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Științe Umaniste ACT - Religie și credințe

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte englezești legate de religie și credințe, cum ar fi „secular”, „rit”, „deity”, etc., care vă vor ajuta să vă reușiți ACT-urile.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
Scripture
[substantiv]

the sacred writings of the Christian faith, comprising the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, considered authoritative and divinely inspired by Christian

scriptură, Sfânta Scriptură

scriptură, Sfânta Scriptură

Ex: Scripture readings are integral to Christian worship services , with passages chosen based on the liturgical calendar or thematic focus .
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deity
[substantiv]

a supernatural figure that is worshipped like a god or goddess

divinitate, zeitate

divinitate, zeitate

Ex: deity's followers celebrated their faith with elaborate rituals .
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altar
[substantiv]

the table in a church, used for giving communion in Christianity

altar, mesă sacră

altar, mesă sacră

Ex: The priest placed the chalice and paten on altar before the Eucharistic celebration .
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providence
[substantiv]

the divine guidance, care, and intervention of a higher power

provvidență, favoare divină

provvidență, favoare divină

Ex: Believers express gratitude for providence of God , acknowledging blessings and unexpected positive outcomes in their lives .
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rite
[substantiv]

a formal or ceremonial act, procedure, or ritual, often associated with religious practices

rit, rito

rit, rito

Ex: During the Easter service , the congregation participated in the rite of communion .
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mosque
[substantiv]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

moschee, lăcaș de cult musulman

moschee, lăcaș de cult musulman

Ex: He listened to the imam 's sermon during the weekly Friday sermon at mosque.
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clergy
[substantiv]

people who are officially chosen to lead religious services in a church or other religious institution

duhovnicie, cler

duhovnicie, cler

Ex: The church was filled clergy from different denominations .
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monk
[substantiv]

a member of a male religious group that lives in a monastery

călugăr, monah

călugăr, monah

Ex: monk's robe and shaved head were symbols of his commitment to his religious order .
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disciple
[substantiv]

a follower or student who adheres to the teachings and practices of a particular leader, teacher, or philosophy

ucenic, discipol

ucenic, discipol

Ex: The philosopherdisciples carried on his legacy by teaching future generations about his ideas and principles .
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denomination
[substantiv]

a distinct branch or or subgroup within a larger religious tradition, characterized by specific beliefs, practices, and organizational structures

denominație, confesiune

denominație, confesiune

Ex: She converted to a denomination of Christianity after studying its beliefs and practices .
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hymn
[substantiv]

a religious song intended to praise God, especially sung by Christians in congregation

hymn, cântare religioasă

hymn, cântare religioasă

Ex: The choir performed a hymn during the Easter celebration .
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Gospel
[substantiv]

the written message or teachings of a religious leader that is accepted by their followers

Evanghelie, Mesajul religios

Evanghelie, Mesajul religios

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pilgrimage
[substantiv]

a journey or religious expedition to a sacred place or shrine, typically undertaken for spiritual or religious reasons

pelerinaj, călătorie religioasă

pelerinaj, călătorie religioasă

Ex: The annual Thaipusam festival in Malaysia involves pilgrimage to the Batu Caves , where devotees perform acts of devotion and penance .
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dogma
[substantiv]

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

dogmă, dogmatică

dogmă, dogmatică

Ex: The cultdogma required followers to adhere to a set of rigid and unquestionable rules .
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motto
[substantiv]

a brief statement or phrase that represents the guiding beliefs or ideals of an individual, family, or institution

deviză, motto

deviză, motto

Ex: The companymotto, " Innovation for Tomorrow , " reflects its commitment to forward-thinking and progress .
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credo
[substantiv]

a formal statement of beliefs or principles, often religious or philosophical in nature

crez, credo

crez, credo

Ex: The educatorcredo may prioritize fostering a love of learning , equity in education , and the holistic development of students .
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spiritualism
[substantiv]

the belief that the human spirit or soul can survive after death and communicate with the living

spiritualism, spiritism

spiritualism, spiritism

Ex: Spiritualism gained popularity in the 19th century as people sought to contact the dead .
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rationalism
[substantiv]

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

raționalism, raţionalitate

raționalism, raţionalitate

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idealism
[substantiv]

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

idealism, idealisme

idealism, idealisme

Ex: The teacher idealism, asking students to envision a perfect future .
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determinism
[substantiv]

the theory or doctrine that all events and occurrences are completely determined by previously existing causes, therefore human beings cannot be punished or held accountable for their deeds

determinism, doctrina determinismului

determinism, doctrina determinismului

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fundamentalism
[substantiv]

a strict commitment to the core beliefs and teachings of a religion, often accompanied by a literal interpretation of its sacred texts

fundamentalism, fundamentalizare

fundamentalism, fundamentalizare

Ex: fundamentalism seeks to implement Sharia law based on a strict interpretation of the Quran .
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empiricism
[substantiv]

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

empirism, empiricitate

empirism, empiricitate

Ex: Critics empiricism argue that it may overlook the importance of a priori knowledge and the inherent structures of the mind that influence how we perceive and interpret experiences .
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individualism
[substantiv]

the conviction that prioritizes self-reliance and personal independence as virtues

individualism, individualitate

individualism, individualitate

Ex: The debate individualism and collectivism is central to many political and social theories .
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consumerism
[substantiv]

the idea or belief that personal well-being and happiness depend on the purchase of material goods

consumism, consumism excesiv

consumism, consumism excesiv

Ex: Advertising plays a significant role in consumerism by persuading people to buy products they may not necessarily need .
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materialism
[substantiv]

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

materialism, materialitate

materialism, materialitate

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dualism
[substantiv]

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

dualism, dualitate

dualism, dualitate

Ex: dualism explores the binary classification of gender roles and identities into male and female categories .
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egalitarian
[substantiv]

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

egalitarist, egalitarian

egalitarist, egalitarian

Ex: egalitarian’s speech inspired many to join the movement for racial equality .
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utilitarian
[substantiv]

someone who supports the theory that actions are morally right if they maximize happiness or pleasure and morally wrong if they cause unhappiness or pain, regardless of other outcomes

utilitarist, susținător al utilitarismului

utilitarist, susținător al utilitarismului

Ex: Utilitarians prioritize the greatest good for the greatest number , aiming to achieve the most favorable outcomes for society as a whole .
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pacifist
[substantiv]

an individual who is against war and violence as a way to settle disagreements or conflicts

pacifist, pacifistă

pacifist, pacifistă

Ex: Despite threats , pacifist continued to speak out against violence and aggression .
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zealot
[substantiv]

a person with very strong opinions on different matters such as religion or politics who tries to impose them on others

zelot, fervent

zelot, fervent

Ex: The zealot was known for his extreme views and unwavering commitment to his party 's agenda .
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radical
[substantiv]

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radical, apărător al schimbării sociale

radical, apărător al schimbării sociale

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abolitionist
[substantiv]

a person who advocates for the complete elimination of something

abolitionist, apărător al abolirii

abolitionist, apărător al abolirii

Ex: Susan B. Anthony was not only a suffragist but also abolitionist who fought for the rights of women and slaves .
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extremist
[adjectiv]

holding or promoting extreme opinions in politics, religion, etc.

extremist, radical

extremist, radical

Ex: Despite widespread condemnation , extremist organization continued to recruit members through online propaganda .
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martyr
[substantiv]

someone who is killed because of their beliefs

martir, mucenic

martir, mucenic

Ex: The group honored martyr who sacrificed their life for freedom .
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benediction
[substantiv]

a prayer asking for blessing and protection

binecuvântare, sfintire

binecuvântare, sfintire

Ex: Each night , the grandmother would offer benediction over her sleeping grandchildren .
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to fulfill a role in religious service or guidance, providing support and leadership within a community

a sluji, a îndrumă

a sluji, a îndrumă

Ex: The religious leader continued minister, delivering sermons and conducting ceremonies for the congregation .
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to initiate into a religious faith by immersing in or sprinkling with water

a boteza, a spăla

a boteza, a spăla

Ex: The priest baptized the baby , welcoming them into the community of believers .
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to take up, follow, or support a cause, belief, ideology, etc.

a susține, a adopta

a susține, a adopta

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to make something sacred through religious rituals

sfinți, consacra

sfinți, consacra

Ex: The priest used sacred oils consecrate the baptismal font , setting it apart for the initiation of new members into the faith .
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sacred
[adjectiv]

connected with God or a god, and considered holy or deeply respected in religious contexts

sacru, sfânt

sacru, sfânt

Ex: sacred symbols adorning the shrine hold spiritual significance for believers .
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secular
[adjectiv]

not concerned or connected with religion

secular, laic

secular, laic

Ex: Secular organizations advocate for the separation of church and state in public affairs .
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pagan
[substantiv]

a person believing in a religion that worships many deities, especially one that existed before the major world religions

păgân, necredincios

păgân, necredincios

Ex: The community pagans gathered to share traditions and rituals .
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