Kosakata Lanjutan untuk TOEFL - Hukum

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata bahasa Inggris tentang hukum, seperti "pasal", "pengabaian", "membebaskan", dll., yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.

Tinjauan

Kartu flash

Ejaan

Kuis

Mulai belajar

court of appeals

[Kata benda]

in the US, a court of law that makes decisions regarding cases in which the lower court's judgment is contested

pengadilan banding, mahkamah banding

Tutup

Masuk

appellant

[Kata benda]

a person who appeals in a higher court against a decision made in a lower court

pemohon banding, penggugat

Tutup

Masuk

article

[Kata benda]

a paragraph or clause in a legal agreement or document that is separate from others and deals with something particular

pasal, klausa

Ex: Article 9 specifies the conditions under which the agreement can be terminated .**Pasal** 9 menetapkan kondisi di mana perjanjian dapat diakhiri.

Tutup

Masuk

subclause

[Kata benda]

an additional part of a legal document

subklausa

Tutup

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writ

[Kata benda]

a legal document from a court or another legal authority that instructs someone on what to do or not to do

dokumen hukum, perintah pengadilan

Tutup

Masuk

affidavit

[Kata benda]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

pernyataan di bawah sumpah, afidavit

Ex: Falsifying information in an affidavit can result in serious legal consequences , including perjury charges .Memalsukan informasi dalam **affidavit** dapat mengakibatkan konsekuensi hukum yang serius, termasuk tuduhan sumpah palsu.

Tutup

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warrant

[Kata benda]

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

surat perintah

Ex: He challenged the validity of the warrant, arguing that it lacked probable cause .Dia menantang keabsahan **surat perintah**, dengan alasan bahwa itu tidak memiliki alasan yang mungkin.

Tutup

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plaintiff

[Kata benda]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

penggugat, penuntut

Ex: During the trial , the plaintiff testified about the impact of the defendant 's actions .Selama persidangan, **penggugat** bersaksi tentang dampak dari tindakan terdakwa.

Tutup

Masuk

litigator

[Kata benda]

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

pengacara litigasi, ahli hukum yang berspesialisasi dalam litigasi

Ex: In the courtroom , the litigator presented persuasive arguments and effectively cross-examined witnesses to support their client 's case .Di ruang sidang, **pengacara** menyajikan argumen yang meyakinkan dan secara efektif memeriksa saksi untuk mendukung kasus klien mereka.

Tutup

Masuk

settlement

[Kata benda]

an official agreement that puts an end to a dispute

kesepakatan, penyelesaian

Ex: The settlement required the defendant to pay a substantial sum to the plaintiff to settle the legal dispute .**Penyelesaian** mengharuskan terdakwa membayar sejumlah besar uang kepada penggugat untuk menyelesaikan sengketa hukum.

Tutup

Masuk

waiver

[Kata benda]

an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim

pelepasan, pengecualian

Ex: Before enrolling in the course , students had to sign a waiver acknowledging the risks .Sebelum mendaftar di kursus, siswa harus menandatangani **pelepasan hak** yang mengakui risiko.

Tutup

Masuk

to nullify

[kata kerja]

to legally invalidate an agreement, decision, etc.

membatalkan, meniadakan

Ex: The company ’s failure to comply with the terms will nullify the benefits outlined in the agreement .Kegagalan perusahaan untuk mematuhi persyaratan akan **membatalkan** manfaat yang diuraikan dalam perjanjian.

Tutup

Masuk

to sanction

[kata kerja]

to officially approve of something such as an action, change, practice, etc.

mensahkan, secara resmi menyetujui

Ex: The government decided to sanction the trade agreement between the two countries , providing official authorization for the deal .Pemerintah memutuskan untuk **menyetujui** perjanjian perdagangan antara dua negara, memberikan otorisasi resmi untuk kesepakatan tersebut.

Tutup

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to enforce

[kata kerja]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

menerapkan, memastikan kepatuhan

Ex: Security personnel enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .Petugas keamanan **menegakkan** aturan tempat untuk memastikan keselamatan dan kesenangan semua peserta.

Tutup

Masuk

to issue

[kata kerja]

to release an official document such as a statement, warrant, etc.

mengeluarkan, menerbitkan

Ex: Can you issue a proclamation for the upcoming event ?Bisakah Anda **mengeluarkan** sebuah proklamasi untuk acara mendatang?

Tutup

Masuk

to acquit

[kata kerja]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

membebaskan, menyatakan tidak bersalah

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .Proses pembebasan akhirnya mengarah pada keputusan pengadilan untuk **membebaskan** terdakwa dari semua tuduhan.

Tutup

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to pardon

[kata kerja]

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

mengampuni, memberi grasi

Ex: The clemency petition resulted in the decision to pardon the non-violent offenders .Petisi pengampunan mengakibatkan keputusan untuk **mengampuni** pelaku non-kekerasan.

Tutup

Masuk

to decree

[kata kerja]

to make an official judgment, decision, or order

menetapkan, memerintahkan

Ex: The council decreed new zoning regulations for the residential area .Dewan **memutuskan** peraturan zonasi baru untuk area perumahan.

Tutup

Masuk

prosecution

[Kata benda]

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

penuntutan, tuduhan

Ex: He faced a rigorous prosecution, which included multiple trials .Dia menghadapi **penuntutan** yang ketat, yang mencakup beberapa persidangan.

Tutup

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judiciary

[Kata benda]

the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges

yudikatif, kekuasaan kehakiman

Ex: The judiciary operates independently from the executive and legislative branches .**Lembaga peradilan** beroperasi secara independen dari cabang eksekutif dan legislatif.

Tutup

Masuk

to infringe

[kata kerja]

to violate someone's rights or property

melanggar, mengganggu

Ex: The court found the defendant guilty of infringing the patent rights of a competing company .Pengadilan menemukan terdakwa bersalah **melanggar** hak paten perusahaan pesaing.

Tutup

Masuk

to overturn

[kata kerja]

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

membatalkan, menggulingkan

Ex: The athlete's suspension was overturned after a thorough review of the doping test results.Suspensi atlet itu **dibatalkan** setelah tinjauan menyeluruh terhadap hasil tes doping.

Tutup

Masuk

to void

[kata kerja]

to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding

membatalkan, menyatakan tidak sah

Ex: The company voided the warranty when the product was found to be tampered with .Perusahaan **membatalkan** garansi ketika produk ditemukan telah dirusak.

Tutup

Masuk

conviction

[Kata benda]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

hukuman, pernyataan bersalah

Ex: She was shocked by his conviction, as he had always maintained his innocence .Dia terkejut dengan **vonisnya**, karena dia selalu mempertahankan bahwa dia tidak bersalah.

Tutup

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indictment

[Kata benda]

a formal accusation of a crime

tuduhan, surat dakwaan

Ex: Upon receiving the indictment, the defendant was arrested and taken into custody by law enforcement officers .Setelah menerima **surat dakwaan**, terdakwa ditangkap dan dibawa ke tahanan oleh petugas penegak hukum.

Tutup

Masuk

validation

[Kata benda]

the act of making something legally acceptable and the declaration of it

validasi, pengesahan

Tutup

Masuk

litigation

[Kata benda]

the process of bringing a lawsuit to a court in order to obtain a judgment

litigasi, proses pengadilan

Tutup

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to outlaw

[kata kerja]

to officially state that something is illegal

melarang, menyatakan ilegal

Ex: To address concerns about privacy , the government moved to outlaw certain intrusive surveillance practices .Untuk mengatasi kekhawatiran tentang privasi, pemerintah bergerak untuk **melarang** praktik pengawasan yang intrusif tertentu.

Tutup

Masuk

to legislate

[kata kerja]

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

membuat undang-undang, melegislasi

Ex: The parliament is set to legislate a minimum wage increase in the next session .Parlemen siap **mengesahkan** kenaikan upah minimum dalam sesi berikutnya.

Tutup

Masuk

notary

[Kata benda]

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

notaris, pejabat umum

Ex: The notary confirmed the identity of the signatories and witnessed the signing of the will in accordance with state law .**Notaris** mengkonfirmasi identitas para penandatangan dan menyaksikan penandatanganan wasiat sesuai dengan hukum negara.

Tutup

Masuk

legality

[Kata benda]

the fact that something is in accordance with the law

legalitas

Tutup

Masuk

to interrogate

[kata kerja]

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

menginterogasi

Ex: The investigator spent hours interrogating the suspect to unravel the motives behind the incident .Penyidik menghabiskan berjam-jam **menginterogasi** tersangka untuk mengungkap motif di balik insiden itu.

Tutup

Masuk

barrister

[Kata benda]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

Ex: As a barrister, he is known for his sharp legal mind and eloquent courtroom presentations .

Tutup

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to adjudicate

[kata kerja]

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

memutuskan, mengadili

Ex: Last month , the mediator was persistently adjudicating conflicts between the parties .Bulan lalu, mediator dengan gigih **memutuskan** konflik antara para pihak.

Tutup

Masuk

Kosakata Lanjutan untuk TOEFL

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Kosakata Lanjutan untuk TOEFL - Hukum