprise, etc.

wykrzyknik, znak wykrzyknika

wykrzyknik, znak wykrzyknika

Ex: In his email, he used an exclamation point to convey urgency. 
question mark
question mark
[Rzeczownik]

the mark ? used at the end of a sentence to show that it is a question

znak zapytania

znak zapytania

Ex: She added a question mark at the end of her email to clarify that she was seeking an answer. 
comma
comma
[Rzeczownik]

the mark , used to separate items in a list or indicate a pause in a sentence

przecinek, znak interpunkcyjny

przecinek, znak interpunkcyjny

Ex: Remember to place a comma after each item in a list to ensure clarity. 
to spell
to spell
[Czasownik]

to be the letters being put together in the correct order form a particular word

literować, pisać poprawnie

literować, pisać poprawnie

Ex: The letters "c-a-t" spell the word "cat." 
double negative
double negative
[Rzeczownik]

a grammatical construction in which two negative elements are used within the same sentence, often resulting in a positive meaning

podwójna negacja, negacja podwójna

podwójna negacja, negacja podwójna

Ex: In standard grammar, a double negative can create confusion, as it often results in a positive meaning. 
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