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Vocabular Esențial pentru GRE - Dispozitive lingvistice și literare
Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte englezești despre limbă, cum ar fi „locativ”, „neutru”, „ironie”, etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul GRE.
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Chestionar
the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar
dialect
(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language
sintaxa (lingvistica)
(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender
declin
(grammar) a change in the structure of a word, usually adding a suffix, according to its grammatical function
inflexiune
(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.
conjuga
a change in normal word order, especially putting a verb before its subject
inversiune
(grammar) a particular form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that acts as the direct object of a verb or preposition, used in some languages such as Greek or Latin
acuzativ
(in the grammar of some languages) the form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective that is used when addressing a particular person or thing
vocativ
relating to a grammatical case that is used to indicate possession, origin, or a close association
genitiv
(of verbs) a form or mood that represents possibility, doubt, or wishes
verbe la conjunctiv
(grammar) a specific form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that is used to show by what means or by whom an action is done or to indicate the source of the action, found in some languages such as Latin or Sanskrit
ablativ
(grammar) a specific form of a pronoun, adjective, or noun that shows the place of an action or where a person or thing is
locativ
(grammar) describing an adjective or noun following a linking verb and completing the meaning of the copula
predicativ
(in the grammar of some languages) the form of a noun, adjective, or pronoun when it takes the role of a verbnouns serving as the grammatical subject of a verb
nominativ
(grammar)(of a noun or adjective) joined directly to a noun and modifying it, without a linking verb
atributiv
(grammar) a function word that is used to form a question
interogativ
(grammar) a gender of words that are neither masculine nor feminine
neutru
(grammar) a letter or group of letters added to the end or beginning of a word to change its meaning
afix
the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device
aliteraţie
a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect
ironie
a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device
aluzie
humor, irony, ridicule, or sarcasm used to expose or criticize the faults and shortcomings of a person, government, etc.
satiră
a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite
eufemism
(linguistics) a process by which a new word or inflection is formed according to existing rules and regulations
analogie
the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings
etimologie
(of people) unable to express oneself clearly or easily
nearticulat
the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase
tautologie
(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with the sentences and the contexts in which they are used
pragmatică
the science and study of speech sounds and their production
fonetică
the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation
fonem (lingvistica)
(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided
morfem (lingvistica)
(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection
unitatea de bază a sensului într-o limbă
a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language
forme diferite ale aceluiaşi fonem
(grammar) the act of omitting a word or words from a sentence, when the meaning is complete and the omission is understood from the context
elipsă
each of two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation that vary in meaning and origin
omonim
(grammar) one of two or more words with the same pronunciation that differ in meaning, spelling or origin
omofon
(phonetics) a gliding speech sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable
diftong
