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El libro English File - Avanzado - Lección 3B

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Lección 3B del libro de curso English File Advanced, como "derrocar", "superviviente", "declarar", etc.

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English File - Advanced
to overthrow

to forcefully remove a person of authority or power from their position

derrocar

derrocar

Ex: The rebels strategically planned to overthrow the dictator and bring about political change. 

Los rebeldes planearon estratégicamente derrocar al dictador y provocar un cambio político.

coup
coup
[Sustantivo]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

golpe de estado

golpe de estado

Ex: International condemnation followed the military's coup d'état, urging a return to democratic governance. 

La condena internacional siguió al golpe de Estado militar, instando a un retorno a la gobernanza democrática.

people
people
[Sustantivo]

a group of humans

gente

gente

Ex: People around the world enjoy various forms of music as a universal language. 

Las personas de todo el mundo disfrutan de diversas formas de música como un lenguaje universal.

event
event
[Sustantivo]

anything that takes place, particularly something important

acontecimiento

acontecimiento

Ex: The company hosted a networking event to connect professionals in the industry. 

La empresa organizó un evento de networking para conectar a los profesionales de la industria.

ally
ally
[Sustantivo]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

aliado

aliado

Ex: As an ally, they agreed to assist in military operations and share intelligence. 

Como aliado, acordaron asistir en operaciones militares y compartir inteligencia.

civilian
civilian
[Adjetivo]

relating to a person who is not a member of the military or police force and does not hold an official position in the government

civil

civil

Ex: The civilian casualties in the conflict sparked international concern and condemnation. 

Las víctimas civiles en el conflicto provocaron preocupación y condena internacional.

commander
commander
[Sustantivo]

an officer in charge of a military operation or a group of soldiers

comandante

comandante

Ex: The commander issued a direct order to advance, knowing that hesitation could cost them the battle. 

El comandante emitió una orden directa de avanzar, sabiendo que la vacilación podría costarles la batalla.

force
force
[Sustantivo]

a group of trained and organized people such as the police, soldiers, etc.

fuerza

fuerza

Ex: The fire department force demonstrated incredible bravery and teamwork while extinguishing the massive blaze. 

La fuerza del departamento de bomberos demostró una valentía y trabajo en equipo increíbles mientras extinguían el enorme incendio.

refugee
refugee
[Sustantivo]

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

refugiado

refugiado

Ex: The international community mobilized to support refugees displaced by the conflict. 

La comunidad internacional se movilizó para apoyar a los refugiados desplazados por el conflicto.

sniper
sniper
[Sustantivo]

an individual who shoots at their targets from a concealed and, usually, far place

francotirador, tirador selecto

francotirador, tirador selecto

Ex: The sniper's accuracy and stealth were unmatched, making him a valuable asset in covert operations. 

La precisión y el sigilo del francotirador no tenían igual, lo que lo convertía en un activo valioso en operaciones encubiertas.

survivor
survivor
[Sustantivo]

someone or something that stays alive or continues to exist, particularly after nearly dying or an unpleasant event

superviviente, sobreviviente

superviviente, sobreviviente

Ex: He was the sole survivor of the shipwreck, stranded on a deserted island for weeks before being rescued. 

Él fue el único superviviente del naufragio, varado en una isla desierta durante semanas antes de ser rescatado.

wounded
wounded
[Sustantivo]

someone who has been hurt or injured, either physically or emotionally

herido, afectado

herido, afectado

Ex: Volunteers arrived at the scene to provide support and comfort to the wounded and their families. 

Los voluntarios llegaron al lugar para brindar apoyo y consuelo a los heridos y a sus familias.

ceasefire
ceasefire
[Sustantivo]

a temporary peace during a battle or war when discussions regarding permanent peace is taking place

alto el fuego, cese del fuego

alto el fuego, cese del fuego

Ex: Both armies respected the ceasefire and halted their attacks. 

Ambos ejércitos respetaron el alto el fuego y detuvieron sus ataques.

rebellion
rebellion
[Sustantivo]

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

rebelión

rebelión

Ex: The leaders of the rebellion were captured and put on trial. 

Los líderes de la rebelión fueron capturados y llevados a juicio.

siege
siege
[Sustantivo]

the act of surrounding the enemy, a town, etc. and cutting off their supplies so that they would surrender

sitio

sitio

Ex: The castle withstood a fierce siege for months before finally surrendering to the invading army. 

El castillo resistió un asedio feroz durante meses antes de finalmente rendirse al ejército invasor.

to break out

to free oneself from a place that one is being held against their will, such as a prison

escaparse, fugarse

escaparse, fugarse

Ex: The fugitive managed to break out using a hidden tunnel. 

El fugitivo logró escapar usando un túnel oculto.

to declare
to declare
[Verbo]

to officially tell people something

declarar, manifestar

declarar, manifestar

Ex: The president addressed the nation to formally declare war against the aggressor. 

El presidente se dirigió a la nación para declarar formalmente la guerra contra el agresor.

to defeat
to defeat
[Verbo]

to win against someone in a war, game, contest, etc.

derrotar, vencer

derrotar, vencer

Ex: Athletes train rigorously to defeat their competitors and achieve success in the competition. 

Los atletas entrenan rigurosamente para derrotar a sus competidores y lograr el éxito en la competencia.

to release
to release
[Verbo]

to let someone leave a place in which they have been confined or stuck

liberar

liberar

Ex: They released the bird from the cage, and it flew away happily. 

Liberaron al pájaro de la jaula, y voló felizmente.

to retreat
to retreat
[Verbo]

(of military) to move away in order to escape the danger because one has been defeated or is weak

retirarse, retroceder

retirarse, retroceder

Ex: The army had no choice but to retreat as the enemy's advance became too formidable. 

El ejército no tuvo más remedio que retirarse cuando el avance del enemigo se volvió demasiado formidable.

shell
shell
[Sustantivo]

a component of ammunition that is loaded into a firearm, including a casing or a hull, gunpowder, a primer, and a projectile

proyectil, cartucho

proyectil, cartucho

Ex: The shell casing was found at the crime scene, providing a crucial piece of evidence for the investigators. 

El casquillo fue encontrado en la escena del crimen, proporcionando una pieza crucial de evidencia para los investigadores.

to surrender

to give up resistance or stop fighting against an enemy or opponent

rendirse

rendirse

Ex: The besieged fortress eventually had to surrender due to a lack of supplies. 

La fortaleza asediada finalmente tuvo que rendirse debido a la falta de suministros.

metaphorical
metaphorical
[Adjetivo]

using a word, phrase, etc. not for its ordinary meaning, but for the idea or symbol that it represents or suggests

metafórico, figurado

metafórico, figurado

Ex: The artist's paintings were metaphorical representations of the human condition. 

Las pinturas del artista eran representaciones metafóricas de la condición humana.

conflict
conflict
[Sustantivo]

a disagreement or argument over something important

conflicto

conflicto

Ex: Their conflict was resolved through negotiation. 

Su conflicto se resolvió mediante la negociación.

warfare
warfare
[Sustantivo]

involvement in war, particularly using certain methods or weapons

guerra

guerra

Ex: Guerrilla warfare tactics were employed by the resistance to effectively harass and undermine the occupying forces. 

Las tácticas de guerra de guerrillas fueron empleadas por la resistencia para acosar y socavar eficazmente a las fuerzas ocupantes.

to execute
to execute
[Verbo]

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

ejecutar

ejecutar

Ex: The controversial practice of executing prisoners by firing squad has been abolished in many places due to ethical concerns. 

La práctica controvertida de ejecutar a prisioneros por pelotón de fusilamiento ha sido abolida en muchos lugares debido a preocupaciones éticas.

to blow up
to blow up
[Verbo]

to cause something to explode

hacer explotar, volar

hacer explotar, volar

Ex: The terrorist attempted to blow the bridge up, but security intervened. 

El terrorista intentó hacer estallar el puente, pero la seguridad intervino.

civil war
civil war
[Sustantivo]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

guerra civil

guerra civil

Ex: Civil wars often result in devastating consequences for the affected country, including loss of life and destruction of infrastructure. 

Las guerras civiles a menudo resultan en consecuencias devastadoras para el país afectado, incluyendo pérdida de vidas y destrucción de infraestructura.

revolution
revolution
[Sustantivo]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolución

revolución

Ex: The revolution was sparked by widespread discontent with the oppressive regime. 

La revolución fue provocada por un descontento generalizado con el régimen opresivo.

troop
troop
[Sustantivo]

armed forces or soldiers, especially by large numbers

tropa

tropa

Ex: The rescue mission required the mobilization of a specialized troop trained for high-risk operations. 

La misión de rescate requirió la movilización de una tropa especializada entrenada para operaciones de alto riesgo.

to capture
to capture
[Verbo]

to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner

capturar

capturar

Ex: The soldiers are capturing enemy combatants during the mission. 

Los soldados están capturando a los combatientes enemigos durante la misión.

loot
loot
[Sustantivo]

money, goods, or valuables that have been taken by force or through illegal means

botín, lana

botín, lana

Ex: During the raid, the invaders amassed a significant amount of loot, which included gold, jewels, and rare artifacts. 

Durante el asalto, los invasores acumularon una cantidad significativa de botín, que incluía oro, joyas y artefactos raros.

treaty
treaty
[Sustantivo]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

tratado

tratado

Ex: The environmental treaty aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect biodiversity. 

El tratado ambiental tenía como objetivo reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y proteger la biodiversidad.

casualty
casualty
[Sustantivo]

someone who is killed or wounded during a war or an accident

baja

baja

Ex: The military operation was deemed successful, but the casualty report revealed a heartbreaking loss of life among both soldiers and innocent bystanders. 

La operación militar fue considerada exitosa, pero el informe de bajas reveló una pérdida de vida desgarradora tanto entre soldados como entre transeúntes inocentes.

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