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Lista de Palabras Nivel B2 - Política

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre política, como "federal", "revolutionary", "congress", etc. preparadas para estudiantes de B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
[Adjetivo]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

interno, nacional, interno

interno, nacional, interno

Ex: Domestic trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services within a nation .El comercio **interno** se refiere a la compra y venta de bienes y servicios dentro de una nación.
federal
[Adjetivo]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal

federal

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .El presupuesto **federal** asigna fondos para las prioridades nacionales, incluyendo infraestructura y servicios sociales.
independent
[Adjetivo]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

independiente

independiente

Ex: Achieving independent governance allowed the country to set its own economic policies .Lograr un gobierno **independiente** permitió al país establecer sus propias políticas económicas.
official
[Adjetivo]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

oficial

oficial

Ex: In his role as the official judge , he impartially evaluated the contestants ' performances in the competition .En su papel de juez **oficial**, evaluó imparcialmente el desempeño de los concursantes en la competencia.
presidential
[Adjetivo]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

presidencial

presidencial

Ex: The presidential inauguration marks the beginning of a new term in office .La inauguración **presidencial** marca el comienzo de un nuevo mandato.
revolution
[Sustantivo]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolución

revolución

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .
revolutionary
[Adjetivo]

involved in or characteristic of a revolution

revolucionario

revolucionario

Ex: The underground newspaper published revolutionary ideas that fueled dissent against the authoritarian regime .El periódico clandestino publicó ideas **revolucionarias** que avivaron el disenso contra el régimen autoritario.
congress
[Sustantivo]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

congreso

congreso

Ex: The president addressed congress during the annual State of the Nation speech .El presidente se dirigió al **congreso** durante el discurso anual del Estado de la Nación.
conservative
[Sustantivo]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservador

conservador

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.Muchos diputados **conservadores** expresaron sus preocupaciones sobre las reformas fiscales propuestas.
Conservative Party
[Sustantivo]

a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

Partido Conservador

Partido Conservador

Ex: Boris Johnson is the current leader of the Conservative Party in the UK .Boris Johnson es el líder actual del **Partido Conservador** en el Reino Unido.
Republican Party
[Sustantivo]

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

Partido Republicano

Partido Republicano

Ex: In Congress , the Republican Party often works to block legislation that increases government spending .En el Congreso, el **Partido Republicano** a menudo trabaja para bloquear legislación que aumenta el gasto público.
democrat
[Sustantivo]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demócrata

demócrata

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.En las recientes elecciones, los **demócratas** se han centrado en temas como la educación asequible y la reforma de la justicia penal.
Democratic Party
[Sustantivo]

the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

Partido Demócrata

Partido Demócrata

Ex: Democratic Party leaders have proposed legislation to increase the federal minimum wage and support working families with childcare subsidies .Los líderes del **Partido Demócrata** han propuesto una legislación para aumentar el salario mínimo federal y apoyar a las familias trabajadoras con subsidios para el cuidado de niños.
labor party
[Sustantivo]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

partido laborista

partido laborista

Ex: The Labor Party won a significant number of seats in parliament, shifting the political landscape.El **Partido Laborista** ganó un número significativo de escaños en el parlamento, cambiando el panorama político.
to back
[Verbo]

to support someone or something

respaldar

respaldar

Ex: While they were facing difficulties , we were backing them with emotional support .Mientras ellos enfrentaban dificultades, nosotros los **apoyábamos** con apoyo emocional.
to debate
[Verbo]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

debatir

debatir

Ex: Politicians debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .Los políticos **debaten** el proyecto de ley de reforma de salud propuesto en el piso del parlamento.
to govern
[Verbo]

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

gobernar

gobernar

Ex: The tribal council collectively governs the community, addressing various issues.El consejo tribal **gobierna** colectivamente la comunidad, abordando diversos problemas.
government
[Sustantivo]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

gobierno

gobierno

Ex: The transition from a colonial government to an independent democratic republic marked a significant chapter in the nation 's history .La transición de un **gobierno** colonial a una república democrática independiente marcó un capítulo significativo en la historia de la nación.
democracy
[Sustantivo]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

democracia

democracia

Ex: The Enlightenment period greatly influenced modern democratic thought, advocating for individual rights and political freedom.El período de la Ilustración influyó enormemente en el pensamiento **democrático** moderno, abogando por los derechos individuales y la libertad política.
dictatorship
[Sustantivo]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

dictadura

dictadura

Ex: Many countries fought against dictatorship in the 20th century .Muchos países lucharon contra la **dictadura** en el siglo XX.
kingdom
[Sustantivo]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

reino

reino

Ex: The kingdom expanded its borders through strategic alliances and conquests .El **reino** expandió sus fronteras a través de alianzas estratégicas y conquistas.
monarchy
[Sustantivo]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarquía

monarquía

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen 's powers are limited by law .En una **monarquía** constitucional, los poderes del rey o la reina están limitados por la ley.
independence
[Sustantivo]

the state of being free from the control of others

independencia

independencia

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .Muchas personas luchan por la **independencia** en sus carreras, buscando la autosuficiencia.
human right
[Sustantivo]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

derecho humano

derecho humano

Ex: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights , adopted by the United Nations in 1948 , outlines basic human rights such as the right to life , liberty , and security of person .La Declaración Universal de los **Derechos Humanos**, adoptada por las Naciones Unidas en 1948, describe los derechos humanos básicos como el derecho a la vida, la libertad y la seguridad personal.
nation
[Sustantivo]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

nación

nación

Ex: The nation's capital is home to its government and political leaders .La capital de la **nación** alberga su gobierno y líderes políticos.
to plot
[Verbo]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

tramar

tramar

Ex: The spies were caught plotting to steal classified information and sell it to a rival nation .Los espías fueron capturados **tramando** robar información clasificada y venderla a una nación rival.
state
[Sustantivo]

a country under the control of one government

nación

nación

Ex: The United Kingdom is a state comprising four constituent countries : England , Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland , each with its own distinct identity and governance structure .El **Reino Unido** es un **Estado** que comprende cuatro países constituyentes: Inglaterra, Escocia, Gales e Irlanda del Norte, cada uno con su propia identidad distintiva y estructura de gobierno.
majority
[Sustantivo]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

mayoría

mayoría

Ex: To form a government , the party needed to gain a majority in the national assembly .Para formar un gobierno, el partido necesitaba obtener una **mayoría** en la asamblea nacional.
minister
[Sustantivo]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

ministro, secretario

ministro, secretario

Ex: The Minister of Education oversees policies related to schools, universities, and educational standards across the nation.El **ministro** de Educación supervisa las políticas relacionadas con las escuelas, universidades y estándares educativos en todo el país.
secretary
[Sustantivo]

the person who is the head of a US government department

ministro, secretario

ministro, secretario

Ex: The president appointed a new Secretary of Energy to address the country's energy needs.El presidente nombró a un nuevo **secretario** de Energía para abordar las necesidades energéticas del país.
spokesperson
[Sustantivo]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

portavoz, vocero

portavoz, vocero

Ex: The spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .El **portavoz** negó cualquier participación de la empresa en las acusaciones.
negotiation
[Sustantivo]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

negociación

negociación

Ex: The team entered negotiation with a strong position and clear objectives .El equipo entró en **negociación** con una posición fuerte y objetivos claros.
opposition
[Sustantivo]

the main political party opposed to the government

oposición

oposición

Ex: The opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .**La oposición** acusó al gobierno de suprimir la libertad de expresión y el disentimiento.
policy
[Sustantivo]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

política

política

Ex: The school district adopted a zero-tolerance policy for bullying.El distrito escolar adoptó una **política** de tolerancia cero para el acoso escolar.
presidency
[Sustantivo]

the period of time during which a president is in power

presidencia

presidencia

Ex: The presidency of Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War was a defining period in American history .La **presidencia** de Abraham Lincoln durante la Guerra Civil fue un período definitorio en la historia de Estados Unidos.
to run for
[Verbo]

to participate in an election as a candidate

postularse

postularse

Ex: She announced her intention to run for a seat in the parliament .Ella anunció su intención de **postularse** para un escaño en el parlamento.
seat
[Sustantivo]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

escaño

escaño

Ex: Each seat in the council represents a different district of the city .Cada **asiento** en el consejo representa un distrito diferente de la ciudad.
voting
[Sustantivo]

the process or action of choosing someone during an election

votación

votación

Ex: The voting results were delayed due to technical issues with the counting system .Los resultados de la **votación** se retrasaron debido a problemas técnicos con el sistema de conteo.
territory
[Sustantivo]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

territorio

territorio

Ex: Citizens of the territory voted in a referendum to decide on their future political status .Los ciudadanos del **territorio** votaron en un referéndum para decidir sobre su futuro estatus político.

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

negociar

negociar

Ex: The homebuyers and sellers negotiated the price and terms of the real estate transaction .Los compradores y vendedores de viviendas **negociaron** el precio y los términos de la transacción inmobiliaria.
conspiracy
[Sustantivo]

a plan which is a secret and made by a group of people to do something illegal or to kill someone

conspiración, conjura

conspiración, conjura

Ex: They were charged with conspiracy to defraud investors out of millions of dollars .Fueron acusados de **conspiración** para defraudar a inversionistas por millones de dólares.
crackdown
[Sustantivo]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

represión, medida enérgica

represión, medida enérgica

Ex: The crackdown on organized crime gangs resulted in a series of raids and arrests across the city .La **represión** de las bandas de crimen organizado resultó en una serie de redadas y arrestos en toda la ciudad.
repression
[Sustantivo]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

represión, opresión

represión, opresión

Ex: The history of the nation is marked by periods of severe repression under authoritarian rule .La historia de la nación está marcada por períodos de **represión** severa bajo un gobierno autoritario.
prime minister
[Sustantivo]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

primer ministro, jefe de gobierno

primer ministro, jefe de gobierno

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.El mandato del **Primer Ministro** terminó después de un voto de no confianza exitoso en el Parlamento.

a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

Ex: Department of Homeland Security collaborates with other federal , state , and local agencies to enhance national resilience against terrorism and other threats .

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

Ex: The teacher's poor instruction led the students astray.
senate
[Sustantivo]

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

Senado

Senado

Ex: Bills must pass through the Senate before becoming law.Los proyectos de ley deben pasar por el **Senado** antes de convertirse en ley.
Lista de Palabras Nivel B2
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