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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic - Test 3 - Listening - Part 4

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 3 - Listening - Part 4 in the Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic
cleanliness

diligence in keeping clean

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prehistoric
prehistoric
[Adjective]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

Ex: Archaeologists discovered prehistoric artifacts in the cave. 
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cleansing
cleansing
[Adjective]

acting like an antiseptic

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to rinse
to rinse
[Verb]

to clean something quickly with water, often without using soap, in order to remove dirt or other substances

Ex: He rinsed the lettuce leaves under the faucet to wash away any dirt or debris. 
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before Christ

marking the years before Christ's supposed birth

Ex: The ancient civilization of Mesopotamia flourished around 3000 BC. 
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cylinder
cylinder
[noun]

(geometry) a solid or hollow shape with two circular bases at each end and straight parallel sides

Ex: The glass on the table was in the shape of a tall, slender cylinder. 
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inscription

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

Ex: The inscription on the ancient stone tablet provided clues about the civilization's language and customs. 
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ash
ash
[noun]

a grey powder that is produced as a result of a substance getting burned

Ex: The campfire left a pile of ash on the ground. 
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reference
reference
[noun]

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

Ex: The article included several references to previous studies on the topic. 
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to bathe
to bathe
[Verb]

to wash or clean the body by putting it in water or pouring water over it

Ex: Every evening, she likes to bathe in a warm bubble bath to relax. 
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aesthetic
aesthetic
[Adjective]

relating to the enjoyment or appreciation of beauty or art, especially visual art

Ex: She has a great aesthetic sense when it comes to interior design. 
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apparently
apparently
[Adverb]

used to convey that something seems to be true based on the available evidence or information

Ex: He apparently left the office early today; his desk is empty. 
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block
block
[noun]

a large solid piece of material that is square or rectangular in shape and has flat sides

Ex: The children built a tower using wooden blocks. 
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pumice
pumice
[noun]

a volcanic stone that is used to rub and polish the skin in order to make it clean and smooth

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to anoint
to anoint
[Verb]

to apply oil, ointment, or a similar substance in a religious or ceremonial act

Ex: The priest anoints the sick with holy oil during the sacrament of anointing. 
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to scrape
to scrape
[Verb]

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

Ex: While cooking, he was scraping the burnt residue off the bottom of the pot. 
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instrument

a device or tool that requires specific knowledge on how to be used

Ex: The scientist used a complex instrument to measure the chemical reactions accurately. 
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stream
stream
[noun]

a small and narrow river that runs on or under the earth

Ex: The stream runs through the forest and into the lake. 
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to credit
to credit
[Verb]

to acknowledge someone as the source, agent, or possessor of an action, achievement, or quality

Ex: They credited the chef with the exquisite taste and presentation of the gourmet meal. 
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to tint
to tint
[Verb]

to color someone's hair using a chemical

Ex: She likes to tint her hair with subtle highlights. 
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legend
legend
[noun]

an old story that is sometimes considered historical although it is not usually proved to be true

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to sacrifice

to kill an animal or person as a religious act

Ex: The ancient Mayans would sacrifice animals to their gods during important rituals. 
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deposit
deposit
[noun]

a layer of matter that has been accumulated, particularly by a body of water

Ex: The geologist discovered a rich deposit of gold in the mountains. 
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soil
soil
[noun]

the black or brownish substance consisted of organic remains, rock particles, and clay that forms the upper layer of earth where trees or other plants grow

Ex: The gardeners enriched the soil with compost to improve plant growth. 
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civilization

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

Ex: Ancient Egypt is considered one of the greatest civilizations in history. 
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to advance

to move towards a goal or desired outcome

Ex: Despite facing challenges, the project continued to advance towards completion. 
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aqueduct
aqueduct
[noun]

a channel or pipeline used to transport water over a long distance, usually from a remote source to a town or city

Ex: The ancient Romans built aqueducts to supply their cities with water. 
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luxurious
luxurious
[Adjective]

extremely comfortable, elegant, and often made with high-quality materials or features

Ex: She indulged in a luxurious spa treatment, complete with massages and facials. 
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anno Domini
anno Domini
[Adverb]

used to refer to a date that is after the birth of Jesus Christ

Ex: The ancient city was founded in 753 BC and later became a significant hub during the Roman Empire, enduring until AD 476. 
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medicinal
medicinal
[Adjective]

having properties or qualities suitable for treating or curing illnesses or promoting health

Ex: She brewed a cup of medicinal tea to soothe her sore throat. 
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filth
filth
[noun]

any substance that is dirty, disgusting, or unpleasant

Ex: The abandoned building was overrun with filth, its floors littered with garbage and its walls coated in layers of grime. 
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unsanitary
unsanitary
[Adjective]

not sanitary or healthful

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outbreak
outbreak
[noun]

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

Ex: The sudden outbreak of the flu caused widespread panic in the city. 
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the Middle Ages

an era in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the authority of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was unquestionable

Ex: Castles and knights are iconic symbols of life during the Middle Ages. 
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black death

the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe

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established
established
[Adjective]

widely acknowledged as valid or customary

Ex: The established method for solving this mathematical problem has been taught in schools for decades. 
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craft
craft
[noun]

a practice requiring experience and skill, in which objects are made with one's hands

Ex: Pottery is a craft that has been practiced for thousands of years. 
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laundering

washing clothes and bed linens

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chemist
chemist
[noun]

a scientist who studies chemistry

Ex: As a chemist, he always wore safety goggles. 
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to patent
to patent
[Verb]

to officially grant legal rights for an invention, innovation, or process

Ex: The patent office patented the new solar panel design after reviewing the application. 
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soda ash
soda ash
[noun]

a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper

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alkali
alkali
[noun]

any water-soluble compound that can turn litmus blue and reacts with an acid to form a salt and water

Ex: Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkali commonly used in soap making. 
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glycerine
glycerine
[noun]

a sweet syrupy trihydroxy alcohol obtained by saponification of fats and oils

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fatty acid

a type of acid that is found in nuts, fish, some fruits, etc.

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basis
basis
[noun]

a consistent method, system, or way of doing something

Ex: The staff works on a voluntary basis for charity events. 
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to manufacture

to produce products in large quantities by using machinery

Ex: The company manufactures electronic devices, such as smartphones and tablets. 
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to regard as

to think of someone or something in a particular way

Ex: She regards him as a talented artist. 
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to tax
to tax
[Verb]

to impose a financial charge by the government on income, goods, services, or properties to generate revenue for public services and functions

Ex: Governments often tax income to generate revenue for public services and infrastructure. 
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readily
readily
[Adverb]

with little difficulty or trouble

Ex: The information was readily found online. 
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necessity
necessity
[noun]

a thing that is essential or required for basic living or functioning

Ex: Oxygen is a necessity for human life. 
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to reinforce

to enhance or make something more effective by providing additional resources, encouragement, or positive feedback

Ex: The teacher praised good behavior in class to reinforce it. 
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mild
mild
[Adjective]

having a gentle or not very strong effect

Ex: Her mild response to criticism shows her maturity. 
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turn of the century

the period from about ten years before to ten years after a new century

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excavation

the act of digging

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