کتاب 'توتال اینگلیش' متوسطه - واحد 8 - مرجع

a profession or a series of professions that one can do for a long period of one's life

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

a mutual understanding or agreement established between people

the way in which a person's hair is arranged or cut

a sequence of musical notes forming a recognizable melody

in opposition to someone or something

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

prohibited or not allowed by law, rule, or authority

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

forbidden by or against the law

the art, study, or profession of designing buildings and other structures

a structure that has walls, a roof, and sometimes many levels, like an apartment, house, school, etc.

a state of being overcrowded or blocked, particularly in a street or road

the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure

to make a hole in something using a drill or similar rotating tool

waste gases expelled from an internal-combustion engine, containing pollutants that degrade air quality

a period of hot weather, usually hotter and longer than before

a device on a vehicle that produces a loud sound as a warning or signal

to cause a horn, particularly of a vehicle, to make a loud noise

a time of day at which traffic is the heaviest because people are leaving for work or home

in a very unpleasant, poor, or painful manner

a very tall building that is divided into several apartments or offices

a large number of bikes, cars, buses, etc. that are waiting in lines behind each other which move very slowly

tension or opposition between two simultaneous, incompatible feelings

to restore someone to health by ending an illness or medical condition

an amount of money or a favor that is owed

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

the activity or practice of growing crops or raising animals on a farm

the number of deaths in a particular population over a specific period of time, usually expressed as a ratio or percentage

produced or grown without artificial fertilizers, pesticides, or other synthetic chemicals

a period or state where there is no war or violence

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

the process of making waste products usable again

energy that is generated from the sun's radiation using solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity

the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.

a state of armed fighting between two or more groups, nations, or states

a large amount of valuable material possessions or financial resources

to move to a higher position or rank

to present or propose something to someone

an act of raising someone to a higher rank or position

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

to give up your job, school, etc.

to feel sorry or disappointed about something that happened or that one did or failed to do

to devote one's time and energy to doing or finishing something one was nervous about

a person who offers to do something, often without being asked or without expecting payment