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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic - Test 1 - Čtení - Úryvek 2

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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic
automotive
automotive
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the design, development, and maintenance of cars and other vehicles

automobilový,  vozidlový

automobilový, vozidlový

to adapt
to adapt
[sloveso]

to change one's behavior or habits in order to deal successfully with a new situation or environment

přizpůsobit se,  adaptovat se

přizpůsobit se, adaptovat se

Ex: The animals gradually adapted to the colder climate. 
automation
automation
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of machines and computers in a production process that was formerly operated by people

automatizace

automatizace

implementation
implementation
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of putting a plan, decision, system, or policy into practical effect

implementace,  provedení

implementace, provedení

Ex: Implementation of the safety program begins next month. 
reliability
reliability
[Podstatné jméno]

the level to which something or someone can be counted on

spolehlivost

spolehlivost

flexibility
flexibility
[Podstatné jméno]

the ability to change or adapt easily to different needs, conditions, or circumstances

flexibilita, přizpůsobivost

flexibilita, přizpůsobivost

Ex: We need some flexibility because the schedule may change at short notice. 
contribution
contribution
[Podstatné jméno]

someone or something's role in achieving a specific result, particularly a positive one

příspěvek

příspěvek

Ex: Everyone's contribution helped the project succeed. 
assistance
assistance
[Podstatné jméno]

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

pomoc, podpora

pomoc, podpora

Ex: Her notes were a useful assistance when I prepared for the exam. 
to gather
to gather
[sloveso]

to gradually increase in speed, strength, or intensity

hromadit, získat

hromadit, získat

Ex: The wind began to gather strength as the storm approached. 
to cite
to cite
[sloveso]

to mention something as an example, reason, or evidence in support of a statement or argument

citovat, uvádět

citovat, uvádět

Ex: Critics often cite this case as an example of poor management. 
motive
motive
[Podstatné jméno]

a reason, intention, or desire that causes someone to act in a particular way

motiv,  pohnutka

motiv, pohnutka

Ex: His motives for helping the family seemed entirely sincere. 
to demonstrate

to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

demonstrovat, dokázat

demonstrovat, dokázat

Ex: The scientist demonstrated the effectiveness of the new drug through a series of experiments. 
collision
collision
[Podstatné jméno]

an accident that occurs when two or more objects, often in motion, come into violent contact with each other, resulting in damage or destruction

kolize, nehoda

kolize, nehoda

Ex: There was a minor collision in the parking lot when two cars backed into each other. 

Na parkovišti došlo k menší kolizi, když dvě auta couvala do sebe.

incidence
incidence
[Podstatné jméno]

the rate or frequency at which something occurs

incidence, frekvence

incidence, frekvence

Ex: The study examined the incidence of workplace injuries over a ten-year period. 
to socialize
to socialize
[sloveso]

to interact and spend time with people

socializovat, stýkat se

socializovat, stýkat se

Ex: Last weekend, they promptly socialized at a family gathering. 

Minulý víkend se rychle socializovali na rodinném setkání.

proportion
proportion
[Podstatné jméno]

the result obtained when one quantity considered in relation to the whole

poměr

poměr

Ex: The recipe requires a precise proportion of flour to sugar for the cake to turn out perfectly. 
institute
institute
[Podstatné jméno]

an organization focused on a specific field of study or training, offering programs and services related to science, technology, medicine, business, or the arts

ústav, institut

ústav, institut

Ex: The training institute attracts students from across the country. 
to investigate

to examine something scientifically, typically to discover facts or evidence

zkoumat, vyšetřovat

zkoumat, vyšetřovat

Ex: The researchers will investigate the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems. 
modeling
modeling
[Podstatné jméno]

the practice of making something on a smaller scale

modelování

modelování

Ex: Modeling historical battles in miniature helps historians and educators visualize and teach about past events. 

Modelování historických bitev v miniaturním provedení pomáhá historikům a pedagogům vizualizovat a učit o minulých událostech.

mileage
mileage
[Podstatné jméno]

distance measured in miles

najeté kilometry, vzdálenost v mílích

najeté kilometry, vzdálenost v mílích

intensively
intensively
[Příslovce]

in a highly thorough, detailed, or forceful manner

intenzivně, silně

intenzivně, silně

Ex: The issue was intensively discussed at the meeting. 

Problém byl na schůzce intenzivně diskutován.

to prompt
to prompt
[sloveso]

to cause an event, reaction, or situation to occur

vyvolat,  podnítit

vyvolat, podnítit

Ex: Rising costs prompted changes in the company's strategy. 
to tend
to tend
[sloveso]

to be likely to develop or occur in a certain way because that is the usual pattern

mít tendenci, inklinovat

mít tendenci, inklinovat

Ex: Some plants tend to thrive in direct sunlight, while others prefer shade. 
provider
provider
[Podstatné jméno]

a person, company, or organization that offers goods or services to customers

dodavatel, poskytovatel

dodavatel, poskytovatel

Ex: The company is a leading provider of software solutions. 
compromise
compromise
[Podstatné jméno]

a middle position or solution that combines different or opposing qualities

Ex: The apartment was a reasonable compromise between size and location. 
unoccupied
unoccupied
[Přídavné jméno]

describing a state or condition in which a space or property is not being used, inhabited, or occupied by individuals

neobsazený, volný

neobsazený, volný

to boost
to boost
[sloveso]

to increase the amount, level, strength, or power of something

zvýšit, podpořit

zvýšit, podpořit

Ex: Engineers adjusted the circuit to boost the voltage. 
specialized
specialized
[Přídavné jméno]

made or designed for a specific function

specializovaný

specializovaný

Ex: The bookstore has a section dedicated to specialized literature on rare and exotic plants. 

Knihkupectví má oddělení věnované specializované literatuře o vzácných a exotických rostlinách.

exceptional
exceptional
[Přídavné jméno]

unusually good or much greater than what is normal or expected

Ex: She received praise for her exceptional performance. 
hurdle
hurdle
[Podstatné jméno]

a difficulty or problem that must be overcome in order to achieve something

překážka, obtíž

překážka, obtíž

Ex: Passing the certification exam was the final hurdle he needed to clear to advance in his career. 
to overcome
to overcome
[sloveso]

to succeed in solving, controlling, or dealing with something difficult

překonat, zvítězit

překonat, zvítězit

Ex: She overcame obstacles in her career by demonstrating resilience and determination. 
infinite
infinite
[Přídavné jméno]

without end or limits in extent, amount, or space

nekonečný, neomezený

nekonečný, neomezený

Ex: The universe is believed to be infinite in size, with no discernible boundaries. 

Věří se, že vesmír je nekonečný velikostí, bez rozpoznatelných hranic.

to encounter
to encounter
[sloveso]

to be faced with an unexpected difficulty during a process

narazit, setkat se s

narazit, setkat se s

Ex: The team encountered unexpected challenges while implementing the new software. 
regulatory
regulatory
[Přídavné jméno]

creating and enforcing rules or regulations to control or govern a particular activity or industry

regulační, regulatorní

regulační, regulatorní

Ex: The airline industry is subject to strict regulatory oversight to ensure passenger safety. 
liability
liability
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being legally obliged and responsible

odpovědnost, závazek

odpovědnost, závazek

Ex: The insurance policy covers liability for injuries to other people. 
enforcement
enforcement
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of making sure that a law, rule, requirement, or decision is obeyed or carried out

vymáhání,  prosazování

vymáhání, prosazování

Ex: The agency is responsible for enforcement of the new environmental requirements. 
operation
operation
[Podstatné jméno]

the activity of operating something (a machine or business etc.)

operace, provoz

operace, provoz

Ex: He oversees the operation of several restaurants. 
societal
societal
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or characteristic of society and its members as a whole

společenský, sociální

společenský, sociální

Ex: The organization works to address societal challenges through advocacy and education. 

Organizace pracuje na řešení společenských výzev prostřednictvím advokacie a vzdělávání.

to address
to address
[sloveso]

to think about a problem or an issue and start to deal with it

řešit, zabývat se

řešit, zabývat se

Ex: The company needs to address the issue of employee turnover. 
robust
robust
[Přídavné jméno]

remaining strong and effective even when facing challenges or difficulties

robustní, silný

robustní, silný

Ex: The robust response from the community helped prevent the closure of the local library. 

Robustní reakce komunity pomohla zabránit uzavření místní knihovny.

targeted
targeted
[Přídavné jméno]

focused or directed toward a specific goal, objective, or audience

cílený, zaměřený

cílený, zaměřený

Ex: They made targeted improvements to the website to enhance the user experience for mobile users. 

Provedli cílená vylepšení na webových stránkách, aby zlepšili uživatelský zážitek pro mobilní uživatele.

to conquer
to conquer
[sloveso]

to overcome a challenge or obstacle

překonat, zvítězit

překonat, zvítězit

Ex: Communities unite to conquer crises and rebuild in the aftermath of natural disasters. 

Komunity se spojují, aby překonaly krize a obnovily se po přírodních katastrofách.

association
association
[Podstatné jméno]

the mental connection or link between ideas, memories, or images

asociace

asociace

Ex: The smell of fresh bread brings an association with childhood memories. 
virtual reality
virtual reality
[Podstatné jméno]

an artificial environment generated by a computer that makes the user think what they are seeing or hearing is real, by using a special headphone and a helmet that displays the generated environment

virtuální realita, virtuální svět

virtuální realita, virtuální svět

Ex: Engineers use virtual reality to visualize their designs. 

Inženýři používají virtuální realitu k vizualizaci svých návrhů.

concrete
concrete
[Přídavné jméno]

specific, definite, and based on actual facts or details rather than general ideas

konkrétní,  určitý

konkrétní, určitý

Ex: The company has not announced any concrete plans for expansion. 
vital
vital
[Přídavné jméno]

absolutely necessary and of great importance

zásadní, nezbytný

zásadní, nezbytný

Ex: Effective communication is vital for successful teamwork. 
estimate
estimate
[Podstatné jméno]

a judgment or calculation of the size, extent, value, etc. of something without knowing the exact details or numbers

odhad, nabídka

odhad, nabídka

Ex: Our estimate of the crowd size was fairly accurate. 
figure
figure
[Podstatné jméno]

a symbol that represents any number between 0 and 9

číslice, číslo

číslice, číslo

Ex: In mathematics, figures are used to express numerical values. 
scheme
scheme
[Podstatné jméno]

an organized and carefully planned course of action

plán, projekt

plán, projekt

Ex: The company launched a scheme to expand internationally. 
according to
according to
[předložka]

in regard to what someone has said or written

podle, dle

podle, dle

Ex: According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow. 

Podle předpovědi počasí bude zítra pršet.

considerable
considerable
[Přídavné jméno]

large in quantity, extent, or degree

značný, velký

značný, velký

Ex: She accumulated a considerable amount of vacation time over the years. 

Nashromáždila značné množství dovolené v průběhu let.

pollution
pollution
[Podstatné jméno]

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

znečištění, kontaminace

znečištění, kontaminace

Ex: The pollution in the lake has made the water toxic to fish and plants. 
transition
transition
[Podstatné jméno]

the process or period of changing from one state, condition, or situation to another

přechod

přechod

Ex: The transition from winter to spring happened quickly this year. 
conventional
conventional
[Přídavné jméno]

generally accepted and followed by many people

konvenční, tradiční

konvenční, tradiční

Ex: In some cultures, it's conventional to remove shoes before entering someone's home. 

V některých kulturách je obvyklé zout si boty před vstupem do něčího domu.

to compensate
to compensate
[sloveso]

to make up for a weakness, disadvantage, or lack by providing something that balances its effects

kompenzovat,  vyrovnávat

kompenzovat, vyrovnávat

Ex: The lower price more than compensates for the product's limited features. 
redundant
redundant
[Přídavné jméno]

no longer employed because there is no more work available or the position is no longer necessary

propouštěný, nadbytečný

propouštěný, nadbytečný

Ex: With the new technology in place, several employees became redundant. 

S novou technologií na místě se několik zaměstnanců stalo nadbytečnými.

infrastructure
infrastructure
[Podstatné jméno]

the physical and organizational assets, such as roads, bridges, utilities, and public services, that support economic activity and daily life

infrastruktura, infrastruktury

infrastruktura, infrastruktury

Ex: Infrastructure development is key to attracting foreign investment. 

Rozvoj infrastruktury je klíčový pro přilákání zahraničních investic.

turnover
turnover
[Podstatné jméno]

the rate at which a business sells and replaces its stock of goods during a particular period

obrat zásob,  rychlost obratu zásob

obrat zásob, rychlost obratu zásob

Ex: Daniel compared the turnover of several product categories. 
landscape
landscape
[Podstatné jméno]

a broad or comprehensive mental perspective or view

perspektiva, pohled

perspektiva, pohled

Ex: The scholar had a wide landscape of philosophical ideas. 
telepresence
telepresence
[Podstatné jméno]

technology that allows people to control devices or join events from a distance by creating a realistic virtual experience

telepřítomnost, vzdálená přítomnost

telepřítomnost, vzdálená přítomnost

Ex: Telepresence made it possible to attend the conference without traveling. 

Telepresence umožnila zúčastnit se konference bez cestování.

mobility
mobility
[Podstatné jméno]

the ability to move or be moved freely and easily from one place, position, job, or social situation to another

mobilita,  pohyblivost

mobilita, pohyblivost

Ex: Transferable skills give workers greater mobility within the labor market. 
disabled
disabled
[Přídavné jméno]

completely or partial inability to use a part of one's body or mind, caused by an illness, injury, etc.

postižený, invalidní

postižený, invalidní

Ex: He uses a wheelchair to get around because he is disabled. 
autonomy
autonomy
[Podstatné jméno]

the ability or freedom to make decisions and act independently

autonomie,  samostatnost

autonomie, samostatnost

Ex: Good managers give experienced staff enough autonomy to solve problems on their own. 
implication
implication
[Podstatné jméno]

a possible consequence that something can bring about

implikace,  důsledek

implikace, důsledek

Ex: The new policy could have major implications for small businesses. 
initiative
initiative
[Podstatné jméno]

the willingness to take action and start new things without being prompted or directed

iniciativa, duch iniciativy

iniciativa, duch iniciativy

Ex: Her initiative in organizing the event impressed everyone. 
viable
viable
[Přídavné jméno]

having the ability to be executed or done successfully

uskutečnitelný, proveditelný

uskutečnitelný, proveditelný

Ex: The new strategy proposed by the marketing team seems viable for increasing sales. 

Nová strategie navržená marketingovým týmem se zdá proveditelná pro zvýšení prodeje.

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