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Kniha English File - Pokročilý - Lekce 3B

Zde najdete slovní zásobu z Lekce 3B v učebnici English File Advanced, jako je "svrhnout", "přeživší", "prohlásit" atd.

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English File - Advanced
to overthrow
to overthrow
[sloveso]

to forcefully remove a person of authority or power from their position

svrhnout, sesadit

svrhnout, sesadit

Ex: The leader was overthrown in a sudden and violent uprising. 

Vůdce byl svržen při náhlém a násilném povstání.

coup
coup
[Podstatné jméno]

a sudden illegal seizure of government power, often involving military force

státní převrat,  puč

státní převrat, puč

Ex: The country experienced years of instability following the coup. 
people
people
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of humans

lidé, národ

lidé, národ

Ex: It is important to listen to the voices of the people and address their concerns. 
event
event
[Podstatné jméno]

anything that takes place, particularly something important

událost, akce

událost, akce

Ex: The wedding was a joyous event that brought family and friends together. 
ally
ally
[Podstatné jméno]

a country that has agreed to support and help another country, especially during a war or conflict

spojenec,  spojenkyně

spojenec, spojenkyně

Ex: Several allies agreed to provide humanitarian assistance. 
civilian
civilian
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to people or activities that are not part of the armed forces

civilní,  nevojenský

civilní, nevojenský

Ex: The organization provides medical aid to the civilian population. 
commander
commander
[Podstatné jméno]

an officer who is in charge of a military unit, force, or operation

velitel,  komandér

velitel, komandér

Ex: The field commander requested additional supplies. 
force
force
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of trained and organized people such as the police, soldiers, etc.

síla

síla

Ex: The police force worked tirelessly to maintain law and order during the city-wide protests. 
refugee
refugee
[Podstatné jméno]

a person forced to leave their country or home to escape war, persecution, or serious danger

uprchlík,  běženec

uprchlík, běženec

Ex: The organization helps refugees find housing, education, and employment. 
sniper
sniper
[Podstatné jméno]

an individual who shoots at their targets from a concealed and, usually, far place

ostrostřelec, snajpr

ostrostřelec, snajpr

Ex: The sniper's role was to eliminate high-value targets from a concealed position, often from over a mile away. 

Úloha ostřelovače byla eliminovat vysokohodnotné cíle z ukryté pozice, často z více než míle vzdálené.

survivor
survivor
[Podstatné jméno]

someone or something that stays alive or continues to exist, particularly after nearly dying or an unpleasant event

přeživší, ten

přeživší, ten

Ex: The war survivor recounted his experiences, honoring the memory of those who did not make it through the conflict. 
wounded
wounded
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who has been hurt or injured, either physically or emotionally

zraněný, oběť

zraněný, oběť

Ex: Despite his injuries, the wounded soldier remained determined to recover and return to his unit. 

Navzdory svým zraněním zůstal zraněný voják odhodlán zotavit se a vrátit se ke své jednotce.

ceasefire
ceasefire
[Podstatné jméno]

a temporary peace during a battle or war when discussions regarding permanent peace is taking place

příměří, zastavení palby

příměří, zastavení palby

Ex: During the ceasefire, humanitarian aid was delivered to the affected areas. 

Během příměří byla humanitární pomoc doručena do postižených oblastí.

rebellion
rebellion
[Podstatné jméno]

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

vzpoura, povstání

vzpoura, povstání

Ex: The king tried to negotiate with the leaders of the rebellion. 
siege
siege
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of surrounding the enemy, a town, etc. and cutting off their supplies so that they would surrender

obležení, blokáda

obležení, blokáda

Ex: Historically, sieges have been a common tactic in warfare, used to conquer fortified positions or cities. 

Historicky byly obležení běžnou taktikou ve válce, používanou k dobytí opevněných pozic nebo měst.

to break out
to break out
[sloveso]

to free oneself from a place that one is being held against their will, such as a prison

utéct z vězení, uniknout z místa zadržení

utéct z vězení, uniknout z místa zadržení

Ex: The prisoners attempted to break out during the night. 

Vězni se v noci pokusili utéci.

to declare
to declare
[sloveso]

to officially tell people something

vyhlásit, prohlásit

vyhlásit, prohlásit

Ex: The country's leaders gathered to declare their independence from colonial rule. 
to defeat
to defeat
[sloveso]

to win against someone in a war, game, contest, etc.

porazit, překonat

porazit, překonat

Ex: The army worked together to defeat the enemy in a decisive battle. 
to release
to release
[sloveso]

to let someone leave a place in which they have been confined or stuck

propustit, vypustit

propustit, vypustit

Ex: The zoo decided to release the rehabilitated animals back into the wild. 
to retreat
to retreat
[sloveso]

(of military forces) to withdraw from a position, especially because of danger, defeat, or enemy pressure

ustoupit,  stáhnout se

ustoupit, stáhnout se

Ex: The commander ordered his forces to retreat before nightfall. 
shell
shell
[Podstatné jméno]

a component of ammunition that is loaded into a firearm, including a casing or a hull, gunpowder, a primer, and a projectile

střela, nábojnice

střela, nábojnice

Ex: The soldier carefully loaded the shell into the cannon, preparing for the next round of artillery fire. 
to surrender
to surrender
[sloveso]

to stop fighting or resisting and accept defeat

vzdát se

vzdát se

Ex: The rebels surrendered after running out of supplies. 
metaphorical
metaphorical
[Přídavné jméno]

using a word, phrase, etc. not for its ordinary meaning, but for the idea or symbol that it represents or suggests

metaforický, přenesený

metaforický, přenesený

Ex: The playwright employed metaphorical imagery to explore themes of love and betrayal. 

Dramatik použil metaforické obrazy k prozkoumání témat lásky a zrady.

conflict
conflict
[Podstatné jméno]

a disagreement or argument over something important

konflikt, nesouhlas

konflikt, nesouhlas

Ex: She avoided conflict by compromising early. 
warfare
warfare
[Podstatné jméno]

involvement in war, particularly using certain methods or weapons

válka, ozbrojený konflikt

válka, ozbrojený konflikt

Ex: Psychological warfare aims to demoralize the enemy, using propaganda and misinformation to weaken their resolve. 

Psychologická válka má za cíl demoralizovat nepřítele, využívá propagandu a dezinformace k oslabení jeho odhodlání.

to execute
to execute
[sloveso]

to kill someone as a legal punishment

popravit

popravit

Ex: She became the first woman to be executed in the country for decades. 
to blow up
to blow up
[sloveso]

to cause something to explode

vyhodit do povětří, odpálit

vyhodit do povětří, odpálit

Ex: The sudden impact blew the car up. 

Náhlý náraz vyhodil auto do vzduchu.

civil war
civil war
[Podstatné jméno]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

občanská válka, vnitřní konflikt

občanská válka, vnitřní konflikt

Ex: Civil wars typically arise from internal conflicts over political, social, or economic differences within a nation. 

Občanské války obvykle vznikají z vnitřních konfliktů kvůli politickým, sociálním nebo ekonomickým rozdílům v rámci národa.

revolution
revolution
[Podstatné jméno]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revoluce

revoluce

Ex: The revolution led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. 
troop
troop
[Podstatné jméno]

armed forces or soldiers, especially by large numbers

vojsko, sbor

vojsko, sbor

Ex: The general deployed an elite troop to the front lines to bolster the defensive positions. 
to capture
to capture
[sloveso]

to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner

chytit, zajmout

chytit, zajmout

Ex: The zookeepers capture wild animals for conservation purposes. 
loot
loot
[Podstatné jméno]

money, goods, or valuables that have been taken by force or through illegal means

kořist, lup

kořist, lup

Ex: The thieves were apprehended while attempting to smuggle the loot across the border, leading to their arrest. 

Zloději byli zadrženi při pokusu o pašování kořisti přes hranice, což vedlo k jejich zatčení.

treaty
treaty
[Podstatné jméno]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

smlouva

smlouva

Ex: The two countries signed a peace treaty to end decades of conflict and establish diplomatic relations. 
casualty
casualty
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who is injured or killed in a serious accident or disaster

zraněný,  oběť

zraněný, oběť

Ex: Rescue teams carried the casualties away from the crash site. 
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