IELTS普通词汇 (分数8-9) - 社会与社会活动

在这里，您将学习一些与Society和Social Events相关的英语单词，这些单词是General Training IELTS考试所必需的。

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (8-9)

rat race

[名词]

a draining and stressful lifestyle that consists of constantly competing with others for success, wealth, power, etc. and so leaving no room for rest and pleasure

老鼠赛跑, 激烈竞争的生活

Ex: She has been stuck in the rat race for years , working long hours and sacrificing her personal life for her career .她多年来一直困在**老鼠赛跑**中，长时间工作并为事业牺牲个人生活。

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anomie

[名词]

a state of having no moral or social principles

失范, 缺乏道德或社会原则

Ex: Addressing anomie requires strengthening social bonds , promoting a sense of community , and providing support networks to help individuals navigate periods of uncertainty and change .

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caste

[名词]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

种姓, 种姓制度

Ex: Efforts to address caste-based discrimination require legislative measures, educational reforms, and social awareness campaigns to promote equality and inclusivity.解决基于**种姓**的歧视问题需要立法措施、教育改革和社会意识宣传活动来促进平等和包容性。

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sorority

[名词]

a social club for female students in a university or college, especially in the US and Canada

姐妹会, 女生联谊会

Ex: Sorority recruitment is a competitive process where potential new members visit different chapters to find the one that best fits their personality and goals .**女生联谊会**招募是一个竞争激烈的过程，潜在的新成员会访问不同的分会，以找到最适合她们个性和目标的分会。

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ally

[名词]

someone who helps or supports someone else in certain activities or against someone else

盟友, 支持者

Ex: The superhero teamed up with his former enemy to defeat a common threat, proving that sometimes even foes can become allies.超级英雄与他以前的敌人联手击败了一个共同的威胁，证明有时甚至敌人也能成为**盟友**。

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civics

[名词]

the study of the rights and responsibilities of citizens in society

公民教育, 公民学

Ex: Civics education is not only about understanding government institutions but also about developing critical thinking skills , empathy , and a sense of social responsibility .**公民**教育不仅关乎理解政府机构，还关乎培养批判性思维技能、同理心和社会责任感。

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denizen

[名词]

a resident in a particular place

居民, 居住者

Ex: The ancient ruins were once inhabited by the denizens of a long-forgotten civilization , leaving behind traces of their existence for archaeologists to uncover .这些古代遗迹曾是一个早已被遗忘的文明的**居民**所居住，留下了他们存在的痕迹供考古学家发现。

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global village

[名词]

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

地球村, 全球村

Ex: The concept of the global village emphasizes the need for cooperation and collaboration among nations to address common challenges and promote peace and prosperity for all .**地球村**的概念强调了国家间合作与协作的必要性，以应对共同挑战并促进所有人的和平与繁荣。

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grass roots

[名词]

the ordinary people with a common interest who form the foundation of a movement, organization, or political party

基层, 基层运动

Ex: Grassroots organizing empowers regular people to have a voice in shaping policies and decisions that affect their lives.**基层**组织使普通人能够在影响他们生活的政策和决策的制定中拥有发言权。

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intersectionality

[名词]

a concept that recognizes how different forms of discrimination and oppression, such as race, gender, and class, interact with each other

交叉性, 交叉性方法

Ex: Intersectionality challenges us to recognize the interconnectedness of social issues and to advocate for justice and equality for all individuals , regardless of their intersecting identities .**交叉性**挑战我们去认识社会问题的相互联系，并倡导为所有个体的正义和平等，无论他们的交叉身份如何。

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othering

[名词]

the act of defining and labeling individuals or groups as different from oneself or the dominant social group

他者化, 排斥

Ex: Othering is a pervasive phenomenon that occurs in various contexts, including politics, media, and everyday interactions, and requires ongoing efforts to dismantle stereotypes and promote inclusivity.**他者化**是一种普遍存在的现象，发生在包括政治、媒体和日常互动在内的各种背景下，需要持续的努力来消除刻板印象并促进包容性。

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polity

[名词]

a political organization of a group of people with a shared identity that is part of a larger political system itself

政体, 政治组织

Ex: The European Union is a supranational polity composed of member states that have agreed to share sovereignty in certain areas of governance .欧盟是一个由成员国组成的超国家**政治组织**，这些成员国同意在治理的某些领域共享主权。

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senior citizen

[名词]

an old person, especially someone who is retired

老年人, 退休人员

Ex: The new policy aims to improve healthcare access for senior citizens across the country .新政策旨在改善全国**老年人**的医疗保健服务。

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commoner

[名词]

a person that does not belong to the upper class of the society

平民, 普通人

Ex: Commoners have historically been excluded from positions of political power and influence , but democratic reforms have gradually expanded political participation and representation for all citizens .**平民**历史上一直被排除在政治权力和影响力的职位之外，但民主改革逐渐扩大了所有公民的政治参与和代表权。

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inferior

[名词]

a person with a lower position than someone else

下属, 下级

Ex: Overcoming the stigma of being labeled an inferior required resilience, determination, and collective action to challenge oppressive systems of hierarchy and inequality.克服被贴上**低等**标签的污名需要韧性、决心和集体行动来挑战压迫性的等级和不平等制度。

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vigil

[名词]

the act of staying awake at night for religious purposes or to protest against something

守夜, vigil

Ex: The community organized a prayer vigil to show support for those affected by the recent natural disaster and to offer comfort and solidarity .社区组织了一次**守夜**活动，以表示对最近自然灾害受影响者的支持，并提供安慰和团结。

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panel

[名词]

a group of people with special skills or knowledge who have been brought together to discuss, give advice, or make a decision about an issue

小组, 专家小组

Ex: The panel's recommendations will help shape the new regulations .**小组**的建议将有助于塑造新法规。

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fundraiser

[名词]

a social event held with the intention of raising money for a charity or political party

筹款活动, 慈善活动

Ex: The fundraiser exceeded its fundraising goals , thanks to the generosity of donors and the hard work of organizers and volunteers .**筹款活动**由于捐助者的慷慨以及组织者和志愿者的辛勤工作，超出了其筹款目标。

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gala

[名词]

a splendid public celebration

盛会

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soiree

[名词]

an elegant gathering or party that is usually held in the evening

晚会

Ex: Couples danced the night away at the romantic candlelit soiree, creating unforgettable memories with friends and loved ones .情侣们在浪漫的烛光**晚会**上跳舞到深夜，与朋友和爱人创造了难忘的回忆。

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public spirit

[名词]

a sense of community concern and willingness to contribute to the public good

公共精神, 公益意识

Ex: Educational programs and civic engagement initiatives play a vital role in nurturing public spirit and fostering active citizenship among citizens of all ages .教育计划和公民参与倡议在培养所有年龄段公民的**公共精神**和促进积极公民意识方面发挥着至关重要的作用。

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social capital

[名词]

the collective value of social networks and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other

社会资本, 关系资本

Ex: Building social capital requires investment in community-building activities, such as volunteering, civic engagement, and social gatherings, that strengthen relationships and foster a sense of belonging.建立**社会资本**需要投资于社区建设活动，如志愿服务、公民参与和社交聚会，这些活动可以加强关系并培养归属感。

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IELTS普通词汇 (分数8-9)

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IELTS普通词汇 (分数8-9) - 社会与社会活动