English File - Advanced - Lesson 3B

Here you will find the vocabulary from Lesson 3B in the English File Advanced coursebook, such as "overthrow", "survivor", "declare", etc.

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to overthrow [verb]

to forcefully remove a person of authority or power from their position

Ex: The rebels strategically planned to overthrow the dictator and bring about political change .

coup [noun]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

Ex: International condemnation followed the military 's coup d'état , urging a return to democratic governance .

people [noun]

a group of humans

Ex: People around the world enjoy various forms of music as a universal language .

event [noun]

anything that takes place, particularly something important

Ex:

ally [noun]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

Ex: As an ally , they agreed to assist in military operations and share intelligence .

civilian [adjective]

relating to a person who is not a member of the military or police force and does not hold an official position in the government

Ex:

commander [noun]

an officer in charge of a military operation or a group of soldiers

Ex: The commander issued a direct order to advance , knowing that hesitation could cost them the battle .

force [noun]

a group of trained and organized people such as the police, soldiers, etc.

Ex: The fire department force demonstrated incredible bravery and teamwork while extinguishing the massive blaze .

refugee [noun]

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

Ex: The international community mobilized to support refugees displaced by the conflict .

sniper [noun]

an individual who shoots at their targets from a concealed and, usually, far place

Ex: The sniper 's accuracy and stealth were unmatched , making him a valuable asset in covert operations .

survivor [noun]

someone or something that stays alive or continues to exist, particularly after nearly dying or an unpleasant event

Ex: He was the sole survivor of the shipwreck , stranded on a deserted island for weeks before being rescued .

wounded [noun]

someone who has been hurt or injured, either physically or emotionally

Ex:

ceasefire [noun]

a temporary peace during a battle or war when discussions regarding permanent peace is taking place

Ex: Both armies respected the ceasefire and halted their attacks .

rebellion [noun]

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

Ex: The leaders of the rebellion were captured and put on trial .

siege [noun]

the act of surrounding the enemy, a town, etc. and cutting off their supplies so that they would surrender

Ex: The castle withstood a fierce siege for months before finally surrendering to the invading army .

to break out [verb]

to free oneself from a place that one is being held against their will, such as a prison

Ex:

to declare [verb]

to officially tell people something

Ex: The president addressed the nation to formally declare war against the aggressor .

to defeat [verb]

to win against someone in a war, game, contest, etc.

Ex: Athletes train rigorously to defeat their competitors and achieve success in the competition .

to release [verb]

to let someone leave a place in which they have been confined or stuck

Ex: They released the bird from the cage , and it flew away happily .

to retreat [verb]

(of military) to move away in order to escape the danger because one has been defeated or is weak

Ex: The army had no choice but to retreat as the enemy 's advance became too formidable .

shell [noun]

a component of ammunition that is loaded into a firearm, including a casing or a hull, gunpowder, a primer, and a projectile

Ex: The shell casing was found at the crime scene , providing a crucial piece of evidence for the investigators .

to surrender [verb]

to give up resistance or stop fighting against an enemy or opponent

Ex: The besieged fortress eventually had to surrender due to a lack of supplies .

metaphorical [adjective]

using a word, phrase, etc. not for its ordinary meaning, but for the idea or symbol that it represents or suggests

Ex: The artist 's paintings were metaphorical representations of the human condition .

conflict [noun]

a disagreement or argument over something important

Ex: The conflict between the two countries escalated into a full-scale war .

warfare [noun]

involvement in war, particularly using certain methods or weapons

Ex: Guerrilla warfare tactics were employed by the resistance to effectively harass and undermine the occupying forces .

to execute [verb]

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

Ex: The controversial practice of executing prisoners by firing squad has been abolished in many places due to ethical concerns .

to blow up [verb]

to cause something to explode

Ex:

civil war [noun]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

Ex: Civil wars often result in devastating consequences for the affected country , including loss of life and destruction of infrastructure .

revolution [noun]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

Ex: The revolution was sparked by widespread discontent with the oppressive regime .

troop [noun]

armed forces or soldiers, especially by large numbers

Ex: The rescue mission required the mobilization of a specialized troop trained for high-risk operations .

to capture [verb]

to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner

Ex: The soldiers are capturing enemy combatants during the mission .

loot [noun]

money, goods, or valuables that have been taken by force or through illegal means

Ex: During the raid , the invaders amassed a significant amount of loot , which included gold , jewels , and rare artifacts .

treaty [noun]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

Ex: The environmental treaty aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect biodiversity .

casualty [noun]

someone who is killed or wounded during a war or an accident

Ex: The military operation was deemed successful , but the casualty report revealed a heartbreaking loss of life among both soldiers and innocent bystanders .

English File - Advanced
Lesson 1A	Lesson 1B	Lesson 2A	Lesson 2B
Lesson 3A	Lesson 3B	Lesson 4A	Lesson 4B
Lesson 5A	Lesson 5B	Lesson 6A	Lesson 6B
Lesson 7A	Lesson 7B	Lesson 8A	Lesson 8B
Lesson 9A	Lesson 9B	Lesson 10A	Lesson 10B