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Nauka Medyczna - Test Genetyczny i Prenatalny

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów związanych z testami genetycznymi i prenatalnymi, takich jak "kariotyp", "kordocenteza" i "chromosom".

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Words Related to Medical Science
breast cancer gene test

a genetic test that identifies mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers

test genetyczny na raka piersi, test genów BRCA1 i BRCA2

test genetyczny na raka piersi, test genów BRCA1 i BRCA2

Breast cancer gene 1

a gene associated with increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers due to mutations, making it important in cancer genetics and testing

gen raka piersi 1, gen BRCA1

gen raka piersi 1, gen BRCA1

Breast cancer gene 2

a gene linked to increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers due to mutations, important in cancer genetics and testing

gen raka piersi 2, gen BRCA2

gen raka piersi 2, gen BRCA2

carrier screening
carrier screening
[Rzeczownik]

genetic testing to identify individuals who carry gene mutations for certain conditions, informing reproductive decision-making

badanie nosicielstwa, genetyczne badanie nosicielstwa

badanie nosicielstwa, genetyczne badanie nosicielstwa

karyotype test
karyotype test
[Rzeczownik]

a laboratory test that examines an individual's chromosomes to detect genetic abnormalities such as chromosomal disorders and syndromes

test kariotypu, analiza chromosomów

test kariotypu, analiza chromosomów

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase

a gene associated with increased risk of health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, neural tube defects, and psychiatric disorders due to specific mutations

reduktaza metylenotetrahydrofolianu, enzym reduktazy metylenotetrahydrofolianu

reduktaza metylenotetrahydrofolianu, enzym reduktazy metylenotetrahydrofolianu

gene
gene
[Rzeczownik]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

gen, jednostka genetyczna

gen, jednostka genetyczna

Ex: The gene responsible for eye color is inherited from both parents. 
DNA
DNA
[Rzeczownik]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, kwas deoksyrybonukleinowy

DNA, kwas deoksyrybonukleinowy

Ex: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, contains the genetic instructions for living organisms. 
chromosome
chromosome
[Rzeczownik]

a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information

chromosom, element chromosomowy

chromosom, element chromosomowy

chromosomal mutation

a genetic change that can affect chromosome structure or number, leading to variations in gene expression and potential genetic disorders

mutacja chromosomowa, zmiana chromosomowa

mutacja chromosomowa, zmiana chromosomowa

Ex: Learning about my daughter's chromosomal mutation required genetic testing and counseling. 
MTHFR gene test
MTHFR gene test
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic test that identifies mutations in the MTHFR gene to assess an individual's risk for health conditions

test genetyczny MTHFR, analiza genu MTHFR

test genetyczny MTHFR, analiza genu MTHFR

pharmacogenetic test

a type of genetic testing that analyzes an individual's genetic makeup to assess how their genes may impact their response to certain medications

test farmakogenetyczny, analiza farmakogenetyczna

test farmakogenetyczny, analiza farmakogenetyczna

PTEN gene
PTEN gene
[Rzeczownik]

a tumor suppressor gene associated with increased cancer risk due to mutations, important in cancer genetics and testing

gen PTEN, gen supresor nowotworów PTEN

gen PTEN, gen supresor nowotworów PTEN

PTEN genetic test
PTEN genetic test
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic test identifies mutations in the PTEN gene to assess an individual's risk for associated conditions such as cancers and other health conditions

test genetyczny PTEN, analiza genetyczna genu PTEN

test genetyczny PTEN, analiza genetyczna genu PTEN

tumor protein P53 gene

a tumor suppressor gene associated with increased cancer risk due to mutations, important in cancer genetics and testing

gen białka P53 supresora nowotworów, gen supresorowy nowotworów P53

gen białka P53 supresora nowotworów, gen supresorowy nowotworów P53

tumor protein P53 genetic test

a genetic test that identifies mutations in the TP53 gene to assess an individual's risk for associated conditions such as cancers and other health conditions

genetyczny test białka nowotworowego P53, analiza mutacji genu TP53

genetyczny test białka nowotworowego P53, analiza mutacji genu TP53

protein molecule
protein molecule
[Rzeczownik]

a complex biological structure essential for cellular functions in living organisms, made up of amino acid chains

cząsteczka białka, białko

cząsteczka białka, białko

Ex: Hemoglobin, a protein molecule, carries oxygen in our blood. 
karyotype
karyotype
[Rzeczownik]

a visual display of an individual's chromosomes, used for genetic analysis and identifying abnormalities

kariotyp, profil chromosomowy

kariotyp, profil chromosomowy

Ex: Genetic counselors use karyotypes to explain potential risks to parents. 
preimplantation genetic testing

genetic testing on embryos during IVF to screen for genetic conditions or abnormalities prior to implantation

przedimplantacyjne badanie genetyczne, diagnostyka genetyczna przed implantacją

przedimplantacyjne badanie genetyczne, diagnostyka genetyczna przed implantacją

amniocentesis
amniocentesis
[Rzeczownik]

a test to check the baby's health by taking a small amount of fluid from around the baby before birth

amniopunkcja, badanie płynu owodniowego

amniopunkcja, badanie płynu owodniowego

Ex: Doctors recommend amniocentesis to check for genetic conditions in pregnancy. 
chorionic villus sampling

a test done during pregnancy that involves taking a small sample of tissue from the developing pregnancy to check for genetic issues in the baby

biopsja kosmówki, pobieranie próbek kosmków kosmówki

biopsja kosmówki, pobieranie próbek kosmków kosmówki

Ex: Chorionic villus sampling is a test done during pregnancy to check the baby's genes. 
fetal echocardiography

a specialized ultrasound examination that assesses the heart of a developing fetus in utero for any potential structural or functional abnormalities

echokardiografia płodu, specjalistyczne badanie ultrasonograficzne serca płodu

echokardiografia płodu, specjalistyczne badanie ultrasonograficzne serca płodu

obstetrical ultrasound

a medical imaging technique used to visualize the developing fetus, assess fetal growth, identify abnormalities, and evaluate maternal reproductive organs during pregnancy

ultrasonografia położnicza, badanie USG w położnictwie

ultrasonografia położnicza, badanie USG w położnictwie

quadruple screening

a prenatal blood test that assesses the risk of chromosomal disorders in the fetus by measuring four markers in the mother's blood

poczwórne badanie przesiewowe, poczwórny test

poczwórne badanie przesiewowe, poczwórny test

Cell-Free DNA Screening

a non-invasive prenatal test that analyzes fetal DNA in the mother's blood to screen for chromosomal abnormalities with high accuracy

Badanie wolnego DNA, Nieinwazyjne prenatalne badanie DNA płodu

Badanie wolnego DNA, Nieinwazyjne prenatalne badanie DNA płodu

prenatal ultrasound

a medical test that uses sound waves to create pictures of a growing baby inside a pregnant woman's uterus to check for any potential problems

badanie ultrasonograficzne prenatalne, USG ciążowe

badanie ultrasonograficzne prenatalne, USG ciążowe

cordocentesis
cordocentesis
[Rzeczownik]

a prenatal procedure that involves withdrawing a small sample of fetal blood from the umbilical cord for diagnostic purposes

kordocenteza, nakłucie pępowiny

kordocenteza, nakłucie pępowiny

nuchal translucency screening

a prenatal test that measures fetal neck thickness to assess chromosomal abnormalities during early pregnancy

badanie przezierności karkowej, pomiar przezierności karkowej

badanie przezierności karkowej, pomiar przezierności karkowej

sonogram
sonogram
[Rzeczownik]

a medical image taken using sound waves, commonly used in pregnancy to monitor fetal development

sonogram, badanie ultrasonograficzne

sonogram, badanie ultrasonograficzne

Ex: During pregnancy, a sonogram helps parents see and monitor the baby's growth. 
sonography
sonography
[Rzeczownik]

a medical imaging method using sound waves for real-time visual examinations of the body's internal structures

sonografia, ultrasonografia

sonografia, ultrasonografia

Ex: Sonography uses sound waves to create real-time images of the body. 
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