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El libro Total English - Intermedio - Unidad 8 - Referencia

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Unidad 8 - Referencia en el libro de curso Total English Intermediate, como "drill", "comercio justo", "congestión", etc.

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Total English - Intermediate
career
career
[Sustantivo]

a profession or a series of professions that one can do for a long period of one's life

carrera, profesión

carrera, profesión

Ex: She's pursuing a career in medicine and hopes to become a doctor. 
climate change
climate change
[Sustantivo]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

cambio climático

cambio climático

Ex: Climate change is a major concern for future generations. 
political
political
[Adjetivo]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

político

político

Ex: Political debates often revolve around issues such as taxation, healthcare, and national security. 
arrangement
arrangement
[Sustantivo]

a mutual understanding or agreement established between people

acuerdo, arreglo

acuerdo, arreglo

Ex: They made an arrangement to meet at the café later. 
hairstyle
hairstyle
[Sustantivo]

the way in which a person's hair is arranged or cut

peinado

peinado

Ex: She changed her hairstyle for the wedding, opting for elegant curls. 
tune
tune
[Sustantivo]

a sequence of musical notes arranged in a specific order to create a recognizable piece of music

tonada, tonada

tonada, tonada

Ex: She hummed a cheerful tune while cooking dinner. 
against
against
[Preposición]

in opposition to someone or something

contra

contra

Ex: I decided to go against the advice of my friend. 
law
law
[Sustantivo]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

ley

ley

Ex: Breaking the law can result in serious consequences. 
appeal
appeal
[Sustantivo]

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

apelación

apelación

Ex: The defendant filed an appeal against the verdict. 
banned
banned
[Adjetivo]

prohibited or not allowed by law, rule, or authority

prohibido,  vetado

prohibido, vetado

to arrest
to arrest
[Verbo]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arrestar

arrestar

Ex: The police officer decided to arrest the suspect after gathering sufficient evidence. 
fine
fine
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa

multa

Ex: He had to pay a hefty fine for speeding on the highway. 
illegal
illegal
[Adjetivo]

forbidden by the law

ilegal

ilegal

Ex: Selling drugs on the street is illegal and punishable by law. 
architecture
architecture
[Sustantivo]

the study or art of building and designing houses

arquitectura

arquitectura

Ex: She decided to study architecture because she was fascinated by the art and science of designing buildings. 
building
building
[Sustantivo]

a structure that has walls, a roof, and sometimes many levels, like an apartment, house, school, etc.

edificio, construcción

edificio, construcción

Ex: He worked in a modern office building with large windows. 
congestion
congestion
[Sustantivo]

a state of being overcrowded or blocked, particularly in a street or road

congestión, embotellamiento

congestión, embotellamiento

Ex: There was heavy congestion on the highway during rush hour. 
construction
construction
[Sustantivo]

the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure

construcción

construcción

Ex: The construction of the new hospital is ahead of schedule. 
to drill
to drill
[Verbo]

to make a hole or opening in something using a rotating tool

taladrar, perforar

taladrar, perforar

Ex: The carpenter drilled holes in the wooden plank for dowel insertion. 
exhaust fumes
exhaust fumes
[Sustantivo]

waste gases expelled from an internal-combustion engine, containing pollutants that degrade air quality

gases de escape, humos de escape

gases de escape, humos de escape

Ex: The tunnel filled with exhaust fumes as cars idled during the rush-hour backup. 
heat wave
heat wave
[Sustantivo]

a period of hot weather, usually hotter and longer than before

ola de calor

ola de calor

Ex: The city issued a warning for a heat wave, advising residents to stay indoors and stay hydrated. 
horn
horn
[Sustantivo]

a device placed inside of a vehicle that makes an alarming and loud sound, used to give a warning or signal to others

claxon, bocina

claxon, bocina

Ex: He honked the horn to warn the pedestrian crossing the street. 
to honk
to honk
[Verbo]

to cause a horn, particularly of a vehicle, to make a loud noise

tocar la bocina, pitar

tocar la bocina, pitar

Ex: The taxi driver honked the horn to alert pedestrians of his presence. 
rush hour
rush hour
[Sustantivo]

a time of day at which traffic is the heaviest because people are leaving for work or home

hora pico, hora punta

hora pico, hora punta

Ex: She left the house early to avoid the rush hour traffic on her way to the office. 
terribly
terribly
[Adverbio]

in a very unpleasant, poor, or painful manner

terriblemente

terriblemente

Ex: They beat me terribly in the final match. 
tower block
tower block
[Sustantivo]

a very tall building that is divided into several apartments or offices

torre

torre

Ex: People in the tower block have complained about the long wait for elevators. 
traffic jam
traffic jam
[Sustantivo]

a large number of bikes, cars, buses, etc. that are waiting in lines behind each other which move very slowly

atasco

atasco

Ex: They were late to the meeting due to a traffic jam on the highway. 
conflict
conflict
[Sustantivo]

tension or opposition between two simultaneous, incompatible feelings

conflicto

conflicto

Ex: He felt a conflict between loyalty and ambition. 
to cure
to cure
[Verbo]

to make someone regain their health

curar

curar

Ex: Antibiotics are often prescribed to cure bacterial infections. 
debt
debt
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money or a favor that is owed

deuda

deuda

Ex: After years of diligent saving, he finally managed to pay off his student debt. 
disease
disease
[Sustantivo]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

enfermedad

enfermedad

Ex: Many are working tirelessly to eradicate this deadly disease. 
fair trade
fair trade
[Sustantivo]

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

comercio justo

comercio justo

global warming
global warming
[Sustantivo]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

calentamiento global

calentamiento global

Ex: Scientists link global warming to rising sea levels. 
farming
farming
[Sustantivo]

the activity of working on a farm and growing crops or producing animal products by raising them

agricultura

agricultura

Ex: Farming involves many tasks, from planting seeds to harvesting crops. 
mortality rate
mortality rate
[Sustantivo]

the number of deaths in a particular population over a specific period of time, usually expressed as a ratio or percentage

tasa de mortalidad, índice de mortalidad

tasa de mortalidad, índice de mortalidad

organic
organic
[Adjetivo]

(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

orgánico

orgánico

Ex: Organic farming relies on natural methods and avoids the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. 
peace
peace
[Sustantivo]

a period or state where there is no war or violence

paz

paz

Ex: After years of conflict, the region finally experienced a period of lasting peace and stability. 
pollution
pollution
[Sustantivo]

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

contaminación, polución

contaminación, polución

Ex: The pollution in the lake has made the water toxic to fish and plants. 
poverty
poverty
[Sustantivo]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

pobreza

pobreza

Ex: Many families in the area live in poverty and struggle to access basic services. 
recycling
recycling
[Sustantivo]

the process of making waste products usable again

reciclaje

reciclaje

Ex: Recycling helps reduce environmental pollution. 
solar power
solar power
[Sustantivo]

energy that is generated from the sun's radiation using solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity

energía solar, potencia solar

energía solar, potencia solar

Ex: The house is equipped with solar power to reduce electricity bills. 
standard of living

the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.

nivel de vida

nivel de vida

Ex: Improved infrastructure and healthcare services have contributed to a higher standard of living in urban areas. 
war
war
[Sustantivo]

a state of armed fighting between two or more groups, nations, or states

guerra

guerra

Ex: The soldiers marched off to battle, prepared to defend their country in war. 
wealth
wealth
[Sustantivo]

abundance of money, property or valuable possessions

riqueza, fortuna

riqueza, fortuna

to promote
to promote
[Verbo]

to move to a higher position or rank

ascender, promover

ascender, promover

Ex: After years of hard work, she was promoted to manager of the department. 
to offer
to offer
[Verbo]

to present or propose something to someone

ofrecer

ofrecer

Ex: She kindly offered her assistance to anyone in need. 
promotion
promotion
[Sustantivo]

an act of raising someone to a higher rank or position

promoción, ascenso

promoción, ascenso

Ex: A promotion often comes with increased responsibilities. 
alternative
alternative
[Sustantivo]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

alternativa

alternativa

Ex: We need to find an alternative if this plan doesn't work. 
to quit
to quit
[Verbo]

to give up your job, school, etc.

renunciar, dejar

renunciar, dejar

Ex: After the disagreement, three employees quit. 
to regret
to regret
[Verbo]

to feel sad, sorry, or disappointed about something that has happened or something that you have done, often wishing it had been different

lamentar, arrepentirse

lamentar, arrepentirse

Ex: She regretted not studying harder for the exam and wished she had put in more effort. 
to [take] the plunge

to devote one's time and energy to doing or finishing something one was nervous about

lanzarse, atreverse de una vez

lanzarse, atreverse de una vez

Ex: After months of hesitation, she finally took the plunge and started her own business. 
volunteer
volunteer
[Sustantivo]

a person who offers to do something, often without being asked or without expecting payment

voluntario,  voluntaria

voluntario, voluntaria

Ex: She became a volunteer at the animal shelter, dedicating her weekends to caring for the animals. 
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