pattern

القرار، الاقتراح والالتزام - الواجب واللوائح

هنا سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية المتعلقة بالواجب واللوائح مثل "إرشاد"، "تملي"، و"فرض".

مراجعة

بطاقات الفلاش

الهجاء

اختبار قصير

ابدأ التعلم
Words Related to Decision, Suggestion, and Obligation
dictate
dictate
[اسم]

an authoritative order or command that is expected to be obeyed

أمر,  توجيه

أمر, توجيه

Ex: Daniel questioned the wisdom of following every corporate dictate. 
diktat
diktat
[اسم]

a legally binding command or decision that is issued by someone of an authority

أمر

أمر

dos and don'ts
dos and don'ts
[عبارة]

rules that determine what one should or should not do in a particular situation

ما يجب وما لا يجب, قواعد التصرف

ما يجب وما لا يجب, قواعد التصرف

Ex: This list of dos and don'ts will help you avoid common mistakes. 

ستساعدك قائمة ما يجب وما لا يجب على تجنب الأخطاء الشائعة.

due
due
[صفة]

(of a payment, debt, etc.) scheduled or required to be paid immediately or at a specific time

مستحق, واجب السداد

مستحق, واجب السداد

Ex: The next installment for the project funding is due in two weeks. 

القسط التالي لتمويل المشروع مستحق خلال أسبوعين.

to enforce
to enforce
[فعل]

to make sure that a law, rule, or regulation is obeyed

Ex: The city has struggled to enforce the ban on illegal parking. 
enforcement
enforcement
[اسم]

the process of making sure that a law, rule, requirement, or decision is obeyed or carried out

إنفاذ,  تنفيذ

إنفاذ, تنفيذ

Ex: The agency is responsible for enforcement of the new environmental requirements. 
etiquette
etiquette
[اسم]

a set of conventional rules or formal manners, usually in the form of ethical code

آداب

آداب

Ex: Her etiquette at the meeting was impeccable. 

كانت آدابها في الاجتماع لا تشوبها شائبة.

exception
exception
[اسم]

a person or thing that does not follow a general rule or is excluded from a class or group

استثناء, حالة خاصة

استثناء, حالة خاصة

Ex: The rule states that all employees must clock in by 9 AM, but she is an exception due to her flexible work hours. 
to feel honor-bound to

to feel or believe that it is one's moral obligation to do something

free-for-all
free-for-all
[اسم]

‌a chaotic situation in which there is no rule or control

فوضى, عدم تنظيم

فوضى, عدم تنظيم

ground rule
ground rule
[اسم]

a set of basic rules or principles on which future behaviors or actions should be based

القاعدة الأساسية, المبدأ الأساسي

القاعدة الأساسية, المبدأ الأساسي

guideline
guideline
[اسم]

a principle, recommendation, or instruction that helps determine how something should be done

توجيه,  مبدأ إرشادي

توجيه, مبدأ إرشادي

Ex: The report provides clear guidelines for evaluating each application. 
to [have] {sb} over a barrel

to place someone in a situation in which they have no choice but to accept one's offer or request

يمسكه من اليد التي تؤلمه, لا يترك له خيارًا

يمسكه من اليد التي تؤلمه, لا يترك له خيارًا

Ex: Don't sign yet; they only think they have you over a barrel. 

لا توقّع بعد؛ هم يظنون فقط أنهم لا يتركون لك خيارًا.

to [have] {one's} hands tied

‌to be unable to act, help, intervene, or assert one's free will, especially due to rules and restrictions

Ex: He has his hands tied now that he has joined the law school.  He can't back you up without endangering his career I'm afraid. 
have to
have to
[فعل]

used to indicate an obligation or to emphasize the necessity of something happening

يجب, عليه

يجب, عليه

Ex: He has to pick up his kids from school at 3 PM. 

عليه أن يأخذ أطفاله من المدرسة في الساعة 3 مساءً.

illegitimacy
illegitimacy
[اسم]

the quality or state of not being approved or authorized by the law

عدم الشرعية

عدم الشرعية

illegitimate
illegitimate
[صفة]

not allowed by the law

غير شرعي,  غير قانوني

غير شرعي, غير قانوني

illegitimately

in a manner disapproved or not allowed by custom

بشكل غير شرعي

بشكل غير شرعي

to impose
to impose
[فعل]

to force someone to do what they do not want

يفرض, يجبر

يفرض, يجبر

Ex: The boss decided to impose a deadline, putting pressure on the team to complete the project quickly. 
imposition
imposition
[اسم]

the action of establishing a new law or regulation

فرض, تأسيس

فرض, تأسيس

infraction
infraction
[اسم]

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

مخالفة,  جريمة

مخالفة, جريمة

Ex: The company has a zero-tolerance policy for infractions of its code of conduct, enforcing strict penalties for violations. 

الشركة لديها سياسة عدم تسامح مطلق مع المخالفات لقانون السلوك الخاص بها، وتطبق عقوبات صارمة على المخالفات.

to infringe
to infringe
[فعل]

to violate someone's rights or property

انتهاك, تعدي

انتهاك, تعدي

Ex: The court found the defendant guilty of infringing the patent rights of a competing company. 

وجدت المحكمة المدعى عليه مذنبا في انتهاك حقوق براءات الاختراع لشركة منافسة.

infringement
infringement
[اسم]

an action that is against a law. regulation, or agreement

انتهاك,  خرق

انتهاك, خرق

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