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Livro Total English - Intermediário - Unidade 8 - Referência

Aqui você encontrará o vocabulário da Unidade 8 - Referência no livro didático Total English Intermediate, como "broca", "comércio justo", "congestionamento", etc.

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Total English - Intermediate
career
career
[substantivo]

a profession or a series of professions that one can do for a long period of one's life

carreira, profissão

carreira, profissão

Ex: After college, he began his career as a software engineer at a tech company. 
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climate change
climate change
[substantivo]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

mudança climática, aquecimento global

mudança climática, aquecimento global

Ex: The effects of climate change are evident in our changing weather patterns. 

Os efeitos da mudança climática são evidentes em nossos padrões climáticos em mudança.

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political
political
[adjetivo]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

político

político

Ex: The media plays a crucial role in informing the public about political developments and holding elected officials accountable. 

A mídia desempenha um papel crucial em informar o público sobre desenvolvimentos políticos e em responsabilizar os funcionários eleitos.

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arrangement
arrangement
[substantivo]

a mutual understanding or agreement established between people

arranjo, acordo

arranjo, acordo

Ex: We came to an arrangement about sharing the rent. 
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hairstyle
hairstyle
[substantivo]

the way in which a person's hair is arranged or cut

penteado, corte de cabelo

penteado, corte de cabelo

Ex: They experimented with different hairstyles until they found the perfect one. 

Eles experimentaram diferentes penteados até encontrarem o perfeito.

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tune
tune
[substantivo]

a sequence of musical notes forming a recognizable melody

melodia,  toada

melodia, toada

Ex: She wrote a new tune for the children's song. 
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against
against
[preposição]

in opposition to someone or something

contra

contra

Ex: We must protect the environment against pollution. 

Devemos proteger o meio ambiente contra a poluição.

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law
law
[substantivo]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

lei, direito

lei, direito

Ex: They studied constitutional law in law school. 
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appeal
appeal
[substantivo]

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

recurso

recurso

Ex: Her lawyer prepared an appeal to challenge the ruling. 
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banned
banned
[adjetivo]

prohibited or not allowed by law, rule, or authority

proibido,  banido

proibido, banido

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to arrest
to arrest
[verbo]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

prender

prender

Ex: The authorities have the power to arrest those who are caught in the act of committing a crime. 
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fine
fine
[substantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa, sanção

multa, sanção

Ex: He had to pay a hefty fine for speeding on the highway. 
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illegal
illegal
[adjetivo]

forbidden by or against the law

ilegal

ilegal

Ex: They were accused of carrying out illegal activities. 
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architecture
architecture
[substantivo]

the art, study, or profession of designing buildings and other structures

Ex: Modern architecture often combines function with simple design. 
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building
building
[substantivo]

a structure that has walls, a roof, and sometimes many levels, like an apartment, house, school, etc.

edifício, prédio

edifício, prédio

Ex: The school building has a playground for the students. 
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congestion
congestion
[substantivo]

a state of being overcrowded or blocked, particularly in a street or road

congestionamento, engarrafamento

congestionamento, engarrafamento

Ex: Traffic congestion is a major issue during the holidays. 

O congestionamento do trânsito é um grande problema durante os feriados.

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construction
construction
[substantivo]

the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure

construção

construção

Ex: Safety regulations are critical during construction projects. 
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to drill
to drill
[verbo]

to make a hole in something using a drill or similar rotating tool

perfurar,  brocar

perfurar, brocar

Ex: Workers drilled into the concrete to install the supports. 
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exhaust fumes
exhaust fumes
[substantivo]

waste gases expelled from an internal-combustion engine, containing pollutants that degrade air quality

fumaças de escape, gases de escape

fumaças de escape, gases de escape

Ex: Studies link long-term exposure to vehicle exhaust fumes with respiratory ailments. 

Estudos vinculam a exposição de longo prazo aos gases de escape dos veículos com doenças respiratórias.

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heat wave
heat wave
[substantivo]

a period of hot weather, usually hotter and longer than before

onda de calor, calor intenso

onda de calor, calor intenso

Ex: During a heat wave, it’s important to check on elderly neighbors who may be more vulnerable to extreme temperatures. 

Durante uma onda de calor, é importante verificar os vizinhos idosos que podem ser mais vulneráveis ​​a temperaturas extremas.

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horn
horn
[substantivo]

a device on a vehicle that produces a loud sound as a warning or signal

buzina, cláxon

buzina, cláxon

Ex: The car's horn stopped working after the electrical fault. 
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to honk
to honk
[verbo]

to cause a horn, particularly of a vehicle, to make a loud noise

buzinar, tocar a buzina

buzinar, tocar a buzina

Ex: She honks to greet her friend waiting on the sidewalk. 

Ela buzina para cumprimentar seu amigo que espera na calçada.

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rush hour
rush hour
[substantivo]

a time of day at which traffic is the heaviest because people are leaving for work or home

hora do rush, hora de pico

hora do rush, hora de pico

Ex: She planned her errands around rush hour to avoid getting stuck in traffic. 

Ela planejou seus afazeres em torno do horário de pico para evitar ficar presa no trânsito.

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terribly
terribly
[advérbio]

in a very unpleasant, poor, or painful manner

terrivelmente, horrivelmente

terrivelmente, horrivelmente

Ex: She was terribly treated by the staff. 

Ela foi terrivelmente maltratada pela equipe.

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tower block
tower block
[substantivo]

a very tall building that is divided into several apartments or offices

bloco de torres, arranha-céu residencial

bloco de torres, arranha-céu residencial

Ex: The view from the top of the tower block is breathtaking. 

A vista do topo do arranha-céu é de tirar o fôlego.

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traffic jam
traffic jam
[substantivo]

a large number of bikes, cars, buses, etc. that are waiting in lines behind each other which move very slowly

engarrafamento, congestionamento

engarrafamento, congestionamento

Ex: The traffic jam cleared up after the accident was cleared from the road. 

O engarrafamento desapareceu depois que o acidente foi removido da estrada.

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conflict
conflict
[substantivo]

tension or opposition between two simultaneous, incompatible feelings

conflito, dilema

conflito, dilema

Ex: She struggled with the conflict between hope and doubt. 
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to cure
to cure
[verbo]

to restore someone to health by ending an illness or medical condition

curar, sarar

curar, sarar

Ex: Modern treatments can cure some forms of the disease. 
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debt
debt
[substantivo]

an amount of money or a favor that is owed

dívida, endividamento

dívida, endividamento

Ex: She felt a deep sense of debt to her mentor, who had guided her throughout her career. 
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disease
disease
[substantivo]

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

doença, enfermidade

doença, enfermidade

Ex: She campaigns for awareness of the disease. 
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fair trade
fair trade
[substantivo]

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

comércio justo

comércio justo

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global warming
global warming
[substantivo]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

aquecimento global, mudança climática

aquecimento global, mudança climática

Ex: Global warming threatens ecosystems and wildlife. 

O aquecimento global ameaça ecossistemas e vida selvagem.

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farming
farming
[substantivo]

the activity or practice of growing crops or raising animals on a farm

agricultura,  cultivo

agricultura, cultivo

Ex: The family has been involved in farming for generations. 
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mortality rate
mortality rate
[substantivo]

the number of deaths in a particular population over a specific period of time, usually expressed as a ratio or percentage

taxa de mortalidade, índice de mortalidade

taxa de mortalidade, índice de mortalidade

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organic
organic
[adjetivo]

produced or grown without artificial fertilizers, pesticides, or other synthetic chemicals

orgânico, biológico

orgânico, biológico

Ex: They switched to organic methods several years ago. 
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peace
peace
[substantivo]

a period or state where there is no war or violence

paz

paz

Ex: The treaty brought a long-awaited peace to the region. 
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pollution
pollution
[substantivo]

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

poluição, contaminação

poluição, contaminação

Ex: Due to the severe pollution, many species of birds no longer visit the area. 
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poverty
poverty
[substantivo]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

pobreza

pobreza

Ex: Education is seen as a key to escaping the cycle of poverty. 
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recycling
recycling
[substantivo]

the process of making waste products usable again

reciclagem, reprocessamento de resíduos

reciclagem, reprocessamento de resíduos

Ex: The city introduced a new recycling program. 

A cidade introduziu um novo programa de reciclagem.

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solar power
solar power
[substantivo]

energy that is generated from the sun's radiation using solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity

energia solar, potência solar

energia solar, potência solar

Ex: The company specializes in designing solar power systems for households. 

A empresa é especializada em projetar sistemas de energia solar para residências.

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standard of living

the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.

Ex: Economic policies that promote job creation and income growth can positively impact the standard of living for citizens. 
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war
war
[substantivo]

a state of armed fighting between two or more groups, nations, or states

guerra

guerra

Ex: Diplomats from both nations worked tirelessly to negotiate a peace treaty to end the war. 
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wealth
wealth
[substantivo]

a large amount of valuable material possessions or financial resources

Ex: He inherited a substantial wealth from his late grandfather. 
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to promote
to promote
[verbo]

to move to a higher position or rank

promover, avançar

promover, avançar

Ex: He was promoted to vice president of sales for his outstanding performance. 
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to offer
to offer
[verbo]

to present or propose something to someone

oferecer, propor

oferecer, propor

Ex: The teacher offered valuable feedback to help the students improve their work. 
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promotion
promotion
[substantivo]

an act of raising someone to a higher rank or position

promoção, avanço

promoção, avanço

Ex: His hard work and dedication led to a quick promotion. 
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alternative
alternative
[substantivo]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

alternativa,  opção

alternativa, opção

Ex: You can either take the train or the bus, but there's no third alternative. 
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to quit
to quit
[verbo]

to give up your job, school, etc.

desistir, sair

desistir, sair

Ex: They're worried more people will quit if conditions don't improve. 

Eles estão preocupados que mais pessoas vão desistir se as condições não melhorarem.

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to regret
to regret
[verbo]

to feel sorry or disappointed about something that happened or that one did or failed to do

lamentar,  arrepender-se

lamentar, arrepender-se

Ex: She regretted not asking more questions during the interview. 
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to [take] the plunge

to devote one's time and energy to doing or finishing something one was nervous about

tomar coragem e avançar, dar o passo decisivo

tomar coragem e avançar, dar o passo decisivo

Ex: He had avoided the difficult course for years, then finally took the plunge. 

Ele evitou aquele curso difícil durante anos, até que finalmente tomou coragem.

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volunteer
volunteer
[substantivo]

a person who offers to do something, often without being asked or without expecting payment

voluntário,  voluntária

voluntário, voluntária

Ex: As a volunteer firefighter, he was always ready to respond to emergencies in his community. 
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