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B2级单词表 - Politics

在这里,您将学习一些关于政治的英语单词,例如“联邦”、“革命”、“国会”等,为B2级别的学习者准备。

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
[形容词]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

国内的, 国家的

国内的, 国家的

Ex: Domestic trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services within a nation .**国内**贸易是指在一个国家内购买和销售商品和服务。
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federal
[形容词]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

联邦的, 中央的

联邦的, 中央的

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .**联邦**预算为国家优先事项分配资金,包括基础设施和社会服务。
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independent
[形容词]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

独立的

独立的

Ex: Achieving independent governance allowed the country to set its own economic policies .实现**独立**治理使该国能够制定自己的经济政策。
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official
[形容词]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

官方的, 正式的

官方的, 正式的

Ex: In his role as the official judge , he impartially evaluated the contestants ' performances in the competition .作为**官方**裁判,他公正地评估了比赛中参赛者的表现。
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presidential
[形容词]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

总统的, 与总统职务相关的

总统的, 与总统职务相关的

Ex: The presidential inauguration marks the beginning of a new term in office .**总统**就职典礼标志着新一届任期的开始。
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revolution
[名词]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

革命

革命

Ex: The revolution resulted in significant political and social reforms across the nation .
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revolutionary
[形容词]

involved in or characteristic of a revolution

革命的

革命的

Ex: The underground newspaper published revolutionary ideas that fueled dissent against the authoritarian regime .地下报纸发表了**革命性**的想法,激起了对专制政权的不满。
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congress
[名词]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

国会,  大会

国会, 大会

Ex: The president addressed congress during the annual State of the Nation speech .总统在年度国情咨文演讲中向**国会**发表了讲话。
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conservative
[名词]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

保守派, 传统主义者

保守派, 传统主义者

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.许多**保守党**议员对提议的税收改革表示担忧。
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a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

保守党

保守党

Ex: Boris Johnson is the current leader of the Conservative Party in the UK .鲍里斯·约翰逊是英国**保守党**的现任领袖。
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the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

共和党, 美国共和党

共和党, 美国共和党

Ex: In Congress , the Republican Party often works to block legislation that increases government spending .在国会中,**共和党**经常努力阻止增加政府支出的立法。
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democrat
[名词]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

民主党人, 社会民主的支持者

民主党人, 社会民主的支持者

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.在最近的选举中,**民主党人**专注于诸如负担得起的教育和刑事司法改革等问题。
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the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

民主党, 民主黨

民主党, 民主黨

Ex: Democratic Party leaders have proposed legislation to increase the federal minimum wage and support working families with childcare subsidies .**民主党**领导人提出立法,以提高联邦最低工资,并通过儿童保育补贴支持工薪家庭。
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labor party
[名词]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

工党, 劳动党

工党, 劳动党

Ex: The Labor Party won a significant number of seats in parliament, shifting the political landscape.**工党**在议会中赢得了大量席位,改变了政治格局。
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to back
[动词]

to support someone or something

支持, 拥护

支持, 拥护

Ex: While they were facing difficulties , we were backing them with emotional support .当他们面临困难时,我们用情感支持**支持**他们。
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to debate
[动词]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

辩论, 讨论

辩论, 讨论

Ex: Politicians debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .政治家们在议会**辩论**了提出的医疗改革法案。
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to govern
[动词]

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

统治, 管理

统治, 管理

Ex: The tribal council collectively governs the community, addressing various issues.部落理事会集体**治理**社区,解决各种问题。
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government
[名词]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

政府

政府

Ex: The transition from a colonial government to an independent democratic republic marked a significant chapter in the nation 's history .从殖民**政府**过渡到独立的民主共和国标志着国家历史上的重要一章。
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democracy
[名词]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

民主, 人民的政府

民主, 人民的政府

Ex: The Enlightenment period greatly influenced modern democratic thought, advocating for individual rights and political freedom.启蒙时期极大地影响了现代**民主**思想,倡导个人权利和政治自由。
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dictatorship
[名词]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

独裁, 独裁政权

独裁, 独裁政权

Ex: Many countries fought against dictatorship in the 20th century .20世纪,许多国家与**独裁**作斗争。
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kingdom
[名词]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

王国, 君主国

王国, 君主国

Ex: The kingdom expanded its borders through strategic alliances and conquests .**王国**通过战略联盟和征服扩大了其边界。
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monarchy
[名词]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

君主制, 王国

君主制, 王国

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen 's powers are limited by law .在君主立宪制中,国王或女王的权力受到法律的限制。
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independence
[名词]

the state of being free from the control of others

独立, 自治

独立, 自治

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .许多人在职业生涯中努力追求**独立**,寻求自给自足。
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human right
[名词]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

人权

人权

Ex: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights , adopted by the United Nations in 1948 , outlines basic human rights such as the right to life , liberty , and security of person .1948年联合国通过的《世界**人权**宣言》概述了生命权、自由权和人身安全等基本人权。
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nation
[名词]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

国家, 民族

国家, 民族

Ex: The nation's capital is home to its government and political leaders .**国家**的首都是其政府和政治领导人的所在地。
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to plot
[动词]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

密谋, 策划

密谋, 策划

Ex: The spies were caught plotting to steal classified information and sell it to a rival nation .间谍们被抓到**密谋**窃取机密信息并卖给敌对国。
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state
[名词]

a country under the control of one government

国家, 国

国家, 国

Ex: The United Kingdom is a state comprising four constituent countries : England , Scotland , Wales , and Northern Ireland , each with its own distinct identity and governance structure .**英国**是一个由四个组成国家构成的**国家**:英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰,每个国家都有其独特的身份和治理结构。
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majority
[名词]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

多数

多数

Ex: To form a government , the party needed to gain a majority in the national assembly .为了组建政府,该党需要在国民议会中获得**多数**席位。
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minister
[名词]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

部长

部长

Ex: The Minister of Education oversees policies related to schools, universities, and educational standards across the nation.教育**部长**负责监督全国范围内与学校、大学和教育标准相关的政策。
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secretary
[名词]

the person who is the head of a US government department

部长, 秘书

部长, 秘书

Ex: The president appointed a new Secretary of Energy to address the country's energy needs.总统任命了一位新的能源**部长**来解决国家的能源需求。
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spokesperson
[名词]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

发言人, 代表

发言人, 代表

Ex: The spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations .**发言人**否认公司对这些指控有任何参与。
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negotiation
[名词]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

谈判, 协商

谈判, 协商

Ex: The team entered negotiation with a strong position and clear objectives .团队以强势的立场和明确的目标进入了**谈判**。
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opposition
[名词]

the main political party opposed to the government

反对党

反对党

Ex: The opposition accused the government of suppressing free speech and dissent .**反对党**指责政府压制言论自由和异议。
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policy
[名词]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

政策

政策

Ex: The school district adopted a zero-tolerance policy for bullying.该学区对欺凌行为采取了零容忍**政策**。
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presidency
[名词]

the period of time during which a president is in power

总统职位, 总统任期

总统职位, 总统任期

Ex: The presidency of Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War was a defining period in American history .亚伯拉罕·林肯在内战期间的**总统任期**是美国历史上一个决定性的时期。
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to run for
[动词]

to participate in an election as a candidate

竞选, 为...而跑

竞选, 为...而跑

Ex: She announced her intention to run for a seat in the parliament .她宣布了她**竞选**议会席位的意向。
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seat
[名词]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

席位, 座位

席位, 座位

Ex: Each seat in the council represents a different district of the city .理事会中的每个**席位**代表城市的不同地区。
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voting
[名词]

the process or action of choosing someone during an election

投票

投票

Ex: The voting results were delayed due to technical issues with the counting system .由于计票系统的技术问题,**投票**结果被推迟了。
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territory
[名词]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

领土, 地区

领土, 地区

Ex: Citizens of the territory voted in a referendum to decide on their future political status .该**领土**的公民在公投中投票决定他们未来的政治地位。
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to negotiate
[动词]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

谈判, 协商

谈判, 协商

Ex: The homebuyers and sellers negotiated the price and terms of the real estate transaction .购房者和卖家**协商**了房地产交易的价格和条款。
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conspiracy
[名词]

a plan which is a secret and made by a group of people to do something illegal or to kill someone

阴谋, 密谋

阴谋, 密谋

Ex: They were charged with conspiracy to defraud investors out of millions of dollars .他们被指控**共谋**诈骗投资者数百万美元。
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crackdown
[名词]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

镇压, 严厉打击

镇压, 严厉打击

Ex: The crackdown on organized crime gangs resulted in a series of raids and arrests across the city .对有组织犯罪团伙的**打击**导致全市范围内的一系列突袭和逮捕。
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repression
[名词]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

镇压, 压迫

镇压, 压迫

Ex: The history of the nation is marked by periods of severe repression under authoritarian rule .这个国家的历史以威权统治下的严重**镇压**时期为标志。
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the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

总理, 政府首脑

总理, 政府首脑

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.**总理**的任期在议会成功通过不信任投票后结束。
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a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

Ex: Department of Homeland Security collaborates with other federal , state , and local agencies to enhance national resilience against terrorism and other threats .
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to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

Ex: The teacher's poor instruction led the students astray.
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senate
[名词]

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies

参议院, 上议院

参议院, 上议院

Ex: Bills must pass through the Senate before becoming law.法案必须通过**参议院**才能成为法律。
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B2级单词表
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