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Verbs of Making and Changing - Verbs for Structural Changes

Here you will learn some English verbs referring to structural changes such as "melt", "rot", and "solidify".

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Categorized English Verbs of Making and Changing
to melt
to melt
[Verb]

(of something in solid form) to turn into liquid form by being subjected to heat

Ex: Ice cubes melt quickly in warm water. 
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to thaw
to thaw
[Verb]

to make something melt or soften

Ex: She uses a hairdryer to thaw the frozen pipes during winter. 
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to evaporate

to become gas or vapor from liquid

Ex: Water can evaporate when exposed to heat. 
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to vaporize

to convert a substance from a solid or liquid state into gas

Ex: The warm breeze vaporized the morning fog, revealing a clear and sunny day. 
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to dissolve

(of a solid) to become one with a liquid

Ex: Sugar dissolves quickly in hot tea. 
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to solidify

to transform from a liquid or flexible state into a stable, firm, or compact form

Ex: As the temperature dropped, the melted wax began to solidify, forming candles with a smooth surface. 
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to liquefy

to change from a solid state and become fluid or liquid

Ex: As the temperature rose, the snow on the ground started to liquefy. 
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to dilute
to dilute
[Verb]

to make a solution or mixture weaker or less concentrated by adding more liquid

Ex: To make it more palatable, you can dilute the juice with water. 
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to water down

to make something less strong by adding water to it

Ex: The chef had to water down the sauce to balance the flavors. 
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to ferment

to trigger a process where microorganisms break down sugars in a substance, often creating alcohol or acids

Ex: The baker uses yeast to ferment the dough and make it rise. 
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to distill

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

Ex: The chemist is currently distilling the solution to isolate the pure compound. 
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to hydrate

to take in water or fluids to stay healthy or maintain proper function

Ex: It's essential to hydrate by drinking water throughout the day. 
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to dehydrate

to remove water from a substance, often causing it to become dry

Ex: The air conditioning system was unintentionally dehydrating the indoor air. 
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to carbonate

to add carbon dioxide to something, often to make it fizzy or create a chemical change

Ex: You can carbonate water by adding carbon dioxide. 
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to oxidize

to combine with oxygen, often changing the appearance or properties of a material

Ex: Iron can oxidize when exposed to air and moisture, forming rust. 
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to rust
to rust
[Verb]

to develop a reddish-brown coating, usually on metal, due to exposure to air and water over time

Ex: Over time, metal objects like nails can rust when exposed to air. 
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to decay
to decay
[Verb]

to be gradually damaged or destroyed as a result of natural processes

Ex: Wood can decay if left untreated and exposed to moisture. 
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to rot
to rot
[Verb]

to become destroyed, often due to the action of bacteria or fungi over time

Ex: If not refrigerated, food can quickly rot. 
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to decompose

to break down into simpler parts or substances

Ex: Organic matter can decompose into nutrient-rich soil. 
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to putrefy

to rot and produce a bad smell as organic matter breaks down over time

Ex: Without proper disposal, organic waste can putrefy and emit unpleasant odors. 
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to molder
to molder
[Verb]

to slowly fall apart or decay, often because of time or neglect

Ex: The old books in the attic are beginning to molder. 
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