Từ Vựng Cần Thiết cho GRE - Thiết bị ngôn ngữ & văn học

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

tiếng địa phương

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

cú pháp, cấu trúc câu

(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender

declension, biến thể ngữ pháp

(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function

biến hình, sự biến đổi

(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

biến đổi, chia động từ

a change in normal word order, especially putting a verb before its subject

lật ngược, thay đổi thứ tự từ

(grammar) a particular form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that acts as the direct object of a verb or preposition, used in some languages such as Greek or Latin

từ chỉ định

(in the grammar of some languages) the form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective that is used when addressing a particular person or thing

tình trạng gọi

relating to a grammatical case that is used to indicate possession, origin, or a close association

thì genitive

‌(of verbs) a form or mood that represents possibility, doubt, or wishes

thể giả định

(grammar) a specific form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that is used to show by what means or by whom an action is done or to indicate the source of the action, found in some languages such as Latin or Sanskrit

ablative

(grammar) a specific form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that shows the place of an action or where a person or thing is

cách địa điểm

(grammar) describing an adjective or noun following a linking verb and completing the meaning of the copula

phân từ, trạng ngữ

a grammatical case used for the subject of a sentence or clause

cách chủ từ

(grammar)(of a noun or adjective) joined directly to a noun and modifying it, without a linking verb

thuộc tính, thuộc thuộc

(grammar) the mood of a verb that states a fact

thì hiện tại

(grammar) a function word that is used to form a question

từ nghi vấn, từ hỏi

(grammar) a gender of words that are neither masculine nor feminine

giống trung

(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning

hậu tố, tiền tố/hậu tố

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

điệp âm

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

mỉa mai

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

ám chỉ, trích dẫn

humor, irony, ridicule, or sarcasm used to expose or criticize the faults and shortcomings of a person, government, etc.

châm biếm, trào phúng

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

eufemism

(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations

phép tương tự, phép tương tự ngôn ngữ

(of a person) able to express thoughts or ideas in a clear and consistent manner

mạch lạc, đồng nhất

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

ngữ nguyên

(of people) unable to express oneself clearly or easily

không rõ ràng, khó diễn đạt

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

tautology

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with the sentences and the contexts in which they are used

ngữ dụng học

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

ngữ âm

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

phoneme

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

morpheme

(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection

lexem, đơn vị ngôn ngữ

a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language

hình thức phát âm, biến thể của âm vị

(grammar) the act of omitting a word or words from a sentence, when the meaning is complete and the omission is understood from the context

điểm lửng, bỏ sót

each of two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation that vary in meaning and origin

đồng âm

(grammar) one of two or more words with the same pronunciation that differ in meaning, spelling or origin

từ đồng âm

(phonetics) a gliding speech sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable

huyền âm

a word that mimics the sound it represents

từ tượng thanh