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Nödvändigt Ordförråd för TOEFL - Fysiska funktionshinder och sjukdomar

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord om fysiska funktionshinder och sjukdomar, såsom "funktionshinder", "AIDS", "pest", etc., som behövs för TOEFL-provet.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
disability
[Substantiv]

a physical or mental condition that prevents a person from using some part of their body completely or learning something easily

handikapp, invaliditet

handikapp, invaliditet

Ex: Disability should not prevent someone from achieving their goals .**Handikapp** bör inte hindra någon från att uppnå sina mål.
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syndrome
[Substantiv]

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

syndrom

syndrom

Ex: Asperger 's syndrome, a form of autism spectrum disorder , is characterized by difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication , as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests .Aspergers **syndrom**, en form av autismspektrumstörning, kännetecknas av svårigheter i social interaktion och icke-verbal kommunikation, samt begränsade och repetitiva mönster av beteende och intressen.
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impairment
[Substantiv]

a state or condition in which a part of one's body or brain does not work properly

nedsättning, funktionshinder

nedsättning, funktionshinder

Ex: Her cognitive impairment made it difficult for her to process complex information .Hennes kognitiva **nedsättning** gjorde det svårt för henne att bearbeta komplex information.
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AIDS
[Substantiv]

a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the body's immune system and weakens it, can cause death in severe cases

AIDS, förvärvat immunbristsyndrom

AIDS, förvärvat immunbristsyndrom

Ex: The stigma surrounding AIDS can create barriers to healthcare access for those affected by the illness .Stigmatiseringen kring **AIDS** kan skapa hinder för hälso- och sjukvård för dem som drabbats av sjukdomen.
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asthma
[Substantiv]

a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing

astma, luftvägssjukdom

astma, luftvägssjukdom

Ex: It 's important for people with asthma to work closely with their healthcare providers to manage their condition and prevent exacerbations .Det är viktigt för personer med **astma** att arbeta nära med sina vårdgivare för att hantera sitt tillstånd och förhindra förvärringar.
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cancer
[Substantiv]

a serious disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of cells in a part of the body that may spread to other parts

cancer

cancer

Ex: The doctor discussed the various treatment options available for colon cancer.Läkaren diskuterade de olika behandlingsalternativ som finns tillgängliga för **cancer** i tjocktarmen.
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cholera
[Substantiv]

a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting

kolera, kolerasjukdom

kolera, kolerasjukdom

Ex: Doctors worked tirelessly to treat patients suffering from cholera in the makeshift clinic .Läkarna arbetade outtröttligt för att behandla patienter som led av **kolera** i den provisoriska kliniken.
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plague
[Substantiv]

a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected

pesten, den svarta döden

pesten, den svarta döden

Ex: Symptoms of the plague can include fever , chills , headache , weakness , and painful swollen lymph nodes .Symtom på **pesten** kan inkludera feber, frossa, huvudvärk, svaghet och smärtsamt svullna lymfknutor.
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measles
[Substantiv]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

mässling, mässlingssjukdom

mässling, mässlingssjukdom

Ex: Complications of measles can include pneumonia , encephalitis ( brain inflammation ) , and in severe cases , death .Komplikationer av **mässling** kan inkludera lunginflammation, encefalit (hjärninflammation) och i svåra fall död.
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diabetes
[Substantiv]

a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin

diabetes

diabetes

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chickenpox
[Substantiv]

a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children

vattkoppor, varicella

vattkoppor, varicella

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Covid-19
[Substantiv]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic

COVID-19, coronasjukan 2019

COVID-19, coronasjukan 2019

Ex: The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound socio-economic impacts , leading to changes in healthcare , travel , and everyday life globally .**COVID-19**-pandemin har haft djupa socioekonomiska effekter, vilket har lett till förändringar inom hälso- och sjukvård, resor och vardagsliv globalt.
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seasickness
[Substantiv]

wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship

sjösjuka, illamående från båtens gungning

sjösjuka, illamående från båtens gungning

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stroke
[Substantiv]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

stroke, slaganfall

stroke, slaganfall

Ex: Common risk factors for stroke include high blood pressure , diabetes , high cholesterol , smoking , and obesity .Vanliga riskfaktorer för **stroke** inkluderar högt blodtryck, diabetes, hög kolesterol, rökning och fetma.
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heart attack
[Substantiv]

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

hjärtattack, hjärtinfarkt

hjärtattack, hjärtinfarkt

Ex: The sudden heart attack took everyone by surprise , highlighting the unpredictability of heart disease .Den plötsliga **hjärtattacken** överraskade alla och belyste hjärtsjukdomars oförutsägbarhet.
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infection
[Substantiv]

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

infektion

infektion

Ex: Hospitals take strict precautions to prevent infections from spreading among patients and staff .Sjukhus vidtar strikta försiktighetsåtgärder för att förhindra att **infektioner** sprider sig bland patienter och personal.
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shock
[Substantiv]

a severe medical condition following an extreme drop in blood pressure, caused by a massive blood loss, serious burns, etc., which makes the person feel cold, have rapid pulse and breathing

chock, chocktillstånd

chock, chocktillstånd

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genetic
[adjektiv]

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

genetisk

genetisk

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fatal
[adjektiv]

resulting in death

dödlig, fatal

dödlig, fatal

Ex: The hiker fell from a cliff and suffered fatal injuries upon impact .Vandraren föll från en klippa och ådrog sig **dödliga** skador vid nedslaget.
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disabled
[adjektiv]

completely or partial inability to use a part of one's body or mind, caused by an illness, injury, etc.

funktionshindrad, invalid

funktionshindrad, invalid

Ex: The disabled worker excels in their job despite facing challenges related to their condition .Den **funktionshindrade** arbetaren utmärker sig i sitt jobb trots att de möter utmaningar relaterade till deras tillstånd.
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handicap
[Substantiv]

a condition that impairs a person's mental or physical functions

handikapp

handikapp

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deafness
[Substantiv]

the state or condition of being totally or partially unable to hear

dövhet, tillstånd av dövhet

dövhet, tillstånd av dövhet

Ex: Early detection of deafness is essential for better outcomes .Tidig upptäckt av **dövhet** är avgörande för bättre resultat.
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blindness
[Substantiv]

the condition or state of being completely or partially unable to see

blindhet, synförlust

blindhet, synförlust

Ex: The doctor explained that cataracts can lead to gradual blindness if left untreated .Läkaren förklarade att grå starr kan leda till gradvis **blindhet** om det lämnas obehandlat.
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tuberculosis
[Substantiv]

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberkulos

tuberkulos

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special needs
[Substantiv]

particular requirements that a person has, especially an individual with physical, emotional, or mental disability

särskilda behov, särskilda krav

särskilda behov, särskilda krav

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