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Humanitní Vědy ACT - Náboženství a víry

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s náboženstvím a vírou, jako je „sekulární“, „rite“, „božstvo“ atd., která vám pomohou zvládnout vaše činy.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
Scripture
[Podstatné jméno]

the sacred writings of the Christian faith, comprising the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, considered authoritative and divinely inspired by Christian

písmo, svaté písmo

písmo, svaté písmo

deity
[Podstatné jméno]

a supernatural figure that is worshipped like a god or goddess

božstvo, deita

božstvo, deita

altar
[Podstatné jméno]

the table in a church, used for giving communion in Christianity

oltář, stůl v kostele

oltář, stůl v kostele

Ex: The priest placed the chalice and paten on altar before the Eucharistic celebration .
providence
[Podstatné jméno]

the divine guidance, care, and intervention of a higher power

providence, vůle Boží

providence, vůle Boží

rite
[Podstatné jméno]

a formal or ceremonial act, procedure, or ritual, often associated with religious practices

ritus, obřad

ritus, obřad

Ex: During the Easter service , the congregation participated in the rite of communion .
mosque
[Podstatné jméno]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

mešita, modlitebna

mešita, modlitebna

clergy
[Podstatné jméno]

people who are officially chosen to lead religious services in a church or other religious institution

duchovenstvo, klérus

duchovenstvo, klérus

monk
[Podstatné jméno]

a member of a male religious group that lives in a monastery

mnich, mnišek

mnich, mnišek

disciple
[Podstatné jméno]

a follower or student who adheres to the teachings and practices of a particular leader, teacher, or philosophy

žák, následovník

žák, následovník

denomination
[Podstatné jméno]

a distinct branch or or subgroup within a larger religious tradition, characterized by specific beliefs, practices, and organizational structures

denominace, odvětví

denominace, odvětví

hymn
[Podstatné jméno]

a religious song intended to praise God, especially sung by Christians in congregation

hymna, píseň

hymna, píseň

pilgrimage
[Podstatné jméno]

a journey or religious expedition to a sacred place or shrine, typically undertaken for spiritual or religious reasons

pout, poutní cesta

pout, poutní cesta

dogma
[Podstatné jméno]

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

dogma, náboženské dogma

dogma, náboženské dogma

motto
[Podstatné jméno]

a brief statement or phrase that represents the guiding beliefs or ideals of an individual, family, or institution

motto, heslo

motto, heslo

credo
[Podstatné jméno]

a formal statement of beliefs or principles, often religious or philosophical in nature

kredo, přesvědčení

kredo, přesvědčení

spiritualism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief that the human spirit or soul can survive after death and communicate with the living

spiritualismus, duchovní nauka

spiritualismus, duchovní nauka

idealism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

idealismus, ideálismus

idealismus, ideálismus

fundamentalism
[Podstatné jméno]

a strict commitment to the core beliefs and teachings of a religion, often accompanied by a literal interpretation of its sacred texts

fundamentalismus, fundamentalistické učení

fundamentalismus, fundamentalistické učení

empiricism
[Podstatné jméno]

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

empirismus, empirická poznání

empirismus, empirická poznání

individualism
[Podstatné jméno]

the conviction that prioritizes self-reliance and personal independence as virtues

individualismus, individuální přístup

individualismus, individuální přístup

Ex: The debate individualism and collectivism is central to many political and social theories .
consumerism
[Podstatné jméno]

the idea or belief that personal well-being and happiness depend on the purchase of material goods

konsumismus, konzum

konsumismus, konzum

dualism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

dualismus, dvojismysl

dualismus, dvojismysl

egalitarian
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

egalitář, rovnostář

egalitář, rovnostář

utilitarian
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who supports the theory that actions are morally right if they maximize happiness or pleasure and morally wrong if they cause unhappiness or pain, regardless of other outcomes

utilitarista, utilitarianista

utilitarista, utilitarianista

pacifist
[Podstatné jméno]

an individual who is against war and violence as a way to settle disagreements or conflicts

pacifista, mírový aktivista

pacifista, mírový aktivista

zealot
[Podstatné jméno]

a person with very strong opinions on different matters such as religion or politics who tries to impose them on others

fanatik, horlivec

fanatik, horlivec

abolitionist
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who advocates for the complete elimination of something

abolicionista, zrušitel

abolicionista, zrušitel

Ex: Susan B. Anthony was not only a suffragist but also abolitionist who fought for the rights of women and slaves .
extremist
[Přídavné jméno]

holding or promoting extreme opinions in politics, religion, etc.

extrémistický, radikální

extrémistický, radikální

Ex: Despite widespread condemnation , extremist organization continued to recruit members through online propaganda .
martyr
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who is killed because of their beliefs

mučedník, martyr

mučedník, martyr

benediction
[Podstatné jméno]

a prayer asking for blessing and protection

požehnání, bližení

požehnání, bližení

to minister
[sloveso]

to fulfill a role in religious service or guidance, providing support and leadership within a community

působit, sloužit

působit, sloužit

to baptize
[sloveso]

to initiate into a religious faith by immersing in or sprinkling with water

pokřtít, křtít

pokřtít, křtít

to consecrate
[sloveso]

to make something sacred through religious rituals

posvětit, zasvětit

posvětit, zasvětit

sacred
[Přídavné jméno]

connected with God or a god, and considered holy or deeply respected in religious contexts

svatý, posvátný

svatý, posvátný

secular
[Přídavné jméno]

not concerned or connected with religion

sekulární, laický

sekulární, laický

pagan
[Podstatné jméno]

a person believing in a religion that worships many deities, especially one that existed before the major world religions

pohan, pohanský

pohan, pohanský

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