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Vocabulario Esencial para el GRE - Tomar la Justicia por Tu Mano

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre ley, como "cuff", "infringe", "litigate", etc. que se necesitan para el examen GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
affidavit
[Sustantivo]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

afidávit

afidávit

Ex: Falsifying information in affidavit can result in serious legal consequences , including perjury charges .
to acquit
[Verbo]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

absolver

absolver

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision acquit the defendant of all charges .
annulment
[Sustantivo]

a legal process of declaring a marriage or any type of official contract null and void as if it had never existed

anulación, revocación

anulación, revocación

Ex: Due to annulment, all contractual obligations were erased as if the contract had never existed .
binding
[Adjetivo]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

vinculante, obligatorio

vinculante, obligatorio

conveyance
[Sustantivo]

a legal document that transfers a right or property from one person to another

traspaso, transferencia

traspaso, transferencia

to add a second signature to a document or agreement to verify its authenticity; serving as a form of validation of the primary signature

refrendar

refrendar

Ex: For the contract to be enforceable , the director countersign the agreement .
to cuff
[Verbo]

to restrain someone by securing their wrists together, often using a device, commonly done by law enforcement during an arrest or to maintain control

esposar

esposar

debenture
[Sustantivo]

a financial pact with details about interest rates and when the borrowed money will be paid back, not tied to any specific belongings

obligación, vale

obligación, vale

decree
[Sustantivo]

an official authoritative decision or judgment, especially one made by a government or the ruler of a country

sentencia

sentencia

to draw up
[Verbo]

to create a plan, document, or written agreement, often in a formal or official context

elaborar, redactar

elaborar, redactar

to enforce
[Verbo]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

impeachment
[Sustantivo]

the process of a governmental figure bringing charges against a government official and marking the first step toward potential removal from office

proceso de destitución

proceso de destitución

indictment
[Sustantivo]

a formal accusation of a crime

acusación

acusación

to violate someone's rights or property

infringir, violar

infringir, violar

tribunal
[Sustantivo]

a group of certified people who are chosen to examine legal problems at the court

tribunal

tribunal

inquest
[Sustantivo]

an official investigation that is held in front of a jury; especially in cases associated with death by unnatural causes

investigación

investigación

intestacy
[Sustantivo]

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

intestado

intestado

judiciary
[Sustantivo]

the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges

poder judicial

poder judicial

legislation
[Sustantivo]

a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament

legislación

legislación

legitimate
[Adjetivo]

officially allowed or accepted according to the rules or laws that apply to a particular situation

legítimo, legal

legítimo, legal

legislature
[Sustantivo]

a group of elected officials responsible for making and changing laws in a government or state

asamblea legislativa, legislatura

asamblea legislativa, legislatura

Ex: legislature has two parts : the House of Representatives and the Senate .

to initiate legal action against another party or person

litigar

litigar

Ex: She litigate to protect her intellectual property .
magistrate
[Sustantivo]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

juez de paz

juez de paz

Ex: Magistrates play a crucial role in the judicial system , handling a wide range of cases from traffic violations to minor criminal offenses .
memorandum
[Sustantivo]

a document outlining the terms of understanding or agreement between parties, often used in legal or business contexts

memorándum

memorándum

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

anular

anular

to pardon
[Verbo]

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

indultar

indultar

parole
[Sustantivo]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

libertad condicional, libertad bajo palabra

libertad condicional, libertad bajo palabra

plaintiff
[Sustantivo]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

demandante

demandante

to plead
[Verbo]

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

defender

defender

proceedings
[Sustantivo]

actions taken in a court of law in order to settle an argument

proceso

proceso

provision
[Sustantivo]

an agreed-upon condition or requirement outlined in an agreement, law, or document

estipulación, disposición

estipulación, disposición

prosecution
[Sustantivo]

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

enjuiciamiento

enjuiciamiento

waiver
[Sustantivo]

an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim

documento de renuncia

documento de renuncia

to void
[Verbo]

to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding

anular

anular

testimony
[Sustantivo]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

testimonio, declaración

testimonio, declaración

statute
[Sustantivo]

an officially written and established law

ley, estatuto

ley, estatuto

to testify
[Verbo]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

testificar, declarar

testificar, declarar

Ex: The court relies on witnesses who are willing testify truthfully for a fair trial .

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

cumplir con

cumplir con

Ex: During the court trial , witnesses are required abide by the judge 's directives .
to remand
[Verbo]

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

remitir

remitir

to uphold
[Verbo]

(particularly of a law court) to state that a previous decision is correct

conservar

conservar

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