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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL - The Law

Here you will learn some English words about law, such as "article", "waiver", "acquit", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
court of appeals
[noun]
in the US, a court of law that makes decisions regarding cases in which the lower court's judgment is contested
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appellant
[noun]
a person who appeals in a higher court against a decision made in a lower court
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article
[noun]
a paragraph or clause in a legal agreement or document that is separate from others and deals with something particular
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subclause
[noun]
an additional part of a legal document
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writ
[noun]
a legal document from a court or another legal authority that instructs someone on what to do or not to do
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affidavit
[noun]
a written statement affirmed by oath or pledge that can be used as evidence in court
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warrant
[noun]
an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions
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plaintiff
[noun]
a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court
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litigator
[noun]
a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law
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settlement
[noun]
an official agreement that puts an end to a dispute
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waiver
[noun]
an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim
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to nullify
[verb]
to legally invalidate an agreement, decision, etc.
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to sanction
[verb]
to officially approve of something such as an action, change, practice, etc.
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to enforce
[verb]
to ensure that a law or rule is followed
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to issue
[verb]
to release an official document such as a statement, warrant, etc.
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to acquit
[verb]
to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime
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to pardon
[verb]
to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation
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to decree
[verb]
to make an official judgment, decision, or order
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prosecution
[noun]
the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt
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judiciary
[noun]
the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges
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to infringe
[verb]
to go against a rule, law, term of agreement, etc.
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to overturn
[verb]
to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision
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to void
[verb]
to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding
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conviction
[noun]
a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law
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indictment
[noun]
a formal accusation of a crime
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validation
[noun]
the act of making something legally acceptable and the declaration of it
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litigation
[noun]
the process of bringing a lawsuit to a court in order to obtain a judgment
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to outlaw
[verb]
to officially state that something is illegal
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to legislate
[verb]
to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process
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notary
[noun]
an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable
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legality
[noun]
the fact that something is in accordance with the law
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to interrogate
[verb]
to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information
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barrister
[noun]
a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain
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to adjudicate
[verb]
to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute
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