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واژگان ضروری برای GRE - دستگاه های زبان و ادبی

در اینجا با چند لغت انگلیسی در مورد زبان آشنا می شوید، مانند «locative»، «neuter»، «irony» و غیره که برای آزمون GRE مورد نیاز است.

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مرور

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فلش‌کارت‌ها

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املای کلمه

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آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Essential Words Needed for the GRE
dialect

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

گویش

گویش

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syntax

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

نحو (زبان‌شناسی)

نحو (زبان‌شناسی)

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declension

(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender

صرف (زبان‌شناسی)

صرف (زبان‌شناسی)

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inflection

(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function

تصریف (دستورزبان)

تصریف (دستورزبان)

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to conjugate

(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

صرف کردن (دستورزبان)

صرف کردن (دستورزبان)

[فعل]
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inversion

a change in normal word order, especially putting a verb before its subject

وارونه‌سازی (زبان‌شناسی)

وارونه‌سازی (زبان‌شناسی)

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accusative

(grammar) a particular form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that acts as the direct object of a verb or preposition, used in some languages such as Greek or Latin

حالت مفعولی (دستورزبان)

حالت مفعولی (دستورزبان)

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vocative

(in the grammar of some languages) the form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective that is used when addressing a particular person or thing

حالت ندا (دستورزبان)

حالت ندا (دستورزبان)

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genitive

relating to a grammatical case that is used to indicate possession, origin, or a close association

اضافه (دستورزبان)

اضافه (دستورزبان)

[صفت]
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subjunctive

‌(of verbs) a form or mood that represents possibility, doubt, or wishes

افعال فرعی (دستور زبان)

افعال فرعی (دستور زبان)

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ablative

(grammar) a specific form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that is used to show by what means or by whom an action is done or to indicate the source of the action, found in some languages such as Latin or Sanskrit

مفعول‌به (دستور زبان)

مفعول‌به (دستور زبان)

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locative

(grammar) a specific form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that shows the place of an action or where a person or thing is

حالت اندری (دستورزبان)

حالت اندری (دستورزبان)

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predicative

(grammar) describing an adjective or noun following a linking verb and completing the meaning of the copula

گزاره‌ای

گزاره‌ای

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nominative

(in the grammar of some languages) the form of a noun, adjective, or pronoun when it takes the role of a verbnouns serving as the grammatical subject of a verb

فاعلی (دستور زبان)

فاعلی (دستور زبان)

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attributive

(grammar)(of a noun or adjective) joined directly to a noun and modifying it, without a linking verb

وصفی (دستورزبان)

وصفی (دستورزبان)

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indicative

(grammar) the mood of a verb that states a fact

وجه اخباری

وجه اخباری

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interrogative

(grammar) a function word that is used to form a question

کلمه پرسشی (دستورزبان)

کلمه پرسشی (دستورزبان)

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neuter

(grammar) a gender of words that are neither masculine nor feminine

خنثی (دستورزبان)

خنثی (دستورزبان)

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affix

(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning

وند (دستورزبان)

وند (دستورزبان)

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alliteration

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

واج‌آرایی

واج‌آرایی

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irony

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

وارونه‌گویی

وارونه‌گویی

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allusion

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

تلمیح

تلمیح

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satire

humor, irony, ridicule, or sarcasm used to expose or criticize the faults and shortcomings of a person, government, etc.

طنز

طنز

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euphemism

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

حسن تعبیر

حسن تعبیر

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analogy

(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations

آنالوژی (زبان‌شناسی)

آنالوژی (زبان‌شناسی)

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coherent

speaking in a way that is sensible and intelligible

فصیح

فصیح

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etymology

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

ریشه‌شناسی (واژگان)

ریشه‌شناسی (واژگان)

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inarticulate

(of people) unable to express oneself clearly or easily

ناگویا

ناگویا

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tautology

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

همان‌گویی (معنی‌شناسی)

همان‌گویی (معنی‌شناسی)

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pragmatics

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with the sentences and the contexts in which they are used

کاربردشناسی (زبان‌شناسی)

کاربردشناسی (زبان‌شناسی)

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phonetics

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

آواشناسی (زبان‌شناسی)

آواشناسی (زبان‌شناسی)

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phoneme

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

واج (آواشناسی)

واج (آواشناسی)

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morpheme

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

تکواژ (زبان‌شناسی)

تکواژ (زبان‌شناسی)

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lexeme

(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection

تک‌واژه (زبان‌شناسی)

تک‌واژه (زبان‌شناسی)

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allophone

a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language

واج‌گونه (آواشناسی)

واج‌گونه (آواشناسی)

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ellipsis

(grammar) the act of omitting a word or words from a sentence, when the meaning is complete and the omission is understood from the context

حذف به قرینه

حذف به قرینه

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homonym

each of two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation that vary in meaning and origin

هم‌نام (زبان‌شناسی)

هم‌نام (زبان‌شناسی)

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homophone

(grammar) one of two or more words with the same pronunciation that differ in meaning, spelling or origin

هم‌آوا

هم‌آوا

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diphthong

(phonetics) a gliding speech sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable

واکه مرکب

واکه مرکب

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onomatopoeia

a word that mimics the sound it represents

استفاده از نام‌آوا

استفاده از نام‌آوا

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