Vocabulário para IELTS (Acadêmico) - History

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre história, como "explorador", "civilização", "monumento", etc., que são necessárias para o exame IELTS.

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costume

[substantivo]

the usual set of clothes that are worn in a particular country or period of history

traje, vestuário

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explorer

[substantivo]

a person who visits unknown places to find out more about them

explorador, aventureiro

Ex: She dreamed of becoming an explorer and traveling to remote islands .Ela sonhava em se tornar uma **exploradora** e viajar para ilhas remotas.

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historical

[adjetivo]

related to the study or depiction of events, people, or objects from the past

histórico

Ex: He enjoys reading historical novels that bring the past to life .Ele gosta de ler romances **históricos** que trazem o passado à vida.

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abbey

[substantivo]

a church with buildings connected to it in which a group of monks or nuns live or used to live

abadia, mosteiro

Ex: They have dedicated their lives to serving at the abbey, finding solace and purpose within its hallowed walls .Eles dedicaram suas vidas a servir no **mosteiro**, encontrando consolo e propósito dentro de seus muros sagrados.

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age

[substantivo]

a period of history identified with a particular event

época, era

Ex: The age of agriculture saw the development of farming techniques and settlement growth .A **era** da agricultura viu o desenvolvimento de técnicas agrícolas e o crescimento dos assentamentos.

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archeologist

[substantivo]

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

arqueólogo

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civilization

[substantivo]

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

civilização, sociedade

Ex: The rise of civilization in Mesopotamia marked the beginning of recorded history .O surgimento da **civilização** na Mesopotâmia marcou o início da história registrada.

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era

[substantivo]

(geology) a subdivision of time that divides eon into smaller units

era, época

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empire

[substantivo]

the states or countries that are ruled under a single authority by a single government or monarch

império

Ex: The Roman Empire was one of the most powerful and extensive empires in ancient history .O **Império** Romano foi um dos impérios mais poderosos e extensos da história antiga.

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formerly

[advérbio]

in an earlier period

anteriormente, outrora

Ex: The town was formerly a quiet village , but it has transformed into a bustling city .A cidade era **antigamente** uma vila tranquila, mas transformou-se numa cidade movimentada.

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historian

[substantivo]

someone who studies or records historical events

historiador, historiadora

Ex: The historian's lecture on World War II was incredibly detailed .

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origin

[substantivo]

the point or place where something has its foundation or beginning

origem, fonte

Ex: Scientists are studying the origin of the universe through cosmology .Os cientistas estão estudando a **origem** do universo através da cosmologia.

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myth

[substantivo]

a story involving the ancient history of a people, usually about heroes and supernatural events that could be unreal

mito, lenda

Ex: The villagers passed the myth down through generations .Os aldeões passaram o **mito** através das gerações.

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monument

[substantivo]

a place or building that is historically important

monumento

Ex: The Taj Mahal is a stunning monument built in memory of Emperor Shah Jahan ’s beloved wife , Mumtaz Mahal .O Taj Mahal é um **monumento** deslumbrante construído em memória da amada esposa do Imperador Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal.

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revolution

[substantivo]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolução

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .

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pyramid

[substantivo]

a stone monument built in ancient Egypt usually as a tomb for the pharaohs, which has a triangular or square base that slopes up to the top

pirâmide, monumento piramidal

Ex: The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.A **pirâmide** de Gizé é uma das sete maravilhas do mundo antigo.

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ruin

[substantivo]

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

ruínas, escombros

Ex: The archaeological team discovered the ruins of an ancient city .A equipe arqueológica descobriu as **ruínas** de uma cidade antiga.

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wartime

[substantivo]

a period during which an open war is underway

tempo de guerra, período de guerra

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ancestry

[substantivo]

the people that a person is descended from

ascendência, linhagem

Ex: The festival celebrated the rich ancestry of the local community , highlighting traditions and customs passed down through generations .O festival celebrou a rica **ascendência** da comunidade local, destacando tradições e costumes transmitidos de geração em geração.

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aristocracy

[substantivo]

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

aristocracia, nobreza

Ex: The aristocracy opposed many social reforms that threatened their privileges .**A aristocracia** se opôs a muitas reformas sociais que ameaçavam seus privilégios.

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chronology

[substantivo]

the study of past events for the purpose of determining the order by which they occurred

cronologia, estudo cronológico

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fortress

[substantivo]

a structure or town that has been designed for military defense against enemy attacks

fortaleza, cidadela

Ex: They sought refuge within the fortress during the attack on their village .Eles buscaram refúgio dentro da **fortaleza** durante o ataque à sua vila.

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successor

[substantivo]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

sucessor, herdeiro

Ex: The company was eager to find a worthy successor to continue the founder 's legacy and lead it into the future .A empresa estava ansiosa para encontrar um **sucessor** digno para continuar o legado do fundador e liderá-lo para o futuro.

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former

[adjetivo]

referring to the previous state or condition of an object, organization, or place, which has since changed

antigo, anterior

Ex: The former manufacturing plant has been converted into a modern art gallery.A antiga fábrica foi convertida em uma galeria de arte moderna.

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anno Domini

[advérbio]

used to refer to a date that is after the birth of Jesus Christ

depois de Cristo, d.C.

Ex: The Renaissance, a period of cultural and intellectual flourishing, occurred in Europe from the 14th to the 17th centuries AD, leading to significant advancements in art, science, and philosophy.O Renascimento, um período de florescimento cultural e intelectual, ocorreu na Europa do século XIV ao XVII **depois de Cristo**, levando a avanços significativos na arte, ciência e filosofia.

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before Christ

[advérbio]

marking the years before Christ's supposed birth

antes de Cristo

Ex: The ancient city of Rome was traditionally founded in 753 BC.A antiga cidade de Roma foi tradicionalmente fundada em 753 **antes de Cristo**.

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the Middle Ages

[substantivo]

an era in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the authority of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was unquestionable

a Idade Média, o período medieval

Ex: The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that struck Europe in the late Middle Ages, killing millions.A Peste Negra foi uma pandemia devastadora que atingiu a Europa no final da **Idade Média**, matando milhões.

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Vocabulário para IELTS (Acadêmico) - History