Buku English File - Lanjutan - Pelajaran 3B

Di sini Anda akan menemukan kosakata dari Pelajaran 3B dalam buku kursus English File Advanced, seperti "menggulingkan", "penyintas", "mendeklarasikan", dll.

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Mulai belajar

to overthrow

[kata kerja]

to forcefully remove a person of authority or power from their position

menggulingkan, menjatuhkan

Ex: The leader was overthrown in a sudden and violent uprising .Pemimpin itu **digulingkan** dalam pemberontakan yang tiba-tiba dan keras.

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coup

[Kata benda]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

kudeta

Ex: The country 's history was marked by several unsuccessful coup attempts during its transition to democracy .Sejarah negara ini ditandai oleh beberapa upaya **kudeta** yang tidak berhasil selama transisinya menuju demokrasi.

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people

[Kata benda]

a group of humans

orang, rakyat

Ex: The people gathered in the town square to celebrate the victory .**Orang-orang** berkumpul di alun-alun kota untuk merayakan kemenangan.

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event

[Kata benda]

anything that takes place, particularly something important

acara, peristiwa

Ex: Graduation day is a significant event in the lives of students and their families .Hari kelulusan adalah **acara** yang penting dalam kehidupan siswa dan keluarga mereka.

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ally

[Kata benda]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

sekutu, mitra

Ex: Even in peacetime, the two countries remained close allies, working together on economic and environmental issues.Bahkan di masa damai, kedua negara tetap menjadi **sekutu** dekat, bekerja sama dalam masalah ekonomi dan lingkungan.

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civilian

[Adjektiva]

relating to a person who is not a member of the military or police force and does not hold an official position in the government

sipil, sipil

Ex: He served as a civilian volunteer , helping to distribute food and supplies to those in need .Dia bertugas sebagai relawan **sipil**, membantu mendistribusikan makanan dan perlengkapan kepada mereka yang membutuhkan.

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commander

[Kata benda]

an officer in charge of a military operation or a group of soldiers

komandan, pemimpin

Ex: In times of crisis , the commander's calm demeanor and quick decision-making were crucial to their survival .Di saat krisis, sikap tenang dan pengambilan keputusan cepat sang **komandan** sangat penting untuk kelangsungan hidup mereka.

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force

[Kata benda]

a group of trained and organized people such as the police, soldiers, etc.

kekuatan

Ex: The peacekeeping force was sent to the war-torn region to help stabilize the area and provide humanitarian aid .Pasukan penjaga perdamaian dikirim ke wilayah yang dilanda perang untuk membantu menstabilkan daerah tersebut dan memberikan bantuan kemanusiaan.

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refugee

[Kata benda]

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

pengungsi, pengungsi

Ex: The refugee crisis prompted discussions on humanitarian aid and global responsibility .Krisis **pengungsi** memicu diskusi tentang bantuan kemanusiaan dan tanggung jawab global.

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sniper

[Kata benda]

an individual who shoots at their targets from a concealed and, usually, far place

penembak jitu, sniper

Ex: The sniper's role was to eliminate high-value targets from a concealed position , often from over a mile away .Peran **penembak jitu** adalah untuk menghilangkan target bernilai tinggi dari posisi tersembunyi, seringkali dari jarak lebih dari satu mil.

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survivor

[Kata benda]

someone or something that stays alive or continues to exist, particularly after nearly dying or an unpleasant event

penyintas, orang yang selamat

Ex: The war survivor recounted his experiences , honoring the memory of those who did not make it through the conflict .**Penyintas** perang menceritakan pengalamannya, menghormati memori mereka yang tidak selamat dari konflik.

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wounded

[Kata benda]

someone who has been hurt or injured, either physically or emotionally

terluka, korban

Ex: Despite his injuries, the wounded soldier remained determined to recover and return to his unit.Meskipun luka-lukanya, prajurit **terluka** itu tetap bertekad untuk pulih dan kembali ke unitnya.

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ceasefire

[Kata benda]

a temporary peace during a battle or war when discussions regarding permanent peace is taking place

gencatan senjata, gencatan perang

Ex: During the ceasefire, humanitarian aid was delivered to the affected areas .Selama **gencatan senjata**, bantuan kemanusiaan dikirim ke daerah yang terkena dampak.

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rebellion

[Kata benda]

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

pemberontakan, rebellion

Ex: The king tried to negotiate with the leaders of the rebellion.Raja mencoba bernegosiasi dengan para pemimpin **pemberontakan**.

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siege

[Kata benda]

the act of surrounding the enemy, a town, etc. and cutting off their supplies so that they would surrender

pengepungan, pemblokiran

Ex: Historically , sieges have been a common tactic in warfare , used to conquer fortified positions or cities .Secara historis, **pengepungan** telah menjadi taktik umum dalam perang, digunakan untuk menaklukkan posisi atau kota yang dibentengi.

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to break out

[kata kerja]

to free oneself from a place that one is being held against their will, such as a prison

kabur, melarikan diri

Ex: The infamous criminal plotted for years to break out.Penjahat **terkenal** itu merencanakan selama bertahun-tahun untuk **melarikan diri**.

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to declare

[kata kerja]

to officially tell people something

mendeklarasikan, memproklamasikan

Ex: He declared his intention to run for mayor in the upcoming election .Dia **menyatakan** niatnya untuk mencalonkan diri sebagai walikota dalam pemilihan mendatang.

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to defeat

[kata kerja]

to win against someone in a war, game, contest, etc.

mengalahkan, memenangkan

Ex: Teams relentlessly competed , and one eventually defeated the other to advance .Tim-tim bersaing tanpa henti, dan satu akhirnya **mengalahkan** yang lain untuk maju.

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to release

[kata kerja]

to let someone leave a place in which they have been confined or stuck

melepaskan, membebaskan

Ex: Authorities agreed to release the refugees from the holding facility .Pihak berwenang setuju untuk **melepaskan** para pengungsi dari fasilitas penahanan.

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to retreat

[kata kerja]

(of military) to move away in order to escape the danger because one has been defeated or is weak

mundur, menarik diri

Ex: The forces strategically retreated to draw the enemy into less advantageous territory .Pasukan secara strategis **mundur** untuk menarik musuh ke wilayah yang kurang menguntungkan.

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shell

[Kata benda]

a component of ammunition that is loaded into a firearm, including a casing or a hull, gunpowder, a primer, and a projectile

peluru, selongsong

Ex: The shell burst upon impact , causing a massive explosion and creating a significant crater in the ground .**Peluru** meledak saat tumbukan, menyebabkan ledakan besar dan menciptakan kawah yang signifikan di tanah.

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to surrender

[kata kerja]

to give up resistance or stop fighting against an enemy or opponent

menyerah, bertekuk lutut

Ex: The general often surrenders to avoid unnecessary conflict .Jenderal sering **menyerah** untuk menghindari konflik yang tidak perlu.

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metaphorical

[Adjektiva]

using a word, phrase, etc. not for its ordinary meaning, but for the idea or symbol that it represents or suggests

metaforis, kiasan

Ex: The playwright employed metaphorical imagery to explore themes of love and betrayal .Penulis drama menggunakan citra **metaforis** untuk mengeksplorasi tema cinta dan pengkhianatan.

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conflict

[Kata benda]

a serious disagreement or argument, often involving opposing interests or ideas

konflik

Ex: The internal conflict within the organization affected its overall efficiency and morale.**Konflik** internal di dalam organisasi memengaruhi efisiensi dan moral secara keseluruhan.

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warfare

[Kata benda]

involvement in war, particularly using certain methods or weapons

perang, konflik bersenjata

Ex: Psychological warfare aims to demoralize the enemy, using propaganda and misinformation to weaken their resolve.Perang psikologis bertujuan untuk merusak moral musuh, menggunakan propaganda dan misinformasi untuk melemahkan tekad mereka.

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to execute

[kata kerja]

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

mengeksekusi, melaksanakan hukuman mati

Ex: International human rights organizations often condemn governments that execute individuals without fair trials or proper legal representation .Organisasi hak asasi manusia internasional sering mengutuk pemerintah yang **mengeksekusi** individu tanpa pengadilan yang adil atau perwakilan hukum yang tepat.

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to blow up

[kata kerja]

to cause something to explode

meledakkan, menghancurkan

Ex: The dynamite was used to blow the tunnel entrance up.Dinamit digunakan untuk **meledakkan** pintu masuk terowongan.

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civil war

[Kata benda]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

perang saudara, konflik internal

Ex: Civil wars typically arise from internal conflicts over political , social , or economic differences within a nation .**Perang saudara** biasanya timbul dari konflik internal atas perbedaan politik, sosial, atau ekonomi dalam suatu bangsa.

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revolution

[Kata benda]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolusi

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .

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troop

[Kata benda]

armed forces or soldiers, especially by large numbers

pasukan, tentara

Ex: The troop advanced through the dense forest , maintaining communication and coordination to ensure their safety .**Pasukan** maju melalui hutan lebat, mempertahankan komunikasi dan koordinasi untuk memastikan keselamatan mereka.

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to capture

[kata kerja]

to catch an animal or a person and keep them as a prisoner

menangkap, menahan

Ex: Last year , the researchers captured a specimen of a rare butterfly species .Tahun lalu, para peneliti **menangkap** spesimen dari spesies kupu-kupu langka.

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loot

[Kata benda]

money, goods, or valuables that have been taken by force or through illegal means

jarahan, rampasan

Ex: The thieves were apprehended while attempting to smuggle the loot across the border , leading to their arrest .Para pencuri ditangkap saat mencoba menyelundupkan **barang curian** melintasi perbatasan, yang mengakibatkan penangkapan mereka.

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treaty

[Kata benda]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

perjanjian

Ex: The extradition treaty allowed for the transfer of criminals between the two countries to face justice .**Perjanjian** ekstradisi memungkinkan transfer penjahat antara dua negara untuk menghadapi keadilan.

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casualty

[Kata benda]

someone who is killed or wounded during a war or an accident

korban, terluka

Ex: The humanitarian organization released a statement highlighting the growing casualty numbers in the war-torn area , calling for immediate international assistance .Organisasi kemanusiaan mengeluarkan pernyataan yang menyoroti meningkatnya jumlah **korban** di daerah yang dilanda perang, menyerukan bantuan internasional segera.

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