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Λίστα Λέξεων Επιπέδου B2 - Politics

Εδώ θα μάθετε μερικές αγγλικές λέξεις για την πολιτική, όπως "ομοσπονδιακό", "επαναστατικό", "συνέδριο" κ.λπ. που προετοιμάζονται για μαθητές Β2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
[επίθετο]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

εγχώριος, οικονομικός

εγχώριος, οικονομικός

Ex: Domestic trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services within a nation .
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federal
[επίθετο]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

ομοσπονδιακός, κεντρικός

ομοσπονδιακός, κεντρικός

Ex: federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .
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independent
[επίθετο]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

ανεξάρτητος, αυτόνομος

ανεξάρτητος, αυτόνομος

Ex: independent governance allowed the country to set its own economic policies .
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official
[επίθετο]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

επίσημος, αυθεντικός

επίσημος, αυθεντικός

Ex: In his role as official judge , he impartially evaluated the contestants ' performances in the competition .
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presidential
[επίθετο]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

προεδρικός, προεδρική

προεδρικός, προεδρική

Ex: presidential inauguration marks the beginning of a new term in office .
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revolution
[ουσιαστικό]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

επανάσταση, ανατροπή

επανάσταση, ανατροπή

Ex: revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .
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revolutionary
[επίθετο]

involved in or characteristic of a revolution

επανάστατος, επαναστατικός

επανάστατος, επαναστατικός

Ex: The underground newspaper revolutionary ideas that fueled dissent against the authoritarian regime .
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congress
[ουσιαστικό]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

συνέδριο, κοινοβούλιο

συνέδριο, κοινοβούλιο

Ex: The president congress during the annual State of the Nation speech .
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conservative
[ουσιαστικό]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

συντηρητικός, συντηρητική

συντηρητικός, συντηρητική

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.
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Conservative Party
[ουσιαστικό]

a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

Συντηρητικό Κόμμα, Κόμμα των Συντηρητικών

Συντηρητικό Κόμμα, Κόμμα των Συντηρητικών

Ex: Boris Johnson is the current leader of Conservative Party in the UK .
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Republican Party
[ουσιαστικό]

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

Ρεπουμπλικανικό Κόμμα, Κόμμα των Ρεπουμπλικάνων

Ρεπουμπλικανικό Κόμμα, Κόμμα των Ρεπουμπλικάνων

Ex: In Congress , Republican Party often works to block legislation that increases government spending .
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democrat
[ουσιαστικό]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

δημοκράτης, δημοκρατικός

δημοκράτης, δημοκρατικός

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.
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Democratic Party
[ουσιαστικό]

the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

Δημοκρατικό Κόμμα, Δημοκρατική Παρτία

Δημοκρατικό Κόμμα, Δημοκρατική Παρτία

Ex: Democratic Party leaders have proposed legislation to increase the federal minimum wage and support working families with childcare subsidies .
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labor party
[ουσιαστικό]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

Εργατικό Κόμμα, Κόμμα Εργαζομένων

Εργατικό Κόμμα, Κόμμα Εργαζομένων

Ex: The Labor Party won a significant number of seats in parliament, shifting the political landscape.
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to back
[ρήμα]

to support someone or something

υποστηρίζω, στηρίζω

υποστηρίζω, στηρίζω

Ex: While they were facing difficulties , we backing them with emotional support .
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to debate
[ρήμα]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

συζητώ, αντιπαραθέτω

συζητώ, αντιπαραθέτω

Ex: debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .
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to govern
[ρήμα]

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

διοικώ, κυβερνώ

διοικώ, κυβερνώ

Ex: The tribal council collectively governs the community, addressing various issues.
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government
[ουσιαστικό]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

κυβέρνηση, διοίκηση

κυβέρνηση, διοίκηση

Ex: The transition from a government to an independent democratic republic marked a significant chapter in the nation 's history .
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democracy
[ουσιαστικό]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

δημοκρατία, δημοκρατικός ιδεαλισμός

δημοκρατία, δημοκρατικός ιδεαλισμός

Ex: The Enlightenment period greatly influenced modern democratic thought, advocating for individual rights and political freedom.
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dictatorship
[ουσιαστικό]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

δικτατορία, αυταρχία

δικτατορία, αυταρχία

Ex: Many countries fought dictatorship in the 20th century .
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kingdom
[ουσιαστικό]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

βασίλειο, κράτος

βασίλειο, κράτος

Ex: kingdom expanded its borders through strategic alliances and conquests .
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monarchy
[ουσιαστικό]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

μονάρχης, μοναρχία

μονάρχης, μοναρχία

Ex: In a monarchy, the king or queen 's powers are limited by law .
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independence
[ουσιαστικό]

the state of being free from the control of others

ανεξαρτησία, ελευθερία

ανεξαρτησία, ελευθερία

Ex: Many people strive independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .
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human right
[ουσιαστικό]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

ανθρώπινο δικαίωμα, δικαίωμα του ανθρώπου

ανθρώπινο δικαίωμα, δικαίωμα του ανθρώπου

Ex: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights , adopted by the United Nations in 1948 , outlines human rights such as the right to life , liberty , and security of person .
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nation
[ουσιαστικό]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

έθνος, nation

έθνος, nation

Ex: nation's capital is home to its government and political leaders .
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to plot
[ρήμα]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

σχεδιάζω (schediazo), συνομωτώ (synomoto)

σχεδιάζω (schediazo), συνομωτώ (synomoto)

Ex: The spies were plotting to steal classified information and sell it to a rival nation .
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state
[ουσιαστικό]

a country under the control of one government

κράτος, πολιτεία

κράτος, πολιτεία

Ex: The United Kingdom is state comprising four constituent countries : England , Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland , each with its own distinct identity and governance structure .
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majority
[ουσιαστικό]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

πλειοψηφία, ψηφοφορική πλειοψηφία

πλειοψηφία, ψηφοφορική πλειοψηφία

Ex: To form a government , the party needed to gain majority in the national assembly .
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minister
[ουσιαστικό]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

υπουργός, ηγέτης τμήματος

υπουργός, ηγέτης τμήματος

Ex: The Minister of Education oversees policies related to schools, universities, and educational standards across the nation.
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secretary
[ουσιαστικό]

the person who is the head of a US government department

Υπουργός, Γραμματέας

Υπουργός, Γραμματέας

Ex: The president appointed a new Secretary of Energy to address the country's energy needs.
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spokesperson
[ουσιαστικό]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

εκπρόσωπος, λαγός

εκπρόσωπος, λαγός

Ex: spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .
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negotiation
[ουσιαστικό]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

διαπραγμάτευση, συζητήσεις

διαπραγμάτευση, συζητήσεις

Ex: The team negotiation with a strong position and clear objectives .
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opposition
[ουσιαστικό]

the main political party opposed to the government

αντιπολίτευση, αντίθεση

αντιπολίτευση, αντίθεση

Ex: opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .
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policy
[ουσιαστικό]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

πολιτική, πολιτική δράση

πολιτική, πολιτική δράση

Ex: The school district adopted a zero-tolerance policy for bullying.
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presidency
[ουσιαστικό]

the period of time during which a president is in power

προεδρία, προεδρική θητεία

προεδρία, προεδρική θητεία

Ex: presidency of Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War was a defining period in American history .
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to run for
[ρήμα]

to participate in an election as a candidate

είμαι υποψήφια για, καταθέτω υποψηφιότητα για

είμαι υποψήφια για, καταθέτω υποψηφιότητα για

Ex: She announced her intention run for a seat in the parliament .
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seat
[ουσιαστικό]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

θέση, έδρα

θέση, έδρα

Ex: seat in the council represents a different district of the city .
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voting
[ουσιαστικό]

the process or action of choosing someone during an election

ψηφοφορία, εκλογική διαδικασία

ψηφοφορία, εκλογική διαδικασία

Ex: voting results were delayed due to technical issues with the counting system .
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territory
[ουσιαστικό]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

έδαφος, περιοχή

έδαφος, περιοχή

Ex: Citizens of territory voted in a referendum to decide on their future political status .
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to negotiate
[ρήμα]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

διαπραγματεύομαι, συζητώ

διαπραγματεύομαι, συζητώ

Ex: The homebuyers and negotiated the price and terms of the real estate transaction .
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conspiracy
[ουσιαστικό]

a plan which is a secret and made by a group of people to do something illegal or to kill someone

συνωμοσία, συνωμοτικό σχέδιο

συνωμοσία, συνωμοτικό σχέδιο

Ex: They were charged conspiracy to defraud investors out of millions of dollars .
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crackdown
[ουσιαστικό]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

σφοδρή καταστολή, αυστηρή επέμβαση

σφοδρή καταστολή, αυστηρή επέμβαση

Ex: crackdown on organized crime gangs resulted in a series of raids and arrests across the city .
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repression
[ουσιαστικό]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

καταπίεση, καταστολή

καταπίεση, καταστολή

Ex: The history of the nation is marked by periods of repression under authoritarian rule .
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prime minister
[ουσιαστικό]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

Πρωθυπουργός, Πρωθυπουργός της κυβέρνησης

Πρωθυπουργός, Πρωθυπουργός της κυβέρνησης

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.
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a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

Ex: Department of Homeland Security collaborates with other federal , state , and local agencies to enhance national resilience against terrorism and other threats .
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to lead astray
[φράση]

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

Ex: The teacher's poor instruction led the students astray.
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senate
[ουσιαστικό]

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

Γερουσία, Συνέδριο

Γερουσία, Συνέδριο

Ex: Bills must pass through the Senate before becoming law.
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