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Vocabular Esențial pentru GRE - Ia legea în mâinile tale!

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre drept, cum ar fi "cătușe", "încălca", "a litiga", etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
affidavit
affidavit
[substantiv]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

declarație sub jurământ, afidavit

declarație sub jurământ, afidavit

Ex: She signed an affidavit, swearing under oath to tell the truth in her statement to the court. 
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to acquit
to acquit
[verb]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

achita, declara nevinovat

achita, declara nevinovat

Ex: The company was accused of wrongdoing, but after a thorough investigation, they were acquitted of any illegal activities. 
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annulment
annulment
[substantiv]

a legal process of declaring a marriage or any type of official contract null and void as if it had never existed

anulare, nulitate

anulare, nulitate

Ex: The annulment of the official document was required to correct the administrative error. 
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binding
binding
[adjectiv]

legally required to be followed and cannot be avoided

obligatoriu

obligatoriu

Ex: Signing the lease makes it a binding contract, so you're committed to paying rent for the agreed-upon period. 
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conveyance
conveyance
[substantiv]

a legal document that transfers a right or property from one person to another

act de transfer, document de transfer de proprietate

act de transfer, document de transfer de proprietate

Ex: Her lawyer prepared a conveyance to finalize the transfer of the estate. 
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to countersign

to add a second signature to a document or agreement to verify its authenticity; serving as a form of validation of the primary signature

contrasemna, semnă ca al doilea semnatar

contrasemna, semnă ca al doilea semnatar

Ex: The manager asked her assistant to countersign the contract for final approval. 
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to cuff
to cuff
[verb]

to restrain someone by securing their wrists together, often using a device, commonly done by law enforcement during an arrest or to maintain control

a pune cătușe, a lega cu cătușe

a pune cătușe, a lega cu cătușe

Ex: The police officer decided to cuff the suspect to ensure safety during the arrest. 
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debenture
debenture
[substantiv]

a financial pact with details about interest rates and when the borrowed money will be paid back, not tied to any specific belongings

obligațiune, titlu de datorie

obligațiune, titlu de datorie

Ex: The company issued a debenture to raise funds for its expansion project 
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decree
decree
[substantiv]

an official authoritative decision or judgment, especially one made by a government or the ruler of a country

decret, ordin

decret, ordin

Ex: The king issued a decree establishing a new tax law. 
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to draw up

to create a plan, document, or written agreement, often in a formal or official context

intocmi, elabora

intocmi, elabora

Ex: The lawyer was hired to draw up a contract outlining the terms of the business partnership. 
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to enforce

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

a aplica, a asigura respectarea

a aplica, a asigura respectarea

Ex: The police are tasked with enforcing the laws to maintain public order. 
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impeachment
impeachment
[substantiv]

the process of a governmental figure bringing charges against a government official and marking the first step toward potential removal from office

impeachment, procedura de demitere

impeachment, procedura de demitere

Ex: He faced impeachment over allegations of misconduct while in office. 
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indictment
indictment
[substantiv]

a formal accusation of a crime

acuzație, act de acuzare

acuzație, act de acuzare

Ex: The indictment revealed a complex web of illegal activities involving drug trafficking and money laundering. 
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to infringe

to violate someone's rights or property

încalca, viola

încalca, viola

Ex: The company was warned about potential legal consequences if it continued to infringe environmental regulations. 
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tribunal
tribunal
[substantiv]

a group of certified people who are chosen to examine legal problems at the court

tribunal, juriu

tribunal, juriu

Ex: He awaited the tribunal’s verdict on his appeal. 
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inquest
inquest
[substantiv]

an official investigation that is held in front of a jury; especially in cases associated with death by unnatural causes

ancheta, ancheta judiciara

ancheta, ancheta judiciara

Ex: The inquest revealed that the death was caused by a drug overdose. 
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intestacy
intestacy
[substantiv]

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

intestat, moarte fără testament

intestat, moarte fără testament

Ex: In the absence of a will, the deceased's estate will be subject to intestacy, and the distribution will follow legal guidelines. 
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judiciary
judiciary
[substantiv]

the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges

judecătorie, puterea judiciară

judecătorie, puterea judiciară

Ex: The judiciary is responsible for interpreting the laws and ensuring justice. 
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legislation
legislation
[substantiv]

a formal rule or collection of rules enacted by a governing authority

legislație, lege

legislație, lege

Ex: The new environmental legislation limits carbon emissions from factories. 
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legitimate
legitimate
[adjectiv]

officially allowed or accepted according to the rules or laws that apply to a particular situation

legitim, autorizat

legitim, autorizat

Ex: The company's operations were deemed legitimate after passing all regulatory inspections. 
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legislature
legislature
[substantiv]

a group of elected officials responsible for making and changing laws in a government or state

legislativă, adunare legislativă

legislativă, adunare legislativă

Ex: The legislature passed new laws to protect the environment. 
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to litigate

to initiate legal action against another party or person

intenta un proces, litiga

intenta un proces, litiga

Ex: The company decided to litigate after the breach of contract. 
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magistrate
magistrate
[substantiv]

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

magistrat, judecător

magistrat, judecător

Ex: The magistrate presided over the small claims court, resolving disputes between individuals. 
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memorandum
memorandum
[substantiv]

a document outlining the terms of understanding or agreement between parties, often used in legal or business contexts

memorandum, notă

memorandum, notă

Ex: The team drafted a memorandum to outline the new project guidelines. 
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to overturn

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

anula, răsturna

anula, răsturna

Ex: The Supreme Court decided to overturn the lower court's ruling, citing a procedural error. 
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to pardon
to pardon
[verb]

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

grația, ierta

grația, ierta

Ex: The governor decided to pardon the prisoner after reviewing his case. 
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parole
parole
[substantiv]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

eliberare condiționată

eliberare condiționată

Ex: After serving half of his sentence in prison, the inmate was eligible for parole, subject to certain conditions and supervision. 
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plaintiff
plaintiff
[substantiv]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

reclamant, pârât

reclamant, pârât

Ex: The plaintiff presented compelling evidence to support their case. 
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to plead
to plead
[verb]

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

pleda

pleda

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of robbery and assault. 
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proceedings
proceedings
[substantiv]

actions taken in a court of law in order to settle an argument

proceduri,  acte

proceduri, acte

Ex: The lawyer reviewed the court proceedings carefully before the trial. 
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provision
provision
[substantiv]

an agreed-upon condition or requirement outlined in an agreement, law, or document

dispoziție,  clauză

dispoziție, clauză

Ex: The contract includes a provision for early termination with a penalty. 
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prosecution
prosecution
[substantiv]

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

urmărire penală, acuzare

urmărire penală, acuzare

Ex: The lengthy prosecution involved several months of court hearings. 
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waiver
waiver
[substantiv]

an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim

renunțare, eliberare

renunțare, eliberare

Ex: He signed a waiver to participate in the extreme sports event. 
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to void
to void
[verb]

to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding

anula, declara nul

anula, declara nul

Ex: The court voided the contract due to a breach of terms by the seller. 
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testimony
testimony
[substantiv]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

mărturie, declarație

mărturie, declarație

Ex: The witness provided compelling testimony that corroborated the victim's account. 
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statute
statute
[substantiv]

an officially written and established law

lege, statut

lege, statut

Ex: The new statute requires all drivers to use hands-free devices while driving. 
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to testify

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

mărturisi, depune mărturie

mărturisi, depune mărturie

Ex: Witnesses are called to testify about what they saw during the accident. 
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to abide by

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

a se conforma la, a respecta

a se conforma la, a respecta

Ex: The employees must abide by the supervisor's instructions at the construction site. 
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to remand
to remand
[verb]

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

trimite înapoi, remite

trimite înapoi, remite

Ex: The appellate court remanded the case to the lower court for further proceedings. 
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to uphold
to uphold
[verb]

(particularly of a law court) to state that a previous decision is correct

confirma, menține

confirma, menține

Ex: The Supreme Court decided to uphold the lower court's ruling, affirming the original verdict. 
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