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a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court
宣誓供述書, アフィダビット
to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime
無罪評決を下す
a legal process of declaring a marriage or any type of official contract null and void as if it had never existed
取り消し, 無効
a legal document that transfers a right or property from one person to another
譲渡契約書, 権利移転文書
to add a second signature to a document or agreement to verify its authenticity; serving as a form of validation of the primary signature
カウンターサインする, 二次署名する
to restrain someone by securing their wrists together, often using a device, commonly done by law enforcement during an arrest or to maintain control
手錠をかける, 拘束する
a financial pact with details about interest rates and when the borrowed money will be paid back, not tied to any specific belongings
デベンチャー, 債券
an official authoritative decision or judgment, especially one made by a government or the ruler of a country
法令, 命令
to create a plan, document, or written agreement, often in a formal or official context
作成する, 起草する
the process of a governmental figure bringing charges against a government official and marking the first step toward potential removal from office
弾劾, インピーチメント
a group of certified people who are chosen to examine legal problems at the court
裁判所, 法廷
an official investigation that is held in front of a jury; especially in cases associated with death by unnatural causes
検死, 調査
the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will
遺言の不在, 遺言なし
the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges
司法, 裁判所
a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament
立法, 法律
officially allowed or accepted according to the rules or laws that apply to a particular situation
正当な, 合法的な
a group of elected officials responsible for making and changing laws in a government or state
立法機関
a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses
治安判事, 裁判官
a document outlining the terms of understanding or agreement between parties, often used in legal or business contexts
覚書, メモ
to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision
覆す, 無効にする
to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation
恩赦する, 免除する
(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct
仮出所, 保護観察
to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime
弁護する, 申し立てる
an agreed-upon condition or requirement outlined in an agreement, law, or document
規定, 条項
the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt
起訴, 検察
an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim
放棄声明, 免責
a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court
証言, 証拠
to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority
従う, 遵守する
to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review
差し戻す, 再審を求める
(particularly of a law court) to state that a previous decision is correct
確認する, 支持する
