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B2レベルの単語リスト - 政治

ここでは、B2レベルの学習者向けに準備された「連邦の」、「革命的な」、「議会」などの政治に関するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
domestic
[形容詞]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

国内の, 国家の

国内の, 国家の

Ex: The domestic market for agricultural products supports local farmers and food producers. 
federal
federal
[形容詞]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

連邦の, 中央の

連邦の, 中央の

Ex: Federal laws apply uniformly across the entire country. 

連邦法は全国に一律に適用されます。

independent
independent
[形容詞]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

独立した

独立した

Ex: The independent state formed a new constitution to establish its government. 
official
official
[形容詞]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

公式の, 公的な

公式の, 公的な

Ex: The official inspector conducted a thorough examination of the construction site to ensure compliance with safety regulations. 
presidential
presidential
[形容詞]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

大統領の, 大統領職に関連する

大統領の, 大統領職に関連する

Ex: The presidential address outlined the government's priorities for the upcoming year. 

大統領演説は、来年の政府の優先事項を概説した。

revolution
revolution
[名詞]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

革命

革命

Ex: Key figures of the revolution are remembered as national heroes for their roles in the uprising. 
revolutionary
revolutionary
[形容詞]

relating to, supporting, or involved in a political or social revolution

革命的な,  革命の

革命的な, 革命の

Ex: The book examines revolutionary movements of the nineteenth century. 
congress
congress
[名詞]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

議会,  集会

議会, 集会

Ex: Congress convened an emergency session to address the natural disaster relief efforts. 
conservative
conservative
[名詞]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

保守派, 伝統主義者

保守派, 伝統主義者

Ex: The conservative candidate won the election by a narrow margin. 
Conservative Party

a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

保守党

保守党

Ex: Boris Johnson is the current leader of the Conservative Party in the UK. 

ボリス・ジョンソンは、英国における保守党の現在のリーダーです。

Republican Party

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

共和党, アメリカ共和党

共和党, アメリカ共和党

Ex: Many members of the Republican Party oppose expansive government programs and advocate for individual liberties. 

共和党の多くのメンバーは、拡大する政府プログラムに反対し、個人の自由を擁護しています。

Democrat
Democrat
[名詞]

a member or supporter of the Democratic Party in the United States

民主党員, 民主党支持者

民主党員, 民主党支持者

Ex: She has been a Democrat for most of her adult life. 
Democratic Party

the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

民主党, 民主黨

民主党, 民主黨

Ex: The Democratic Party nominated Joe Biden as its presidential candidate for the 2020 election. 

民主党は、2020年の選挙で大統領候補としてジョー・バイデンを指名した。

labor party
labor party
[名詞]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

労働党, 労働者党

労働党, 労働者党

Ex: The Labor Party introduced policies aimed at improving healthcare and education for all. 

労働党は、すべての人の医療と教育を改善することを目的とした政策を導入しました。

to back
to back
[動詞]

to support someone or something

支持する, 後押しする

支持する, 後押しする

Ex: The community rallied to back the local school's fundraising efforts for new equipment. 
to debate
to debate
[動詞]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

討論する, 議論する

討論する, 議論する

Ex: Scientists debated the validity of the new research findings during the conference. 
to govern
to govern
[動詞]

to officially rule and manage a country, region, or community

Ex: The coalition governed the country for nearly a decade. 
government
government
[名詞]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

政府

政府

Ex: The totalitarian government imposed strict controls over media and public discourse, suppressing dissenting voices. 
democracy
democracy
[名詞]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

民主主義, 人民の政府

民主主義, 人民の政府

Ex: Many activists are passionate about spreading democracy to ensure equality for all. 
dictatorship
dictatorship
[名詞]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

独裁, 独裁政権

独裁, 独裁政権

Ex: Under the dictatorship, citizens had no freedom of speech or assembly. 

独裁政権の下では、市民には言論や集会の自由がありませんでした。

kingdom
kingdom
[名詞]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

王国, 君主制

王国, 君主制

Ex: Legends of the kingdom and its knights have been told for generations. 
monarchy
monarchy
[名詞]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

君主制, 王国

君主制, 王国

Ex: The monarchy has existed in the country for centuries, with the king serving as the head of state. 

君主制は何世紀もの間その国に存在し、王が国家元首として務めています。

independence
independence
[名詞]

the state of being free from the control of others

独立, 自治

独立, 自治

Ex: Independence allows individuals to pursue their dreams without external restrictions. 
human right
human right
[名詞]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

人権

人権

Ex: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations in 1948, outlines basic human rights such as the right to life, liberty, and security of person. 

1948年に国際連合によって採択された世界人権宣言は、生命、自由、および個人の安全に対する権利などの基本的な人権を概説しています。

nation
nation
[名詞]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

国家, 国民

国家, 国民

Ex: Nations often celebrate Independence Day to commemorate their freedom and sovereignty. 
to plot
to plot
[動詞]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

陰謀を企てる, 画策する

陰謀を企てる, 画策する

Ex: The disgruntled employee was fired after colleagues discovered he was plotting revenge against his supervisor. 
state
state
[名詞]

a country under the control of one government

国家, 国

国家, 国

Ex: India is a populous state in South Asia, characterized by its diverse cultures, languages, and traditions. 
majority
majority
[名詞]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

過半数

過半数

Ex: Despite a close race, the incumbent managed to secure a majority on election night. 
minister
minister
[名詞]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

大臣

大臣

Ex: As head of the Department of Finance, the minister oversees the country's economic policies and fiscal management. 
secretary
secretary
[名詞]

the person who is the head of a US government department

長官, 大臣

長官, 大臣

Ex: The Secretary of the Treasury was questioned about the recent economic downturn. 
spokesperson
spokesperson
[名詞]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

スポークスパーソン, 代表者

スポークスパーソン, 代表者

Ex: The spokesperson for the company issued a statement addressing the recent controversy. 

会社の広報担当者は最近の論争に対処する声明を発表しました。

negotiation
negotiation
[名詞]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

交渉, 協議

交渉, 協議

Ex: Successful negotiation requires good communication and understanding of both parties' needs. 
opposition
opposition
[名詞]

the main political party opposed to the government

野党

野党

Ex: The opposition gained significant support following the recent scandal involving the ruling party. 
policy
policy
[名詞]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

政策

政策

Ex: The insurance company revised its policy to offer better coverage for natural disasters. 
presidency
presidency
[名詞]

the period of time during which a president is in power

大統領職, 大統領の任期

大統領職, 大統領の任期

Ex: His presidency was marked by significant economic reforms and social policies. 
to run for
to run for
[動詞]

to participate in an election as a candidate

立候補する, 走る

立候補する, 走る

Ex: She decided to run for mayor in the upcoming election. 

彼女は次の選挙で市長に立候補することを決めた。

seat
seat
[名詞]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

席, 議席

席, 議席

Ex: The politician fought hard to retain her seat amid fierce competition from challengers. 
voting
voting
[名詞]

the activity or process of choosing someone or something by casting votes, especially in an election or meeting

投票

投票

Ex: Voting will begin at nine in the morning. 
territory
territory
[名詞]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

領土, 地域

領土, 地域

Ex: The ancient empire expanded its territory through a series of successful military campaigns. 
to negotiate
to negotiate
[動詞]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

交渉する, 協議する

交渉する, 協議する

Ex: The diplomats spent days negotiating the terms of the peace treaty between the two countries. 
conspiracy
conspiracy
[名詞]

a secret plan by a group to commit an unlawful, harmful, or treacherous act

陰謀, 共謀

陰謀, 共謀

Ex: The police uncovered a conspiracy to overthrow the government. 
crackdown
crackdown
[名詞]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

取り締まり, 強硬策

取り締まり, 強硬策

Ex: The government launched a crackdown on illegal immigration, leading to widespread arrests and deportations. 

政府は不法移民に対する弾圧を開始し、広範囲にわたる逮捕と国外退去を引き起こした。

repression
repression
[名詞]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

抑圧, 弾圧

抑圧, 弾圧

Ex: The government's repression of the protests led to widespread condemnation from the international community. 

政府による抗議活動の弾圧は、国際社会からの広範な非難を招いた。

prime minister

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

首相, 政府の長

首相, 政府の長

Ex: The Prime Minister addressed the nation to announce new economic measures aimed at boosting employment. 

首相は雇用を促進することを目的とした新しい経済対策を発表するために国民に向けて演説した。

Department of Homeland Security

a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

Ex: The Department of Homeland Security collaborates with other federal, state, and local agencies to enhance national resilience against terrorism and other threats. 
to [lead] astray

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

Ex: The cult leader led his followers astray. 
Senate
Senate
[名詞]

the upper chamber of the United States Congress

上院,  上院

上院, 上院

Ex: The Senate considered the bill after it passed the House. 
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