Vocabulário Essencial para o TOEFL - Deficiências Físicas e Doenças

a physical or mental condition that prevents a person from using some part of their body completely or learning something easily

deficiência, incapacidade

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

síndrome

a state or condition in which a part of one's body or brain does not work properly

impedimento, deficiência

a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the body's immune system and weakens it, can cause death in severe cases

AIDS, Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida

a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing

asma

a serious disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of cells in a part of the body that may spread to other parts

câncer, tumor maligno

a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting

cólera

a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected

peste, praga

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

sarampo

a serious medical condition in which the body is unable to regulate the blood sugar levels because it does not produce enough insulin

diabetes

a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children

catapora

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic

Covid-19

wooziness and nausea caused by the rocking motion of a boat or ship

enjoo do mar, náusea em alto mar

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

acidente vascular cerebral, derrame cerebral

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

ataque cardíaco, infarto do miocárdio

the act in which a disease-causing organism, such as a virus or parasite, causes a particular illness

infecção, contágio

a severe medical condition following an extreme drop in blood pressure, caused by a massive blood loss, serious burns, etc., which makes the person feel cold, have rapid pulse and breathing

choque, estado de choque

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

genético, hereditário

resulting in death

fatal, mortal

completely or partial inability to use a part of one's body or mind, caused by an illness, injury, etc.

deficiente, inativo

a condition that impairs a person's mental or physical functions

deficiência, handicap

the state or condition of being totally or partially unable to hear

surdez

the condition or state of being completely or partially unable to see

cegueira

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberculose, tuberculose pulmonar

particular requirements that a person has, especially an individual with physical, emotional, or mental disability

necessidades especiais, exigências especiais