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Listă de Cuvinte Nivel B2 - Politică

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre politică, cum ar fi "federal", "revoluționar", "congres" etc., pregătite pentru cursanții de nivel B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
domestic
[adjectiv]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

intern, național

intern, național

Ex: The government focused on addressing domestic issues such as healthcare reform and unemployment. 
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federal
federal
[adjectiv]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal, central

federal, central

Ex: Federal laws apply uniformly across the entire country. 

Legile federale se aplică uniform pe întreg teritoriul țării.

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independent
independent
[adjectiv]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

independent

independent

Ex: An independent country has the right to govern its own affairs without external interference. 
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official
official
[adjectiv]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

oficial, funcționar

oficial, funcționar

Ex: As the official representative of the embassy, she handled diplomatic relations with neighboring countries. 
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presidential
presidential
[adjectiv]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

prezidențial, legat de președinție

prezidențial, legat de președinție

Ex: The presidential address outlined the government's priorities for the upcoming year. 

Discursul prezidențial a conturat prioritățile guvernului pentru anul următor.

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revolution
revolution
[substantiv]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revoluție

revoluție

Ex: The country experienced a revolution that changed the course of its history forever. 
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revolutionary
revolutionary
[adjectiv]

relating to, supporting, or involved in a political or social revolution

revoluționar,  revoluționară

revoluționar, revoluționară

Ex: The book examines revolutionary movements of the nineteenth century. 
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congress
congress
[substantiv]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

congres,  adunare

congres, adunare

Ex: Members of congress voted unanimously to pass the new healthcare reform bill. 
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conservative
conservative
[substantiv]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservator, tradiționalist

conservator, tradiționalist

Ex: The conservative candidate won the election by a narrow margin. 
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Conservative Party
Conservative Party
[substantiv]

a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

Partidul Conservator

Partidul Conservator

Ex: Historically, the Conservative Party has advocated for lower taxes and reduced government intervention in the economy. 

Istoric, Partidul Conservator a pledat pentru taxe mai mici și intervenție guvernamentală redusă în economie.

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Republican Party
Republican Party
[substantiv]

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

Partidul Republican, Partidul Republican al Statelor Unite

Partidul Republican, Partidul Republican al Statelor Unite

Ex: Many members of the Republican Party oppose expansive government programs and advocate for individual liberties. 

Mulți membri ai Partidului Republican se opun programelor guvernamentale expansive și susțin libertățile individuale.

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Democrat
Democrat
[substantiv]

a member or supporter of the Democratic Party in the United States

democrat, susținător al Partidului Democrat

democrat, susținător al Partidului Democrat

Ex: She has been a Democrat for most of her adult life. 
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Democratic Party
Democratic Party
[substantiv]

the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

Partidul Democrat, Partidul Democratic

Partidul Democrat, Partidul Democratic

Ex: The Democratic Party nominated Joe Biden as its presidential candidate for the 2020 election. 

Partidul Democrat l-a nominalizat pe Joe Biden drept candidat prezidențial pentru alegerile din 2020.

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labor party
labor party
[substantiv]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

Partidul Muncitoresc, Partidul Laburist

Partidul Muncitoresc, Partidul Laburist

Ex: The Labor Party introduced policies aimed at improving healthcare and education for all. 

Partidul Laburist a introdus politici care vizează îmbunătățirea asistenței medicale și a educației pentru toți.

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to back
to back
[verb]

to support someone or something

sprijini, susține

sprijini, susține

Ex: The teacher encouraged students to back their ideas with evidence and thoughtful arguments. 
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to debate
to debate
[verb]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

dezbate, discuta

dezbate, discuta

Ex: Residents gathered at the community center to debate the new development plans for the neighborhood. 
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to govern
to govern
[verb]

to officially rule and manage a country, region, or community

guverna,  conduce

guverna, conduce

Ex: The coalition governed the country for nearly a decade. 
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government
government
[substantiv]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

guvern

guvern

Ex: A parliamentary government differs from a presidential system in how the executive branch is structured and operates. 
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democracy
democracy
[substantiv]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

democrație, guvernarea poporului

democrație, guvernarea poporului

Ex: The party's platform is rooted in the principles of democracy and human rights. 
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dictatorship
dictatorship
[substantiv]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

dictatură, regim dictatorial

dictatură, regim dictatorial

Ex: Under the dictatorship, citizens had no freedom of speech or assembly. 

Sub dictatură, cetățenii nu aveau libertate de exprimare sau de adunare.

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kingdom
kingdom
[substantiv]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

regat, monarhie

regat, monarhie

Ex: After the king passed away, the kingdom was left in the hands of his young son. 
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monarchy
monarchy
[substantiv]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarhie, regat

monarhie, regat

Ex: The monarchy has existed in the country for centuries, with the king serving as the head of state. 

Monarhia există în țară de secole, regele servind ca șef al statului.

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independence
independence
[substantiv]

the state of being free from the control of others

independență, autonomie

independență, autonomie

Ex: Financial independence is one of his long-term goals. 
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human right
human right
[substantiv]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

dreptul omului

dreptul omului

Ex: Gender equality is a critical human right that ensures equal opportunities and treatment for people of all genders in education, employment, and political participation. 

Egalitatea de gen este un drept uman critic care asigură oportunități și tratament egal pentru persoanele de toate genurile în educație, angajare și participare politică.

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nation
nation
[substantiv]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

națiune, țară

națiune, țară

Ex: The United Nations consists of member nations from around the world, working together to promote peace and international cooperation. 
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to plot
to plot
[verb]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

a conspira, a pune la cale

a conspira, a pune la cale

Ex: The criminals were arrested before they could fully plot their scheme. 
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state
state
[substantiv]

a country under the control of one government

stat, națiune

stat, națiune

Ex: Germany is a European state known for its strong economy and commitment to democracy. 
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majority
majority
[substantiv]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

majoritate

majoritate

Ex: She won the leadership contest with a clear majority, gaining support from most delegates. 
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minister
minister
[substantiv]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

ministru

ministru

Ex: As head of the Department of Finance, the minister oversees the country's economic policies and fiscal management. 
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secretary
secretary
[substantiv]

the person who is the head of a US government department

secretar, ministru

secretar, ministru

Ex: The Secretary of Defense announced a new initiative to improve military readiness. 
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spokesperson
spokesperson
[substantiv]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

purtaț de cuvânt, reprezentant

purtaț de cuvânt, reprezentant

Ex: The spokesperson for the company issued a statement addressing the recent controversy. 

Purtațtorul de cuvânt al companiei a emis o declarație referitoare la recenta controversă.

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negotiation
negotiation
[substantiv]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

negociere, tratative

negociere, tratative

Ex: After hours of negotiation, the union and management finally reached a compromise. 
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opposition
opposition
[substantiv]

the main political party opposed to the government

opozitie

opozitie

Ex: The leader of the opposition promised to hold the government accountable for its actions. 
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policy
policy
[substantiv]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

politică

politică

Ex: The company implemented a strict no-smoking policy within its premises. 
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presidency
presidency
[substantiv]

the period of time during which a president is in power

președinție, mandat prezidențial

președinție, mandat prezidențial

Ex: His presidency was marked by significant economic reforms and social policies. 
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to run for

to participate in an election as a candidate

candida pentru, alerga pentru

candida pentru, alerga pentru

Ex: She decided to run for mayor in the upcoming election. 

Ea a decis să candidateze pentru funcția de primar în alegerile viitoare.

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seat
seat
[substantiv]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

scaun, loc

scaun, loc

Ex: The party lost several seats in the recent elections, reducing its influence in the legislature. 
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voting
voting
[substantiv]

the activity or process of choosing someone or something by casting votes, especially in an election or meeting

votare

votare

Ex: Voting will begin at nine in the morning. 
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territory
territory
[substantiv]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

teritoriu, regiune

teritoriu, regiune

Ex: The governor announced new policies to improve infrastructure in the northern territory. 
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to negotiate

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

negocia, trata

negocia, trata

Ex: The diplomats spent days negotiating the terms of the peace treaty between the two countries. 
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conspiracy
conspiracy
[substantiv]

a secret plan by a group to commit an unlawful, harmful, or treacherous act

conspirație, complot

conspirație, complot

Ex: The police uncovered a conspiracy to overthrow the government. 
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crackdown
crackdown
[substantiv]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

represiune, măsură dură

represiune, măsură dură

Ex: The government launched a crackdown on illegal immigration, leading to widespread arrests and deportations. 

Guvernul a lansat o represiune împotriva imigrației ilegale, ducând la arestări și deportări pe scară largă.

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repression
repression
[substantiv]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

reprimare, opresiune

reprimare, opresiune

Ex: The government's repression of the protests led to widespread condemnation from the international community. 

Represiunea protestelor de către guvern a condus la o condamnare larg răspândită din partea comunității internaționale.

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prime minister
prime minister
[substantiv]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

prim-ministru, șef al guvernului

prim-ministru, șef al guvernului

Ex: The Prime Minister addressed the nation to announce new economic measures aimed at boosting employment. 

Prim-ministrul s-a adresat națiunii pentru a anunța noi măsuri economice menite să stimuleze ocuparea forței de muncă.

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Department of Homeland Security

a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

Ex: DHS plays a crucial role in coordinating responses to natural disasters and emergencies across the country. 
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to [lead] astray

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

Ex: The cult leader led his followers astray. 
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Senate
Senate
[substantiv]

the upper chamber of the United States Congress

Senat,  senat

Senat, senat

Ex: The Senate considered the bill after it passed the House. 
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