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GRE必备词汇 - 把法律掌握在你手中!

在这里,你将学习一些关于法律的英语单词,如“手铐”、“侵犯”、“诉讼”等,这些都是GRE考试所需要的。

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
affidavit
[名词]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

宣誓书, 书面证词

宣誓书, 书面证词

Ex: Falsifying information in an affidavit can result in serious legal consequences , including perjury charges .在**宣誓书**中伪造信息可能导致严重的法律后果,包括伪证指控。
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to acquit
[动词]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

宣判无罪, 宣告无罪

宣判无罪, 宣告无罪

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .免责程序最终导致法院决定**无罪释放**被告的所有指控。
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annulment
[名词]

a legal process of declaring a marriage or any type of official contract null and void as if it had never existed

废除, 无效

废除, 无效

Ex: Due to the annulment, all contractual obligations were erased as if the contract had never existed .由于**废除**,所有合同义务都被抹去,就像合同从未存在过一样。
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binding
[形容词]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

有约束力的

有约束力的

Ex: The terms and conditions outlined in the user agreement are binding upon acceptance.用户协议中概述的条款和条件在接受后具有**约束力**。
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conveyance
[名词]

a legal document that transfers a right or property from one person to another

转让书, 财产转移文件

转让书, 财产转移文件

Ex: He reviewed the conveyance to ensure all terms of the sale were accurately documented .他审查了**转让文件**,以确保销售的所有条款都被准确记录。
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to add a second signature to a document or agreement to verify its authenticity; serving as a form of validation of the primary signature

会签, 作为第二签署人签署

会签, 作为第二签署人签署

Ex: For the contract to be enforceable , the director must countersign the agreement .为了使合同可执行,董事必须**会签**协议。
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to cuff
[动词]

to restrain someone by securing their wrists together, often using a device, commonly done by law enforcement during an arrest or to maintain control

铐住, 给...戴手铐

铐住, 给...戴手铐

Ex: The security team successfully cuffed the unruly individual until order was restored .安全团队成功地将不守规矩的个人**铐住**,直到秩序恢复。
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debenture
[名词]

a financial pact with details about interest rates and when the borrowed money will be paid back, not tied to any specific belongings

债券, 债务证券

债券, 债务证券

Ex: Unlike secured bonds , this debenture was not tied to any specific assets .与有担保债券不同,这种**债券**不与任何特定资产挂钩。
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decree
[名词]

an official authoritative decision or judgment, especially one made by a government or the ruler of a country

法令, 政令

法令, 政令

Ex: The local mayor issued a decree to improve public safety measures .当地市长发布了一项**法令**以改善公共安全措施。
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to draw up
[动词]

to create a plan, document, or written agreement, often in a formal or official context

起草, 拟定

起草, 拟定

Ex: The government officials collaborated to draw up new regulations for environmental protection .政府官员合作**起草**了新的环境保护法规。
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to enforce
[动词]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

执行, 确保遵守

执行, 确保遵守

Ex: Security personnel enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .安保人员**执行**场馆的规则,以确保所有参与者的安全和享受。
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impeachment
[名词]

the process of a governmental figure bringing charges against a government official and marking the first step toward potential removal from office

弹劾, 弹劾程序

弹劾, 弹劾程序

Ex: Public opinion was divided on whether the impeachment was justified .关于**弹劾**是否合理,公众意见存在分歧。
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indictment
[名词]

a formal accusation of a crime

起诉, 控告

起诉, 控告

Ex: Upon receiving the indictment, the defendant was arrested and taken into custody by law enforcement officers .收到**起诉书**后,被告被执法人员逮捕并拘留。
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to infringe
[动词]

to violate someone's rights or property

侵犯, 违反

侵犯, 违反

Ex: The court found the defendant guilty of infringing the patent rights of a competing company .法院认定被告**侵犯**了一家竞争公司的专利权。
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tribunal
[名词]

a group of certified people who are chosen to examine legal problems at the court

法庭, 陪审团

法庭, 陪审团

Ex: A panel of judges from the tribunal heard the arguments presented by both sides .**法庭**的一个法官小组听取了双方提出的论点。
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inquest
[名词]

an official investigation that is held in front of a jury; especially in cases associated with death by unnatural causes

调查, 司法调查

调查, 司法调查

Ex: The official report from the inquest was released to the public .调查的官方报告已向公众发布。
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intestacy
[名词]

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

无遗嘱死亡, 无遗嘱状态

无遗嘱死亡, 无遗嘱状态

Ex: The family faced complications in settling the deceased 's affairs due to the absence of a will and the application of intestacy laws .由于没有遗嘱和**无遗嘱**法的适用,家庭在解决死者事务时面临复杂情况。
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judiciary
[名词]

the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges

司法, 司法部门

司法, 司法部门

Ex: The judiciary operates independently from the executive and legislative branches .**司法机构**独立于行政和立法部门运作。
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legislation
[名词]

a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament

立法

立法

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legitimate
[形容词]

officially allowed or accepted according to the rules or laws that apply to a particular situation

合法的, 授权的

合法的, 授权的

Ex: The agreement was negotiated and signed under legitimate terms and conditions .该协议是在**合法**条款和条件下谈判并签署的。
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legislature
[名词]

a group of elected officials responsible for making and changing laws in a government or state

立法机关, 议会

立法机关, 议会

Ex: The legislature has two parts : the House of Representatives and the Senate .**立法机关**由两部分组成:众议院和参议院。
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to litigate
[动词]

to initiate legal action against another party or person

提起诉讼, 打官司

提起诉讼, 打官司

Ex: She had to litigate to protect her intellectual property .她不得不**提起诉讼**以保护她的知识产权。
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magistrate
[名词]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

地方法官, 裁判官

地方法官, 裁判官

Ex: Magistrates play a crucial role in the judicial system , handling a wide range of cases from traffic violations to minor criminal offenses .**地方法官**在司法系统中扮演着至关重要的角色,处理从交通违规到轻微刑事犯罪的各种案件。
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memorandum
[名词]

a document outlining the terms of understanding or agreement between parties, often used in legal or business contexts

备忘录, 便条

备忘录, 便条

Ex: The company sent a memorandum to all employees about the upcoming policy changes .公司向所有员工发送了一份**备忘录**,内容涉及即将出台的政策变化。
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to overturn
[动词]

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

推翻, 废除

推翻, 废除

Ex: The athlete's suspension was overturned after a thorough review of the doping test results.在对兴奋剂检测结果进行彻底审查后,运动员的停赛被**推翻**了。
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to pardon
[动词]

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

赦免, 宽恕

赦免, 宽恕

Ex: The clemency petition resulted in the decision to pardon the non-violent offenders .宽恕请愿书导致了**赦免**非暴力罪犯的决定。
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parole
[名词]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

假释

假释

Ex: Parole offers offenders the opportunity for rehabilitation and reintegration into society under supervision, with the goal of reducing recidivism.**假释**为罪犯提供了在监督下康复和重新融入社会的机会,旨在减少再犯。
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plaintiff
[名词]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

原告, 起诉人

原告, 起诉人

Ex: During the trial , the plaintiff testified about the impact of the defendant 's actions .在审判期间,**原告**就被告行为的影响作证。
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to plead
[动词]

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

辩护

辩护

Ex: Despite the evidence against him , the defendant chose to plead not guilty by reason of insanity .尽管有对他不利的证据,被告还是选择以精神错乱为由**辩称**无罪。
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proceedings
[名词]

actions taken in a court of law in order to settle an argument

诉讼程序,  诉讼记录

诉讼程序, 诉讼记录

Ex: The proceedings were marked by intense arguments between the opposing counsels .**诉讼程序**因对立律师之间的激烈争论而引人注目。
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provision
[名词]

an agreed-upon condition or requirement outlined in an agreement, law, or document

规定,  条款

规定, 条款

Ex: The will had a provision specifying how the estate should be divided among the heirs .遗嘱中有一项**规定**,明确了遗产应如何在继承人之间分配。
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prosecution
[名词]

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

起诉, 检控

起诉, 检控

Ex: He faced a rigorous prosecution, which included multiple trials .他面临了严格的**起诉**,其中包括多次审判。
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waiver
[名词]

an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim

放弃, 免责声明

放弃, 免责声明

Ex: Before enrolling in the course , students had to sign a waiver acknowledging the risks .在注册课程之前,学生必须签署一份**弃权书**,承认风险。
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to void
[动词]

to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding

废除, 宣布无效

废除, 宣布无效

Ex: The company voided the warranty when the product was found to be tampered with .当发现产品被篡改时,公司**取消了**保修。
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testimony
[名词]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

证词, 证言

证词, 证言

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their testimony.辩护律师盘问了证人,以质疑其**证词**的可信度。
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statute
[名词]

an officially written and established law

法令, 章程

法令, 章程

Ex: Under the statute, the company must provide annual safety training for employees .根据**法规**,公司必须为员工提供年度安全培训。
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to testify
[动词]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

作证, 证明

作证, 证明

Ex: The court relies on witnesses who are willing to testify truthfully for a fair trial .法院依赖于愿意为公正审判而诚实**作证**的证人。
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to abide by
[动词]

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

遵守, 遵从

遵守, 遵从

Ex: During the court trial , witnesses are required to abide by the judge 's directives .在法庭审判期间,证人必须**遵守**法官的指示。
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to remand
[动词]

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

发回, 退回

发回, 退回

Ex: The judge 's decision to remand the juvenile offender to a rehabilitation facility was aimed at providing appropriate intervention and support .法官决定将少年犯**送回**康复机构,旨在提供适当的干预和支持。
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to uphold
[动词]

(particularly of a law court) to state that a previous decision is correct

确认, 维持

确认, 维持

Ex: The disciplinary panel upheld the suspension after reviewing all the evidence and testimonies .纪律小组在审查了所有证据和证词后**维持**了停职决定。
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