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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - La Ley

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre la ley, como "article", "waiver", "acquit", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
article
[Sustantivo]

a paragraph or clause in a legal agreement or document that is separate from others and deals with something particular

artículo

artículo

Ex: Article 9 specifies the conditions under which the agreement can be terminated .
affidavit
[Sustantivo]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

afidávit

afidávit

Ex: Falsifying information in affidavit can result in serious legal consequences , including perjury charges .
warrant
[Sustantivo]

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

orden judicial

orden judicial

Ex: He challenged the validity of warrant, arguing that it lacked probable cause .
plaintiff
[Sustantivo]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

demandante

demandante

litigator
[Sustantivo]

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

litigante

litigante

settlement
[Sustantivo]

an official agreement that puts an end to a dispute

acuerdo

acuerdo

Ex: settlement required the defendant to pay a substantial sum to the plaintiff to settle the legal dispute .
waiver
[Sustantivo]

an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim

documento de renuncia

documento de renuncia

to nullify
[Verbo]

to legally invalidate an agreement, decision, etc.

anular, invalidar

anular, invalidar

Ex: The company ’s failure to comply with the terms nullify the benefits outlined in the agreement .

to officially approve of something such as an action, change, practice, etc.

sancionar

sancionar

Ex: The government decided sanction the trade agreement between the two countries , providing official authorization for the deal .
to enforce
[Verbo]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

to issue
[Verbo]

to release an official document such as a statement, warrant, etc.

publicar

publicar

to acquit
[Verbo]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

absolver

absolver

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision acquit the defendant of all charges .
to pardon
[Verbo]

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

indultar

indultar

Ex: The clemency petition resulted in the decision pardon the non-violent offenders .
to decree
[Verbo]

to make an official judgment, decision, or order

decretar

decretar

prosecution
[Sustantivo]

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

enjuiciamiento

enjuiciamiento

judiciary
[Sustantivo]

the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges

poder judicial

poder judicial

to violate someone's rights or property

infringir, violar

infringir, violar

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

anular

anular

Ex: The athlete 's suspension overturned after a thorough review of the doping test results .
to void
[Verbo]

to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding

anular

anular

conviction
[Sustantivo]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

condena

condena

indictment
[Sustantivo]

a formal accusation of a crime

acusación

acusación

to outlaw
[Verbo]

to officially state that something is illegal

prohibir

prohibir

Ex: To address concerns about privacy , the government moved outlaw certain intrusive surveillance practices .

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

legislar

legislar

notary
[Sustantivo]

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

notario

notario

Ex: notary confirmed the identity of the signatories and witnessed the signing of the will in accordance with state law .

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

interrogar

interrogar

barrister
[Sustantivo]

a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain

abogado

abogado

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

arbitrar, juzgar

arbitrar, juzgar

Ex: Last month , the mediator was adjudicating conflicts between the parties .
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