TOEFL向けの上級語彙 - 法律

in the US, a court of law that makes decisions regarding cases in which the lower court's judgment is contested

控訴裁判所

a person who appeals in a higher court against a decision made in a lower court

控訴人

a paragraph or clause in a legal agreement or document that is separate from others and deals with something particular

条項

an additional part of a legal document

副条項

a legal document from a court or another legal authority that instructs someone on what to do or not to do

命令状

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

宣誓供述書

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

令状

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

原告

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

訴訟弁護士

an official agreement that puts an end to a dispute

和解

an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim

放棄声明

to legally invalidate an agreement, decision, etc.

無効にする

to officially approve of something such as an action, change, practice, etc.

承認する

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

施行する

to release an official document such as a statement, warrant, etc.

発行する

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

無罪評決を下す

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

恩赦する

to make an official judgment, decision, or order

命じる

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

起訴

the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges

司法

to violate someone's rights or property

侵害する

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

覆す

to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding

無効にする

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

有罪判決

a formal accusation of a crime

起訴状

the act of making something legally acceptable and the declaration of it

検証

the process of bringing a lawsuit to a court in order to obtain a judgment

訴訟

to officially state that something is illegal

違法とする

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

立法する

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

公証人

the fact that something is in accordance with the law

合法性

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

尋問する

a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain

弁護士

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

裁定する