Masulong na Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Ang batas

in the US, a court of law that makes decisions regarding cases in which the lower court's judgment is contested

hukuman ng apela, hukuman ng apela

a person who appeals in a higher court against a decision made in a lower court

apelante, nagtatanggol

a paragraph or clause in a legal agreement or document that is separate from others and deals with something particular

artikulo, talata

an additional part of a legal document

subklasula, pangalawang talata

a legal document from a court or another legal authority that instructs someone on what to do or not to do

sulat, utos

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

pahayag na ipinagkakatiwala, affidavit

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

utos, mandato

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

nagkakasuhan, mang- demanda

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

litigator, abogado sa kaso

an official agreement that puts an end to a dispute

kasunduan, settlement

an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim

pagsasawalang-bisa, pagtanggap ng responsibilidad

to legally invalidate an agreement, decision, etc.

bawiin, pawalang bisa

to officially approve of something such as an action, change, practice, etc.

magbigay ng pahintulot, aprubahan

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

ipatupad, ipinatutupad

to release an official document such as a statement, warrant, etc.

ilabas, maglabas

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

palayain

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

pagpatawad, patawarin

to make an official judgment, decision, or order

idekreta, mag-utos

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

pag-usig, akusasyon

the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges

hudikatura, sangay ng hukuman

to violate someone's rights or property

labagin, lumabag

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

pawalang bisa, iwaksi

to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding

bawiin, pawalang-bisa

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

paghatol, salang

a formal accusation of a crime

pagsasakdal, pagsasakdal na opisyal

the act of making something legally acceptable and the declaration of it

pagsasakdal, pagpapatibay

the process of bringing a lawsuit to a court in order to obtain a judgment

pagsasakdal, litigasyon

to officially state that something is illegal

bawal, ipahayag na ilegal

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

magtakda ng batas

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

notaryo

the fact that something is in accordance with the law

ligalidad, katapatan sa batas

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

interrogahin, tumulog

a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain

abogado, tagapayo sa batas

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

hatulan, magpasya