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Lista Słówek Poziomu B2 - Politics

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów o polityce, takich jak "federalny", "rewolucyjny", "kongres" itp., przygotowanych dla uczniów na poziomie B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
domestic
[przymiotnik]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

wewnętrzny, krajowy

wewnętrzny, krajowy

Ex: Domestic policy decisions affect the lives of citizens within a country. 
federal
federal
[przymiotnik]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federalny, centralny

federalny, centralny

Ex: Federal laws apply uniformly across the entire country. 
independent
independent
[przymiotnik]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

niezależny

niezależny

Ex: After years of struggle, the nation finally became independent from colonial rule. 
official
official
[przymiotnik]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

oficjalny, urzędowy

oficjalny, urzędowy

Ex: The official spokesperson for the company addressed the media regarding the incident. 
presidential
presidential
[przymiotnik]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

prezydencki, związany z prezydenturą

prezydencki, związany z prezydenturą

Ex: The presidential address outlined the government's priorities for the upcoming year. 
revolution
revolution
[Rzeczownik]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

rewolucja

rewolucja

Ex: The revolution led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. 
revolutionary
revolutionary
[przymiotnik]

involved in or characteristic of a revolution

rewolucyjny

rewolucyjny

Ex: The revolutionary leader mobilized the masses against the oppressive regime. 
congress
congress
[Rzeczownik]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

kongres,  zgromadzenie

kongres, zgromadzenie

Ex: The congress debated the proposed amendments to the constitution late into the night. 
conservative
conservative
[Rzeczownik]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

konserwatysta, tradycjonalista

konserwatysta, tradycjonalista

Ex: The conservative candidate won the election by a narrow margin. 
Conservative Party
Conservative Party
[Rzeczownik]

a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

Partia Konserwatywna

Partia Konserwatywna

Ex: The Conservative Party believes in preserving traditional values and institutions like the monarchy. 
Republican Party
Republican Party
[Rzeczownik]

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

Partia Republikańska, Partia Republikańska Stanów Zjednoczonych

Partia Republikańska, Partia Republikańska Stanów Zjednoczonych

Ex: Many members of the Republican Party oppose expansive government programs and advocate for individual liberties. 
democrat
democrat
[Rzeczownik]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demokrata, zwolennik demokracji społecznej

demokrata, zwolennik demokracji społecznej

Ex: As a Democrat, she believes in expanding access to healthcare for all citizens through government programs. 
Democratic Party
Democratic Party
[Rzeczownik]

the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

Partia Demokratyczna, Demokratyczna Partia

Partia Demokratyczna, Demokratyczna Partia

Ex: The Democratic Party nominated Joe Biden as its presidential candidate for the 2020 election. 
labor party
labor party
[Rzeczownik]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

Partia Pracy, Partia Robotnicza

Partia Pracy, Partia Robotnicza

Ex: The Labor Party introduced policies aimed at improving healthcare and education for all. 
to back
to back
[Czasownik]

to support someone or something

wspierać, popierać

wspierać, popierać

Ex: The team decided to back their captain's decision during the crucial match. 
to debate
to debate
[Czasownik]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

debatować, dyskutować

debatować, dyskutować

Ex: The candidates took the stage to debate their views on important issues in front of a live audience 
to govern
to govern
[Czasownik]

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

rządzić, zarządzać

rządzić, zarządzać

Ex: Elected leaders govern the nation, making decisions for the welfare of its citizens. 
government
government
[Rzeczownik]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

rząd

rząd

Ex: In a democratic government, leaders are elected by the people through free and fair elections. 
democracy
democracy
[Rzeczownik]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

demokracja, rządy ludu

demokracja, rządy ludu

Ex: She strongly believes in democracy and advocates for government by the people. 
dictatorship
dictatorship
[Rzeczownik]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

dyktatura, reżim dyktatorski

dyktatura, reżim dyktatorski

Ex: Under the dictatorship, citizens had no freedom of speech or assembly. 
kingdom
kingdom
[Rzeczownik]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

królestwo, monarchia

królestwo, monarchia

Ex: The ancient kingdom was known for its powerful armies and vast territories. 
monarchy
monarchy
[Rzeczownik]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarchia, królestwo

monarchia, królestwo

Ex: The monarchy has existed in the country for centuries, with the king serving as the head of state. 
independence
independence
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being free from the control of others

niepodległość, autonomia

niepodległość, autonomia

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
human right
human right
[Rzeczownik]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

prawo człowieka

prawo człowieka

Ex: Freedom of speech and expression is a fundamental human right that allows individuals to voice their opinions without fear of censorship or retaliation. 
nation
nation
[Rzeczownik]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

naród, kraj

naród, kraj

Ex: France is a nation known for its art, cuisine, and strong sense of national identity. 
to plot
to plot
[Czasownik]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

spiskować, knuć

spiskować, knuć

Ex: The group of conspirators plotted to sabotage the competitor's business by spreading false rumors. 
state
state
[Rzeczownik]

a country under the control of one government

państwo, naród

państwo, naród

Ex: The United States is a powerful state with significant influence in global politics and economics. 
majority
majority
[Rzeczownik]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

większość

większość

Ex: The candidate won by a majority of 10,000 votes. 
minister
minister
[Rzeczownik]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

minister

minister

Ex: As head of the Department of Finance, the minister oversees the country's economic policies and fiscal management. 
secretary
secretary
[Rzeczownik]

the person who is the head of a US government department

sekretarz, minister

sekretarz, minister

Ex: The Secretary of State plays a crucial role in shaping U.S. foreign policy. 
spokesperson
spokesperson
[Rzeczownik]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

rzecznik, przedstawiciel

rzecznik, przedstawiciel

Ex: The spokesperson for the company issued a statement addressing the recent controversy. 
negotiation
negotiation
[Rzeczownik]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

negocjacje, rozmowy

negocjacje, rozmowy

Ex: The negotiation between the two countries resulted in a historic peace treaty. 
opposition
opposition
[Rzeczownik]

the main political party opposed to the government

opozycja

opozycja

Ex: The opposition criticized the government's handling of the economic crisis. 
policy
policy
[Rzeczownik]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

polityka

polityka

Ex: The government introduced a new fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth. 
presidency
presidency
[Rzeczownik]

the period of time during which a president is in power

prezydentura, kadencja prezydenta

prezydentura, kadencja prezydenta

Ex: His presidency was marked by significant economic reforms and social policies. 
to run for
to run for
[Czasownik]

to participate in an election as a candidate

kandydują na, biegać dla

kandydują na, biegać dla

Ex: She decided to run for mayor in the upcoming election. 
seat
seat
[Rzeczownik]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

miejsce, fotel

miejsce, fotel

Ex: She won a seat in parliament in the last election, representing her local constituency. 
voting
voting
[Rzeczownik]

the process or action of choosing someone during an election

głosowanie

głosowanie

Ex: Voting is a fundamental right in a democracy, allowing citizens to choose their leaders. 
territory
territory
[Rzeczownik]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

terytorium, obszar

terytorium, obszar

Ex: The disputed territory has been a source of conflict between the two neighboring countries for decades. 
to negotiate
to negotiate
[Czasownik]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

negocjować, układać się

negocjować, układać się

Ex: The diplomats spent days negotiating the terms of the peace treaty between the two countries. 
conspiracy
conspiracy
[Rzeczownik]

a secret plan by a group to commit an unlawful, harmful, or treacherous act

spisek, konspiracja

spisek, konspiracja

Ex: The police uncovered a conspiracy to overthrow the government. 
crackdown
crackdown
[Rzeczownik]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

represja, ostre środki

represja, ostre środki

Ex: The government launched a crackdown on illegal immigration, leading to widespread arrests and deportations. 
repression
repression
[Rzeczownik]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

represja, ucisk

represja, ucisk

Ex: The government's repression of the protests led to widespread condemnation from the international community. 
prime minister
prime minister
[Rzeczownik]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

premier, szef rządu

premier, szef rządu

Ex: The Prime Minister addressed the nation to announce new economic measures aimed at boosting employment. 
Department of Homeland Security

a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

Ex: The Department of Homeland Security oversees efforts to secure borders and prevent illegal immigration into the United States. 
to [lead] astray

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

Ex: The cult leader led his followers astray. 
Senate
Senate
[Rzeczownik]

the upper chamber of the United States Congress, responsible for lawmaking, oversight, and approval of appointments

Senat, Izba wyższa

Senat, Izba wyższa

Ex: The Senate confirmed the new Supreme Court justice. 
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