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决策、建议和义务 - 职责与规定

在这里,你将学习一些与职责和规定相关的英语单词,如“指南”、“命令”和“执行”。

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Words Related to Decision, Suggestion, and Obligation
dictate
dictate
[名词]

an authoritative order or command that is expected to be obeyed

命令,  指令

命令, 指令

Ex: Sarah refused to follow an unreasonable dictate from management. 
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diktat
diktat
[名词]

a legally binding command or decision that is issued by someone of an authority

命令

命令

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dos and don'ts

rules that determine what one should or should not do in a particular situation

该做和不该做的事, 基本规矩

该做和不该做的事, 基本规矩

Ex: The guide explains the dos and don'ts of traveling alone. 

这份指南说明了独自旅行时该做和不该做的事。

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due
due
[形容词]

(of a payment, debt, etc.) scheduled or required to be paid immediately or at a specific time

到期, 应付

到期, 应付

Ex: His loan payment is due by the end of the week. 

他的贷款还款到期于本周末。

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to enforce
to enforce
[动词]

to make sure that a law, rule, or regulation is obeyed

Ex: The school began enforcing its new attendance policy this semester. 
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enforcement
enforcement
[名词]

the process of making sure that a law, rule, requirement, or decision is obeyed or carried out

执行,  实施

执行, 实施

Ex: The city hired additional inspectors to improve enforcement of building regulations. 
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etiquette
etiquette
[名词]

a set of conventional rules or formal manners, usually in the form of ethical code

礼仪

礼仪

Ex: She followed proper etiquette when meeting the guests. 

她在会见客人时遵循了适当的礼仪。

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exception
exception
[名词]

a person or thing that does not follow a general rule or is excluded from a class or group

例外, 特殊情况

例外, 特殊情况

Ex: The rule states that all employees must clock in by 9 AM, but she is an exception due to her flexible work hours. 
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to feel honor-bound to

to feel or believe that it is one's moral obligation to do something

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free-for-all
free-for-all
[名词]

‌a chaotic situation in which there is no rule or control

混乱, 无政府状态

混乱, 无政府状态

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ground rule
ground rule
[名词]

a set of basic rules or principles on which future behaviors or actions should be based

基本规则, 基本原则

基本规则, 基本原则

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guideline
guideline
[名词]

a principle, recommendation, or instruction that helps determine how something should be done

Ex: Emma followed the safety guidelines carefully. 
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to [have] {sb} over a barrel

to place someone in a situation in which they have no choice but to accept one's offer or request

把人逼到没退路, 不给选择余地

把人逼到没退路, 不给选择余地

Ex: With the deadline tomorrow, the supplier had us over a barrel. 

截止日期就在明天,供应商把我们逼得别无选择。

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to [have] {one's} hands tied

‌to be unable to act, help, intervene, or assert one's free will, especially due to rules and restrictions

Ex: I'm afraid this matter shall be resolved at the court of law, my hands are tied in this case. 
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have to
have to
[动词]

used to indicate an obligation or to emphasize the necessity of something happening

必须, 不得不

必须, 不得不

Ex: We have to pay our bills before the due date to avoid late fees. 

我们必须在到期日之前支付账单以避免滞纳金。

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illegitimacy
illegitimacy
[名词]

the quality or state of not being approved or authorized by the law

非法性

非法性

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illegitimate
illegitimate
[形容词]

not allowed by the law

非法的,  不合法的

非法的, 不合法的

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illegitimately

in a manner disapproved or not allowed by custom

非法地

非法地

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to impose
to impose
[动词]

to force someone to do what they do not want

强加, 强迫

强加, 强迫

Ex: Parents should guide and support rather than impose their career choices on their children. 
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imposition
imposition
[名词]

the action of establishing a new law or regulation

征收, 建立

征收, 建立

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infraction
infraction
[名词]

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

违规,  犯罪

违规, 犯罪

Ex: In the workplace, failing to adhere to safety regulations can result in disciplinary action for an infraction. 

在工作场所,未能遵守安全规定可能会导致因违规而受到纪律处分。

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to infringe
to infringe
[动词]

to violate someone's rights or property

侵犯, 违反

侵犯, 违反

Ex: The protest organizers were cautious not to infringe any laws governing public demonstrations. 

抗议组织者谨慎行事,以免违反任何管辖公共示威的法律。

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infringement
infringement
[名词]

an action that is against a law. regulation, or agreement

侵权,  违反

侵权, 违反

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