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فهرست واژگان سطح B2 - سیاست

در اینجا چند کلمه انگلیسی در مورد سیاست مانند "فدرال"، "انقلابی"، "کنگره" و غیره که برای زبان آموزان B2 تهیه شده است را یاد خواهید گرفت.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
[صفت]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

داخلی

داخلی

Ex: Domestic trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services within a nation .
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federal
[صفت]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

فدرال

فدرال

Ex: federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .
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independent
[صفت]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

مستقل

مستقل

Ex: independent governance allowed the country to set its own economic policies .
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official
[صفت]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

رسمی

رسمی

Ex: In his role as official judge , he impartially evaluated the contestants ' performances in the competition .
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presidential
[صفت]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

مربوط به ریاست‌جمهوری, مربوط به رئیس‌جمهور

مربوط به ریاست‌جمهوری, مربوط به رئیس‌جمهور

Ex: presidential inauguration marks the beginning of a new term in office .
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revolution
[اسم]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

انقلاب

انقلاب

Ex: revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .
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involved in or characteristic of a revolution

انقلابی

انقلابی

Ex: The underground newspaper revolutionary ideas that fueled dissent against the authoritarian regime .
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congress
[اسم]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

کنگره, مجلس

کنگره, مجلس

Ex: The president congress during the annual State of the Nation speech .
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conservative
[اسم]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

عضو حزب محافظه‌کار, اصول‌گرا

عضو حزب محافظه‌کار, اصول‌گرا

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.
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a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

حزب محافظه‌کار

حزب محافظه‌کار

Ex: Boris Johnson is the current leader of Conservative Party in the UK .
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the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

حزب جمهوری‌خواه

حزب جمهوری‌خواه

Ex: In Congress , Republican Party often works to block legislation that increases government spending .
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democrat
[اسم]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

عضو حزب دموکرات, دموکرات

عضو حزب دموکرات, دموکرات

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.
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the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

حزب دموکرات

حزب دموکرات

Ex: Democratic Party leaders have proposed legislation to increase the federal minimum wage and support working families with childcare subsidies .
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labor party
[اسم]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

حزب کارگر

حزب کارگر

Ex: The Labor Party won a significant number of seats in parliament, shifting the political landscape.
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to back
[فعل]

to support someone or something

حمایت کردن

حمایت کردن

Ex: While they were facing difficulties , we backing them with emotional support .
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to debate
[فعل]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

مناظره کردن, بحث کردن

مناظره کردن, بحث کردن

Ex: debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .
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to govern
[فعل]

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

حکومت کردن

حکومت کردن

Ex: The tribal council collectively governs the community, addressing various issues.
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government
[اسم]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

حکومت, حکومت

حکومت, حکومت

Ex: The transition from a government to an independent democratic republic marked a significant chapter in the nation 's history .
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democracy
[اسم]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

دموکراسی

دموکراسی

Ex: The Enlightenment period greatly influenced modern democratic thought, advocating for individual rights and political freedom.
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dictatorship
[اسم]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

حکومت استبدادی, نظام دیکتاتوری

حکومت استبدادی, نظام دیکتاتوری

Ex: Many countries fought dictatorship in the 20th century .
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kingdom
[اسم]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

پادشاهی, قلمرو

پادشاهی, قلمرو

Ex: kingdom expanded its borders through strategic alliances and conquests .
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monarchy
[اسم]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

پادشاهی, سلطنت

پادشاهی, سلطنت

Ex: In a monarchy, the king or queen 's powers are limited by law .
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independence
[اسم]

the state of being free from the control of others

استقلال

استقلال

Ex: Many people strive independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .
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human right
[اسم]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

حقوق بشر

حقوق بشر

Ex: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights , adopted by the United Nations in 1948 , outlines human rights such as the right to life , liberty , and security of person .
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nation
[اسم]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

ملت, ملت

ملت, ملت

Ex: nation's capital is home to its government and political leaders .
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to plot
[فعل]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

توطئه چیدن, نقشه کشیدن

توطئه چیدن, نقشه کشیدن

Ex: The spies were plotting to steal classified information and sell it to a rival nation .
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state
[اسم]

a country under the control of one government

مملکت

مملکت

Ex: The United Kingdom is state comprising four constituent countries : England , Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland , each with its own distinct identity and governance structure .
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majority
[اسم]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

رأی اکثریت

رأی اکثریت

Ex: To form a government , the party needed to gain majority in the national assembly .
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minister
[اسم]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

وزیر

وزیر

Ex: The Minister of Education oversees policies related to schools, universities, and educational standards across the nation.
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secretary
[اسم]

the person who is the head of a US government department

وزیر

وزیر

Ex: The president appointed a new Secretary of Energy to address the country's energy needs.
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spokesperson
[اسم]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

سخنگو

سخنگو

Ex: spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .
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negotiation
[اسم]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

مذاکره, چک‌وچانه

مذاکره, چک‌وچانه

Ex: The team negotiation with a strong position and clear objectives .
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opposition
[اسم]

the main political party opposed to the government

اپوزیسیون, حزب مخالف (سیاست)

اپوزیسیون, حزب مخالف (سیاست)

Ex: opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .
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policy
[اسم]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

سیاست‌گذاری, خط مشی

سیاست‌گذاری, خط مشی

Ex: The school district adopted a zero-tolerance policy for bullying.
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presidency
[اسم]

the period of time during which a president is in power

دوران ریاست‌جمهوری

دوران ریاست‌جمهوری

Ex: presidency of Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War was a defining period in American history .
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to run for
[فعل]

to participate in an election as a candidate

شرکت کردن (در انتخابات)

شرکت کردن (در انتخابات)

Ex: She announced her intention run for a seat in the parliament .
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seat
[اسم]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

سمت رسمی (مجلس و...)

سمت رسمی (مجلس و...)

Ex: seat in the council represents a different district of the city .
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voting
[اسم]

the process or action of choosing someone during an election

انتخابات

انتخابات

Ex: voting results were delayed due to technical issues with the counting system .
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territory
[اسم]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

سرزمین, خطه

سرزمین, خطه

Ex: Citizens of territory voted in a referendum to decide on their future political status .
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to negotiate
[فعل]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

مذاکره کردن

مذاکره کردن

Ex: The homebuyers and negotiated the price and terms of the real estate transaction .
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conspiracy
[اسم]

a plan which is a secret and made by a group of people to do something illegal or to kill someone

توطئه, دسیسه

توطئه, دسیسه

Ex: They were charged conspiracy to defraud investors out of millions of dollars .
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crackdown
[اسم]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

سرکوب, برخورد شدید

سرکوب, برخورد شدید

Ex: crackdown on organized crime gangs resulted in a series of raids and arrests across the city .
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repression
[اسم]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

سرکوب, تحت کنترل در آوردن

سرکوب, تحت کنترل در آوردن

Ex: The history of the nation is marked by periods of repression under authoritarian rule .
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the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

نخست‌وزیر, صدر اعظم

نخست‌وزیر, صدر اعظم

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.
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a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

سازمان امنیت ملی, وزارت امنیت داخلی

سازمان امنیت ملی, وزارت امنیت داخلی

Ex: Department of Homeland Security collaborates with other federal , state , and local agencies to enhance national resilience against terrorism and other threats .
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to lead astray
[عبارت]

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

گمراه کردن, منحرف کردن

گمراه کردن, منحرف کردن

Ex: The teacher's poor instruction led the students astray.
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senate
[اسم]

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

مجلس سنا

مجلس سنا

Ex: Bills must pass through the Senate before becoming law.
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فهرست واژگان سطح B2
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