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托福必备词汇 - 身体残疾与疾病

在这里,你将学习一些关于身体残疾和疾病的英语单词,如“残疾”、“艾滋病”、“瘟疫”等,这些都是托福考试所需要的。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
disability
[名词]

a physical or mental condition that prevents a person from using some part of their body completely or learning something easily

残疾, 残障

残疾, 残障

Ex: Disability should not prevent someone from achieving their goals .**残疾**不应阻止某人实现其目标。
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syndrome
[名词]

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

综合征

综合征

Ex: Asperger 's syndrome, a form of autism spectrum disorder , is characterized by difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication , as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests .阿斯伯格**综合症**是自闭症谱系障碍的一种形式,其特征是社交互动和非语言交流困难,以及行为和兴趣的受限和重复模式。
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impairment
[名词]

a state or condition in which a part of one's body or brain does not work properly

损伤, 障碍

损伤, 障碍

Ex: Her cognitive impairment made it difficult for her to process complex information .她的认知**障碍**使她难以处理复杂的信息。
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AIDS
[名词]

a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the body's immune system and weakens it, can cause death in severe cases

艾滋病, 获得性免疫缺陷综合症

艾滋病, 获得性免疫缺陷综合症

Ex: The stigma surrounding AIDS can create barriers to healthcare access for those affected by the illness .围绕**艾滋病**的污名可能会为受该疾病影响的人获得医疗保健制造障碍。
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asthma
[名词]

a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing

哮喘, 呼吸系统疾病

哮喘, 呼吸系统疾病

Ex: It 's important for people with asthma to work closely with their healthcare providers to manage their condition and prevent exacerbations .对于患有**哮喘**的人来说,与他们的医疗保健提供者密切合作以管理他们的病情并防止恶化是很重要的。
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cancer
[名词]

a serious disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of cells in a part of the body that may spread to other parts

癌症

癌症

Ex: The doctor discussed the various treatment options available for colon cancer.医生讨论了可用于结肠**癌**的各种治疗方案。
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cholera
[名词]

a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting

霍乱, 霍乱病

霍乱, 霍乱病

Ex: Doctors worked tirelessly to treat patients suffering from cholera in the makeshift clinic .医生们在临时诊所里不知疲倦地工作,以治疗患有**霍乱**的病人。
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plague
[名词]

a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected

瘟疫, 黑死病

瘟疫, 黑死病

Ex: Symptoms of the plague can include fever , chills , headache , weakness , and painful swollen lymph nodes .**瘟疫**的症状可能包括发烧、寒战、头痛、虚弱和疼痛的淋巴结肿大。
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measles
[名词]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

麻疹, 风疹

麻疹, 风疹

Ex: Complications of measles can include pneumonia , encephalitis ( brain inflammation ) , and in severe cases , death .**麻疹**的并发症可能包括肺炎、脑炎(脑部炎症),严重时甚至死亡。
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diabetes
[名词]

a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin

糖尿病

糖尿病

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chickenpox
[名词]

a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children

水痘, 天花

水痘, 天花

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Covid-19
[名词]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic

COVID-19, 2019冠状病毒病

COVID-19, 2019冠状病毒病

Ex: The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound socio-economic impacts , leading to changes in healthcare , travel , and everyday life globally .**COVID-19**大流行产生了深远的社会经济影响,导致全球医疗保健、旅行和日常生活的变化。
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seasickness
[名词]

wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship

晕船, 因船只摇晃引起的恶心

晕船, 因船只摇晃引起的恶心

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stroke
[名词]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

中风, 脑卒中

中风, 脑卒中

Ex: Common risk factors for stroke include high blood pressure , diabetes , high cholesterol , smoking , and obesity .**中风**的常见风险因素包括高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇、吸烟和肥胖。
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heart attack
[名词]

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

心脏病发作, 心肌梗塞

心脏病发作, 心肌梗塞

Ex: The sudden heart attack took everyone by surprise , highlighting the unpredictability of heart disease .突然的**心脏病发作**让所有人都感到意外,凸显了心脏病的不可预测性。
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infection
[名词]

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

感染

感染

Ex: Hospitals take strict precautions to prevent infections from spreading among patients and staff .医院采取严格预防措施,防止**感染**在患者和工作人员之间传播。
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shock
[名词]

a severe medical condition following an extreme drop in blood pressure, caused by a massive blood loss, serious burns, etc., which makes the person feel cold, have rapid pulse and breathing

休克, 休克状态

休克, 休克状态

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genetic
[形容词]

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

遗传的

遗传的

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fatal
[形容词]

resulting in death

致命的, 致死的

致命的, 致死的

Ex: The hiker fell from a cliff and suffered fatal injuries upon impact .徒步旅行者从悬崖上摔下来,撞击时受了**致命**伤。
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disabled
[形容词]

completely or partial inability to use a part of one's body or mind, caused by an illness, injury, etc.

残疾的, 残废的

残疾的, 残废的

Ex: The disabled worker excels in their job despite facing challenges related to their condition .**残疾**工人在工作中表现出色,尽管面临着与他们的状况相关的挑战。
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handicap
[名词]

a condition that impairs a person's mental or physical functions

残疾

残疾

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deafness
[名词]

the state or condition of being totally or partially unable to hear

耳聋, 失聪状态

耳聋, 失聪状态

Ex: Early detection of deafness is essential for better outcomes .早期发现**耳聋**对于获得更好的结果至关重要。
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blindness
[名词]

the condition or state of being completely or partially unable to see

失明, 盲

失明, 盲

Ex: The doctor explained that cataracts can lead to gradual blindness if left untreated .医生解释说,如果不及时治疗,白内障可能会导致逐渐**失明**。
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tuberculosis
[名词]

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

结核病

结核病

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particular requirements that a person has, especially an individual with physical, emotional, or mental disability

特殊需求, 特别需求

特殊需求, 特别需求

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