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Książka Total English - Średnio zaawansowany - Jednostka 8 - Odniesienie

Tutaj znajdziesz słownictwo z Unit 8 - Odniesienie w podręczniku Total English Intermediate, takie jak "wiertło", "sprawiedliwy handel", "zatłoczenie" itp.

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Total English - Intermediate
career
career
[Rzeczownik]

a profession or a series of professions that one can do for a long period of one's life

kariera, zawód

kariera, zawód

Ex: She's pursuing a career in medicine and hopes to become a doctor. 
climate change
climate change
[Rzeczownik]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

zmiana klimatu, globalne ocieplenie

zmiana klimatu, globalne ocieplenie

Ex: Climate change is a major concern for future generations. 
political
political
[przymiotnik]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

polityczny

polityczny

Ex: Political debates often revolve around issues such as taxation, healthcare, and national security. 
arrangement
arrangement
[Rzeczownik]

a mutual understanding or agreement established between people

ustalenie, porozumienie

ustalenie, porozumienie

Ex: They made an arrangement to meet at the café later. 
hairstyle
hairstyle
[Rzeczownik]

the way in which a person's hair is arranged or cut

fryzura, strzyżenie

fryzura, strzyżenie

Ex: She changed her hairstyle for the wedding, opting for elegant curls. 
tune
tune
[Rzeczownik]

a sequence of musical notes arranged in a specific order to create a recognizable piece of music

melodia

melodia

Ex: She hummed a cheerful tune while cooking dinner. 
against
against
[Przyimek]

in opposition to someone or something

przeciw

przeciw

Ex: I decided to go against the advice of my friend. 
law
law
[Rzeczownik]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

prawo, ustawa

prawo, ustawa

Ex: Breaking the law can result in serious consequences. 
appeal
appeal
[Rzeczownik]

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

apelacja

apelacja

Ex: The defendant filed an appeal against the verdict. 
banned
banned
[przymiotnik]

prohibited or not allowed by law, rule, or authority

zakazany,  zabroniony

zakazany, zabroniony

to arrest
to arrest
[Czasownik]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

aresztować

aresztować

Ex: The police officer decided to arrest the suspect after gathering sufficient evidence. 
fine
fine
[Rzeczownik]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

grzywna, kara

grzywna, kara

Ex: He had to pay a hefty fine for speeding on the highway. 
illegal
illegal
[przymiotnik]

forbidden by the law

nielegalny, zabroniony przez prawo

nielegalny, zabroniony przez prawo

Ex: Selling drugs on the street is illegal and punishable by law. 
architecture
architecture
[Rzeczownik]

the study or art of building and designing houses

architektura

architektura

Ex: She decided to study architecture because she was fascinated by the art and science of designing buildings. 
building
building
[Rzeczownik]

a structure that has walls, a roof, and sometimes many levels, like an apartment, house, school, etc.

budynek, gmach

budynek, gmach

Ex: He worked in a modern office building with large windows. 
congestion
congestion
[Rzeczownik]

a state of being overcrowded or blocked, particularly in a street or road

zatłoczenie, korek

zatłoczenie, korek

Ex: There was heavy congestion on the highway during rush hour. 
construction
construction
[Rzeczownik]

the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure

budowa

budowa

Ex: The construction of the new hospital is ahead of schedule. 
to drill
to drill
[Czasownik]

to make a hole or opening in something using a rotating tool

wiercić, borować

wiercić, borować

Ex: The carpenter drilled holes in the wooden plank for dowel insertion. 
exhaust fumes
exhaust fumes
[Rzeczownik]

waste gases expelled from an internal-combustion engine, containing pollutants that degrade air quality

spaliny, gazy wydechowe

spaliny, gazy wydechowe

Ex: The tunnel filled with exhaust fumes as cars idled during the rush-hour backup. 
heat wave
heat wave
[Rzeczownik]

a period of hot weather, usually hotter and longer than before

fala upałów, upał

fala upałów, upał

Ex: The city issued a warning for a heat wave, advising residents to stay indoors and stay hydrated. 
horn
horn
[Rzeczownik]

a device placed inside of a vehicle that makes an alarming and loud sound, used to give a warning or signal to others

klakson, róg

klakson, róg

Ex: He honked the horn to warn the pedestrian crossing the street. 
to honk
to honk
[Czasownik]

to cause a horn, particularly of a vehicle, to make a loud noise

trąbić, zatrąbić

trąbić, zatrąbić

Ex: The taxi driver honked the horn to alert pedestrians of his presence. 
rush hour
rush hour
[Rzeczownik]

a time of day at which traffic is the heaviest because people are leaving for work or home

godzina szczytu, czas szczytu

godzina szczytu, czas szczytu

Ex: She left the house early to avoid the rush hour traffic on her way to the office. 
terribly
terribly
[przysłówek]

in a very unpleasant, poor, or painful manner

strasznie, okropnie

strasznie, okropnie

Ex: They beat me terribly in the final match. 
tower block
tower block
[Rzeczownik]

a very tall building that is divided into several apartments or offices

blok wieżowy, wieżowiec mieszkalny

blok wieżowy, wieżowiec mieszkalny

Ex: People in the tower block have complained about the long wait for elevators. 
traffic jam
traffic jam
[Rzeczownik]

a large number of bikes, cars, buses, etc. that are waiting in lines behind each other which move very slowly

korek, zator drogowy

korek, zator drogowy

Ex: They were late to the meeting due to a traffic jam on the highway. 
conflict
conflict
[Rzeczownik]

tension or opposition between two simultaneous, incompatible feelings

konflikt, dylemat

konflikt, dylemat

Ex: He felt a conflict between loyalty and ambition. 
to cure
to cure
[Czasownik]

to make someone regain their health

leczyć, uzdrawiać

leczyć, uzdrawiać

Ex: Antibiotics are often prescribed to cure bacterial infections. 
debt
debt
[Rzeczownik]

an amount of money or a favor that is owed

dług, zadłużenie

dług, zadłużenie

Ex: After years of diligent saving, he finally managed to pay off his student debt. 
disease
disease
[Rzeczownik]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

choroba, schorzenie

choroba, schorzenie

Ex: Many are working tirelessly to eradicate this deadly disease. 
fair trade
fair trade
[Rzeczownik]

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

sprawiedliwy handel

sprawiedliwy handel

global warming
global warming
[Rzeczownik]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

globalne ocieplenie, zmiana klimatu

globalne ocieplenie, zmiana klimatu

Ex: Scientists link global warming to rising sea levels. 
farming
farming
[Rzeczownik]

the activity of working on a farm and growing crops or producing animal products by raising them

rolnictwo, uprawa

rolnictwo, uprawa

Ex: Farming involves many tasks, from planting seeds to harvesting crops. 
mortality rate
mortality rate
[Rzeczownik]

the number of deaths in a particular population over a specific period of time, usually expressed as a ratio or percentage

wskaźnik śmiertelności, stopa śmiertelności

wskaźnik śmiertelności, stopa śmiertelności

organic
organic
[przymiotnik]

(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

ekologiczny, organiczny

ekologiczny, organiczny

Ex: Organic farming relies on natural methods and avoids the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. 
peace
peace
[Rzeczownik]

a period or state where there is no war or violence

pokój

pokój

Ex: After years of conflict, the region finally experienced a period of lasting peace and stability. 
pollution
pollution
[Rzeczownik]

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

zanieczyszczenie, skażenie

zanieczyszczenie, skażenie

Ex: The pollution in the lake has made the water toxic to fish and plants. 
poverty
poverty
[Rzeczownik]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

ubóstwo

ubóstwo

Ex: Many families in the area live in poverty and struggle to access basic services. 
recycling
recycling
[Rzeczownik]

the process of making waste products usable again

recykling, przetwarzanie odpadów

recykling, przetwarzanie odpadów

Ex: Recycling helps reduce environmental pollution. 
solar power
solar power
[Rzeczownik]

energy that is generated from the sun's radiation using solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity

energia słoneczna, moc słoneczna

energia słoneczna, moc słoneczna

Ex: The house is equipped with solar power to reduce electricity bills. 
standard of living

the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.

Ex: Improved infrastructure and healthcare services have contributed to a higher standard of living in urban areas. 
war
war
[Rzeczownik]

a state of armed fighting between two or more groups, nations, or states

wojna

wojna

Ex: The soldiers marched off to battle, prepared to defend their country in war. 
wealth
wealth
[Rzeczownik]

abundance of money, property or valuable possessions

bogactwo, majątek

bogactwo, majątek

to promote
to promote
[Czasownik]

to move to a higher position or rank

awansować, promować

awansować, promować

Ex: After years of hard work, she was promoted to manager of the department. 
to offer
to offer
[Czasownik]

to present or propose something to someone

oferować, proponować

oferować, proponować

Ex: She kindly offered her assistance to anyone in need. 
promotion
promotion
[Rzeczownik]

an act of raising someone to a higher rank or position

awans, promocja

awans, promocja

Ex: A promotion often comes with increased responsibilities. 
alternative
alternative
[Rzeczownik]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

alternatywa,  opcja

alternatywa, opcja

Ex: We need to find an alternative if this plan doesn't work. 
to quit
to quit
[Czasownik]

to give up your job, school, etc.

zrezygnować, porzucić

zrezygnować, porzucić

Ex: After the disagreement, three employees quit. 
to regret
to regret
[Czasownik]

to feel sad, sorry, or disappointed about something that has happened or something that you have done, often wishing it had been different

żałować, ubolewać

żałować, ubolewać

Ex: She regretted not studying harder for the exam and wished she had put in more effort. 
to [take] the plunge

to devote one's time and energy to doing or finishing something one was nervous about

odważyć się i zacząć, rzucić się na głęboką wodę

odważyć się i zacząć, rzucić się na głęboką wodę

Ex: After months of hesitation, she finally took the plunge and started her own business. 
volunteer
volunteer
[Rzeczownik]

a person who offers to do something, often without being asked or without expecting payment

wolontariusz,  ochotnik

wolontariusz, ochotnik

Ex: She became a volunteer at the animal shelter, dedicating her weekends to caring for the animals. 
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