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Humaniora ACT - Religion och Trosuppfattningar

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till religion och tro, såsom "sekulär", "rit", "gudom" etc., som kommer att hjälpa dig att klara dina ACT.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
Scripture
[Substantiv]

the sacred writings of the Christian faith, comprising the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, considered authoritative and divinely inspired by Christian

Helig skrift, De heliga skrifterna

Helig skrift, De heliga skrifterna

Ex: Scripture readings are integral to Christian worship services , with passages chosen based on the liturgical calendar or thematic focus .Läsningar av **Skriften** är en integrerad del av kristna gudstjänster, med avsnitt valda utifrån den liturgiska kalendern eller tematisk inriktning.
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deity
[Substantiv]

a supernatural figure that is worshipped like a god or goddess

gudom, gud

gudom, gud

Ex: The deity's followers celebrated their faith with elaborate rituals .**Gudomlighetens** följare firande sin tro med elaborerade ritualer.
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altar
[Substantiv]

the table in a church, used for giving communion in Christianity

altare, nattvardsbord

altare, nattvardsbord

Ex: The priest placed the chalice and paten on the altar before the Eucharistic celebration .Prästen placerade kalken och patén på **altaret** före eukaristifirandet.
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providence
[Substantiv]

the divine guidance, care, and intervention of a higher power

försyn, den gudomliga försynen

försyn, den gudomliga försynen

Ex: Believers express gratitude for the providence of God , acknowledging blessings and unexpected positive outcomes in their lives .Troende uttrycker tacksamhet för Guds **försyn**, och erkänner välsignelser och oväntade positiva resultat i sina liv.
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rite
[Substantiv]

a formal or ceremonial act, procedure, or ritual, often associated with religious practices

rit, ceremoni

rit, ceremoni

Ex: During the Easter service , the congregation participated in the solemn rite of communion .Under påskgudstjänsten deltog församlingen i den högtidliga **riten** av nattvarden.
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mosque
[Substantiv]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

moské, muslimsk böneplats

moské, muslimsk böneplats

Ex: He listened to the imam 's sermon during the weekly Friday sermon at the mosque.Han lyssnade på imamens predikan under den veckovisa fredagspredikan i **moskén**.
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clergy
[Substantiv]

people who are officially chosen to lead religious services in a church or other religious institution

prästerskap, kleresi

prästerskap, kleresi

Ex: The church was filled with clergy from different denominations .Kyrkan var fylld med **präster** från olika trossamfund.
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monk
[Substantiv]

a member of a male religious group that lives in a monastery

munk, klosterbroder

munk, klosterbroder

Ex: The monk's robe and shaved head were symbols of his commitment to his religious order .**Munkens** klädnad och rakade huvud var symboler för hans hängivenhet till sin religiösa orden.
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disciple
[Substantiv]

a follower or student who adheres to the teachings and practices of a particular leader, teacher, or philosophy

lärjunge,  anhängare

lärjunge, anhängare

Ex: The philosopher 's disciples carried on his legacy by teaching future generations about his ideas and principles .Filosofens **lärjungar** fortsatte hans arv genom att lära framtida generationer om hans idéer och principer.
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denomination
[Substantiv]

a distinct branch or or subgroup within a larger religious tradition, characterized by specific beliefs, practices, and organizational structures

trosinriktning, benämning

trosinriktning, benämning

Ex: She converted to a new denomination of Christianity after studying its beliefs and practices .Hon konverterade till en ny **inriktning** av kristendomen efter att ha studerat dess tro och praxis.
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hymn
[Substantiv]

a religious song intended to praise God, especially sung by Christians in congregation

hymn, kyrkosång

hymn, kyrkosång

Ex: The choir performed a beautiful hymn during the Easter celebration .Kören framförde en vacker **hymn** under påskfirandet.
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Gospel
[Substantiv]

the written message or teachings of a religious leader that is accepted by their followers

Evangelium, Gods Nyheter

Evangelium, Gods Nyheter

Ex: Teachers present the gospel to students in religious studies .
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pilgrimage
[Substantiv]

a journey or religious expedition to a sacred place or shrine, typically undertaken for spiritual or religious reasons

pilgrimsfärd, religiös resa

pilgrimsfärd, religiös resa

Ex: The annual Thaipusam festival in Malaysia involves a pilgrimage to the Batu Caves , where devotees perform acts of devotion and penance .Den årliga Thaipusam-festivalen i Malaysia innebär en **pilgrimsfärd** till Batu-grottorna, där anhängare utför handlingar av hängivenhet och bot.
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dogma
[Substantiv]

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

dogm, tro

dogm, tro

Ex: The cult 's dogma required followers to adhere to a set of rigid and unquestionable rules .Kultens **dogma** krävde att anhängarna följde en uppsättning rigida och obestridliga regler.
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motto
[Substantiv]

a brief statement or phrase that represents the guiding beliefs or ideals of an individual, family, or institution

motto, valspråk

motto, valspråk

Ex: The company 's motto, " Innovation for Tomorrow , " reflects its commitment to forward-thinking and progress .Företagets **motto**, "Innovation för morgondagen", speglar dess engagemang för framåtblickande tänkande och framsteg.
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credo
[Substantiv]

a formal statement of beliefs or principles, often religious or philosophical in nature

credo, trosbekännelse

credo, trosbekännelse

Ex: The educator 's credo may prioritize fostering a love of learning , equity in education , and the holistic development of students .Pedagogens **credo** kan prioritera att främja kärlek till lärande, jämlikhet i utbildning och elevernas holistiska utveckling.
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spiritualism
[Substantiv]

the belief that the human spirit or soul can survive after death and communicate with the living

spiritism, spiritualism

spiritism, spiritualism

Ex: Spiritualism gained popularity in the 19th century as people sought to contact the dead .**Spiritualismen** blev populär under 1800-talet när människor försökte kontakta de döda.
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rationalism
[Substantiv]

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

rationalism, rationalismen

rationalism, rationalismen

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idealism
[Substantiv]

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

idealism

idealism

Ex: The teacher encouraged idealism, asking students to envision a perfect future .Läraren uppmuntrade **idealism**, och bad eleverna att föreställa sig en perfekt framtid.
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determinism
[Substantiv]

the theory or doctrine that all events and occurrences are completely determined by previously existing causes, therefore human beings cannot be punished or held accountable for their deeds

determinism, fatalism

determinism, fatalism

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fundamentalism
[Substantiv]

a strict commitment to the core beliefs and teachings of a religion, often accompanied by a literal interpretation of its sacred texts

fundamentalism, integrism

fundamentalism, integrism

Ex: Islamic fundamentalism seeks to implement Sharia law based on a strict interpretation of the Quran .Islamisk **fundamentalism** strävar efter att implementera sharia-lag baserad på en strikt tolkning av Koranen.
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empiricism
[Substantiv]

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

empirism, experimentalism

empirism, experimentalism

Ex: She studied empiricism to understand the roots of modern science .Kritiker av **empirism** hävdar att det kan förbise betydelsen av a priori kunskap och de medfödda strukturerna i sinnet som påverkar hur vi uppfattar och tolkar erfarenheter.
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individualism
[Substantiv]

the conviction that prioritizes self-reliance and personal independence as virtues

individualism, individualismen

individualism, individualismen

Ex: The debate between individualism and collectivism is central to many political and social theories .Debatten mellan **individualism** och kollektivism är central i många politiska och sociala teorier.
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consumerism
[Substantiv]

the idea or belief that personal well-being and happiness depend on the purchase of material goods

konsumism,  materialism

konsumism, materialism

Ex: Advertising plays a significant role in promoting consumerism by persuading people to buy products they may not necessarily need .Reklam spelar en betydande roll i att främja **konsumism** genom att övertala människor att köpa produkter som de inte nödvändigtvis behöver.
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materialism
[Substantiv]

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

materialism, materialistisk filosofi

materialism, materialistisk filosofi

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dualism
[Substantiv]

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

dualism, dualismsläran

dualism, dualismsläran

Ex: Gender dualism explores the binary classification of gender roles and identities into male and female categories .Genus**dualism** utforskar den binära klassificeringen av könsroller och identiteter i manliga och kvinnliga kategorier.
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egalitarian
[Substantiv]

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

egalitär, förespråkare för jämlikhet

egalitär, förespråkare för jämlikhet

Ex: The egalitarian’s speech inspired many to join the movement for racial equality .Den **egalitära** talet inspirerade många att gå med i rörelsen för raslikhet.
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utilitarian
[Substantiv]

someone who supports the theory that actions are morally right if they maximize happiness or pleasure and morally wrong if they cause unhappiness or pain, regardless of other outcomes

utilitarist

utilitarist

Ex: Utilitarians prioritize the greatest good for the greatest number , aiming to achieve the most favorable outcomes for society as a whole .**Utilitarianer** prioriterar det största goda för det största antalet, med målet att uppnå de mest gynnsamma resultaten för samhället som helhet.
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pacifist
[Substantiv]

an individual who is against war and violence as a way to settle disagreements or conflicts

pacifist

pacifist

Ex: Despite threats , the pacifist continued to speak out against violence and aggression .Trots hot fortsatte **pacifisten** att tala ut mot våld och aggression.
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zealot
[Substantiv]

a person who is fanatically committed to a cause, ideology, or belief, often with uncompromising intensity and willingness to act aggressively in its defense

fanatiker, nitälskare

fanatiker, nitälskare

Ex: Tech zealots defended their favorite platforms with cult-like devotion .Teknologi-**fanatiker** försvarade sina favoritplattformar med en sektliknande hängivenhet.
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radical
[Substantiv]

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radikal, aktivist

radikal, aktivist

Ex: A radical criticized the mainstream policies.
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abolitionist
[Substantiv]

a person who advocates for the complete elimination of something

abolitionist, förespråkare för avskaffande

abolitionist, förespråkare för avskaffande

Ex: Susan B. Anthony was not only a suffragist but also an abolitionist who fought for the rights of women and slaves .Susan B. Anthony var inte bara en suffragett utan också en **abolitionist** som kämpade för kvinnors och slavars rättigheter.
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extremist
[adjektiv]

holding or promoting extreme opinions in politics, religion, etc.

extremistisk

extremistisk

Ex: Despite widespread condemnation , the extremist organization continued to recruit members through online propaganda .Trots utbredd fördömelse fortsatte den **extremistiska** organisationen att rekrytera medlemmar genom onlinepropaganda.
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martyr
[Substantiv]

someone who is killed because of their beliefs

martyr, martyr

martyr, martyr

Ex: The group honored the martyr who sacrificed their life for freedom .Gruppen hedrade **martyrn** som offrade sitt liv för friheten.
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benediction
[Substantiv]

a prayer asking for divine blessing, protection, or guidance

välsignelse, välsignelsebön

välsignelse, välsignelsebön

Ex: They paused for a moment of benediction before the journey .De pausade för ett ögonblick av **välsignelse** före resan.
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to fulfill a role in religious service or guidance, providing support and leadership within a community

tjäna, predika

tjäna, predika

Ex: The religious leader continued to minister, delivering sermons and conducting ceremonies for the congregation .Den religiösa ledaren fortsatte att **tjänstgöra**, höll predikningar och genomförde ceremonier för församlingen.
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to initiate into a religious faith by immersing in or sprinkling with water

döpa, doppa i vatten

döpa, doppa i vatten

Ex: The priest gently baptized the baby , welcoming them into the community of believers .Prästen döpte barnet varsamt och välkomnade det till trons gemenskap.
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to take up, follow, or support a cause, belief, ideology, etc.

omfamna, stödja

omfamna, stödja

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to make something sacred through religious rituals

vigda, helga

vigda, helga

Ex: The priest used sacred oils to consecrate the baptismal font , setting it apart for the initiation of new members into the faith .Prästen använde heliga oljor för att **vigda** dopfunten, avsättande den för initieringen av nya medlemmar i tron.
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sacred
[adjektiv]

connected with God or a god, and considered holy or deeply respected in religious contexts

helig, vigd

helig, vigd

Ex: The sacred symbols adorning the shrine hold spiritual significance for believers .De **heliga** symbolerna som pryder helgedomen har en andlig betydelse för troende.
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secular
[adjektiv]

not concerned or connected with religion

sekulär, icke-religiös

sekulär, icke-religiös

Ex: Secular organizations advocate for the separation of church and state in public affairs .**Sekulära** organisationer förespråkar separationen av kyrka och stat i offentliga angelägenheter.
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pagan
[Substantiv]

a person believing in a religion that worships many deities, especially one that existed before the major world religions

hedning, polyteist

hedning, polyteist

Ex: The community of pagans gathered to share traditions and rituals .Samhället av **hedningar** samlades för att dela traditioner och ritualer.
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Humaniora ACT
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