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Λίστα Λέξεων Επιπέδου B2 - Politics

Εδώ θα μάθετε μερικές αγγλικές λέξεις σχετικές με την πολιτική, όπως "ομοσπονδιακός", "επαναστατικός", "κογκρέσο" κ.λπ., προετοιμασμένες για μαθητές επιπέδου B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
domestic
[επίθετο]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

εσωτερικός, εθνικός

εσωτερικός, εθνικός

Ex: Domestic policy decisions affect the lives of citizens within a country. 
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federal
federal
[επίθετο]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

ομοσπονδιακός, κεντρικός

ομοσπονδιακός, κεντρικός

Ex: Federal laws apply uniformly across the entire country. 
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independent
independent
[επίθετο]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

ανεξάρτητος

ανεξάρτητος

Ex: After years of struggle, the nation finally became independent from colonial rule. 
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official
official
[επίθετο]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

επίσημος, αξιωματικός

επίσημος, αξιωματικός

Ex: The official spokesperson for the company addressed the media regarding the incident. 
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presidential
presidential
[επίθετο]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

προεδρικός, σχετικός με την προεδρία

προεδρικός, σχετικός με την προεδρία

Ex: The presidential address outlined the government's priorities for the upcoming year. 
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revolution
revolution
[ουσιαστικό]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

επανάσταση

επανάσταση

Ex: The revolution led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. 
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revolutionary
revolutionary
[επίθετο]

involved in or characteristic of a revolution

επαναστατικός

επαναστατικός

Ex: The revolutionary leader mobilized the masses against the oppressive regime. 
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congress
congress
[ουσιαστικό]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

συνέδριο,  συνέλευση

συνέδριο, συνέλευση

Ex: The congress debated the proposed amendments to the constitution late into the night. 
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conservative
conservative
[ουσιαστικό]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

συντηρητικός, παραδοσιακός

συντηρητικός, παραδοσιακός

Ex: The conservative candidate won the election by a narrow margin. 
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Conservative Party
Conservative Party
[ουσιαστικό]

a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

Συντηρητικό Κόμμα

Συντηρητικό Κόμμα

Ex: The Conservative Party believes in preserving traditional values and institutions like the monarchy. 
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Republican Party
Republican Party
[ουσιαστικό]

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

Ρεπουμπλικανικό Κόμμα, Ρεπουμπλικανικό Κόμμα των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών

Ρεπουμπλικανικό Κόμμα, Ρεπουμπλικανικό Κόμμα των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών

Ex: Many members of the Republican Party oppose expansive government programs and advocate for individual liberties. 
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democrat
democrat
[ουσιαστικό]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

δημοκράτης, υποστηρικτής της κοινωνικής δημοκρατίας

δημοκράτης, υποστηρικτής της κοινωνικής δημοκρατίας

Ex: As a Democrat, she believes in expanding access to healthcare for all citizens through government programs. 
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Democratic Party
Democratic Party
[ουσιαστικό]

the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

Δημοκρατικό Κόμμα, Δημοκρατικό Κόμμα

Δημοκρατικό Κόμμα, Δημοκρατικό Κόμμα

Ex: The Democratic Party nominated Joe Biden as its presidential candidate for the 2020 election. 
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labor party
labor party
[ουσιαστικό]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

Εργατικό Κόμμα, Κόμμα Εργασίας

Εργατικό Κόμμα, Κόμμα Εργασίας

Ex: The Labor Party introduced policies aimed at improving healthcare and education for all. 
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to back
to back
[ρήμα]

to support someone or something

υποστηρίζω, στηρίζω

υποστηρίζω, στηρίζω

Ex: The team decided to back their captain's decision during the crucial match. 
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to debate
to debate
[ρήμα]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

συζητώ, διαφέρομαι

συζητώ, διαφέρομαι

Ex: The candidates took the stage to debate their views on important issues in front of a live audience 
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to govern
to govern
[ρήμα]

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

κυβερνώ, διοικώ

κυβερνώ, διοικώ

Ex: Elected leaders govern the nation, making decisions for the welfare of its citizens. 
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government
government
[ουσιαστικό]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

κυβέρνηση

κυβέρνηση

Ex: In a democratic government, leaders are elected by the people through free and fair elections. 
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democracy
democracy
[ουσιαστικό]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

δημοκρατία, κυβέρνηση του λαού

δημοκρατία, κυβέρνηση του λαού

Ex: She strongly believes in democracy and advocates for government by the people. 
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dictatorship
dictatorship
[ουσιαστικό]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

δικτατορία, δικτατορικό καθεστώς

δικτατορία, δικτατορικό καθεστώς

Ex: Under the dictatorship, citizens had no freedom of speech or assembly. 
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kingdom
kingdom
[ουσιαστικό]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

βασίλειο, μοναρχία

βασίλειο, μοναρχία

Ex: The ancient kingdom was known for its powerful armies and vast territories. 
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monarchy
monarchy
[ουσιαστικό]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

μοναρχία, βασίλειο

μοναρχία, βασίλειο

Ex: The monarchy has existed in the country for centuries, with the king serving as the head of state. 
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independence
independence
[ουσιαστικό]

the state of being free from the control of others

ανεξαρτησία, αυτονομία

ανεξαρτησία, αυτονομία

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
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human right
human right
[ουσιαστικό]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

ανθρώπινο δικαίωμα

ανθρώπινο δικαίωμα

Ex: Freedom of speech and expression is a fundamental human right that allows individuals to voice their opinions without fear of censorship or retaliation. 
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nation
nation
[ουσιαστικό]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

έθνος, χώρα

έθνος, χώρα

Ex: France is a nation known for its art, cuisine, and strong sense of national identity. 
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to plot
to plot
[ρήμα]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

συνωμοτώ, στρατηγεύομαι

συνωμοτώ, στρατηγεύομαι

Ex: The group of conspirators plotted to sabotage the competitor's business by spreading false rumors. 
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state
state
[ουσιαστικό]

a country under the control of one government

κράτος, έθνος

κράτος, έθνος

Ex: The United States is a powerful state with significant influence in global politics and economics. 
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majority
majority
[ουσιαστικό]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

πλειοψηφία

πλειοψηφία

Ex: The candidate won by a majority of 10,000 votes. 
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minister
minister
[ουσιαστικό]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

υπουργός

υπουργός

Ex: As head of the Department of Finance, the minister oversees the country's economic policies and fiscal management. 
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secretary
secretary
[ουσιαστικό]

the person who is the head of a US government department

γραμματέας, υπουργός

γραμματέας, υπουργός

Ex: The Secretary of State plays a crucial role in shaping U.S. foreign policy. 
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spokesperson
spokesperson
[ουσιαστικό]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

εκπρόσωπος, αντιπρόσωπος

εκπρόσωπος, αντιπρόσωπος

Ex: The spokesperson for the company issued a statement addressing the recent controversy. 
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negotiation
negotiation
[ουσιαστικό]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

διαπραγμάτευση, συζήτηση

διαπραγμάτευση, συζήτηση

Ex: The negotiation between the two countries resulted in a historic peace treaty. 
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opposition
opposition
[ουσιαστικό]

the main political party opposed to the government

αντιπολίτευση

αντιπολίτευση

Ex: The opposition criticized the government's handling of the economic crisis. 
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policy
policy
[ουσιαστικό]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

πολιτική

πολιτική

Ex: The government introduced a new fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth. 
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presidency
presidency
[ουσιαστικό]

the period of time during which a president is in power

προεδρία, προεδρικό μέρος

προεδρία, προεδρικό μέρος

Ex: His presidency was marked by significant economic reforms and social policies. 
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to run for
to run for
[ρήμα]

to participate in an election as a candidate

καταθέτω υποψηφιότητα για, τρέχω για

καταθέτω υποψηφιότητα για, τρέχω για

Ex: She decided to run for mayor in the upcoming election. 
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seat
seat
[ουσιαστικό]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

θέση, καθίσμα

θέση, καθίσμα

Ex: She won a seat in parliament in the last election, representing her local constituency. 
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voting
voting
[ουσιαστικό]

the process or action of choosing someone during an election

ψηφοφορία

ψηφοφορία

Ex: Voting is a fundamental right in a democracy, allowing citizens to choose their leaders. 
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territory
territory
[ουσιαστικό]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

έδαφος, περιοχή

έδαφος, περιοχή

Ex: The disputed territory has been a source of conflict between the two neighboring countries for decades. 
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to negotiate
to negotiate
[ρήμα]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

διαπραγματεύομαι, συζητώ

διαπραγματεύομαι, συζητώ

Ex: The diplomats spent days negotiating the terms of the peace treaty between the two countries. 
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conspiracy
conspiracy
[ουσιαστικό]

a secret plan by a group to commit an unlawful, harmful, or treacherous act

συνωμοσία, σκευωρία

συνωμοσία, σκευωρία

Ex: The police uncovered a conspiracy to overthrow the government. 
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crackdown
crackdown
[ουσιαστικό]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

καταστολή, αυστηρά μέτρα

καταστολή, αυστηρά μέτρα

Ex: The government launched a crackdown on illegal immigration, leading to widespread arrests and deportations. 
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repression
repression
[ουσιαστικό]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

καταστολή, καταπίεση

καταστολή, καταπίεση

Ex: The government's repression of the protests led to widespread condemnation from the international community. 
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prime minister
prime minister
[ουσιαστικό]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

πρωθυπουργός, αρχηγός της κυβέρνησης

πρωθυπουργός, αρχηγός της κυβέρνησης

Ex: The Prime Minister addressed the nation to announce new economic measures aimed at boosting employment. 
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Department of Homeland Security

a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

Ex: The Department of Homeland Security oversees efforts to secure borders and prevent illegal immigration into the United States. 
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to [lead] astray
to lead astray
[φράση]

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

Ex: The cult leader led his followers astray. 
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Senate
Senate
[ουσιαστικό]

the upper chamber of the United States Congress, responsible for lawmaking, oversight, and approval of appointments

Γερουσία, Άνω Βουλή

Γερουσία, Άνω Βουλή

Ex: The Senate confirmed the new Supreme Court justice. 
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