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Seznam Slovíček Úrovně B2 - Politika

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o politice, jako jsou "federální", "revoluční", "kongres" atd., připravená pro studenty úrovně B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
domestic
domestic
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to activities, issues, or affairs within a particular country

vnitřní, národní

vnitřní, národní

Ex: Domestic policy decisions affect the lives of citizens within a country. 
federal
federal
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federální, ústřední

federální, ústřední

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities, including infrastructure and social services. 

Federální rozpočet přiděluje prostředky na národní priority, včetně infrastruktury a sociálních služeb.

independent
independent
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

nezávislý

nezávislý

Ex: After years of struggle, the nation finally became independent from colonial rule. 
official
official
[Přídavné jméno]

holding a position of authority or responsibility within an organization or government

oficiální, úřední

oficiální, úřední

Ex: The official spokesperson for the company addressed the media regarding the incident. 
presidential
presidential
[Přídavné jméno]

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

prezidentský, vztahující se k předsednictví

prezidentský, vztahující se k předsednictví

Ex: The presidential inauguration marks the beginning of a new term in office. 

Prezidentská inaugurace označuje začátek nového funkčního období.

revolution
revolution
[Podstatné jméno]

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revoluce

revoluce

Ex: The revolution led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. 
revolutionary
revolutionary
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to, supporting, or involved in a political or social revolution

revoluční,  revoluční

revoluční, revoluční

Ex: The museum displayed posters produced during the revolutionary period. 
congress
congress
[Podstatné jméno]

a formal meeting of representatives from various regions within a country to discuss and make decisions on national issues

kongres,  shromáždění

kongres, shromáždění

Ex: The congress debated the proposed amendments to the constitution late into the night. 
conservative
conservative
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

konzervativec, tradicionalista

konzervativec, tradicionalista

Ex: She describes herself as a conservative. 
Conservative Party
Conservative Party
[Podstatné jméno]

a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

Konzervativní strana

Konzervativní strana

Ex: The Conservative Party believes in preserving traditional values and institutions like the monarchy. 

Konzervativní strana věří v zachování tradičních hodnot a institucí, jako je monarchie.

Republican Party
Republican Party
[Podstatné jméno]

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

Republikánská strana, Republikánská strana Spojených států

Republikánská strana, Republikánská strana Spojených států

Ex: In Congress, the Republican Party often works to block legislation that increases government spending. 

V Kongresu Republikánská strana často pracuje na zablokování legislativy, která zvyšuje vládní výdaje.

Democrat
Democrat
[Podstatné jméno]

a member or supporter of the Democratic Party in the United States

demokrat, člen Demokratické strany

demokrat, člen Demokratické strany

Ex: The debate included both Democrats and Republicans. 
Democratic Party
Democratic Party
[Podstatné jméno]

the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

Demokratická strana, Demokratická Strana

Demokratická strana, Demokratická Strana

Ex: Democratic Party leaders have proposed legislation to increase the federal minimum wage and support working families with childcare subsidies. 

Vedoucí představitelé Demokratické strany navrhli legislativu ke zvýšení federální minimální mzdy a podpoře pracujících rodin s dotacemi na péči o děti.

labor party
labor party
[Podstatné jméno]

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

Strana práce, Dělnická strana

Strana práce, Dělnická strana

Ex: The Labor Party won a significant number of seats in parliament, shifting the political landscape. 

Strana práce získala významný počet křesel v parlamentu, což změnilo politickou krajinu.

to back
to back
[sloveso]

to support someone or something

podporovat, podpořit

podporovat, podpořit

Ex: The team decided to back their captain's decision during the crucial match. 
to debate
to debate
[sloveso]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

debatovat, diskutovat

debatovat, diskutovat

Ex: The candidates took the stage to debate their views on important issues in front of a live audience 
to govern
to govern
[sloveso]

to officially rule and manage a country, region, or community

vládnout,  řídit

vládnout, řídit

Ex: Several different parties have governed the country since independence. 
government
government
[Podstatné jméno]

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

vláda

vláda

Ex: In a democratic government, leaders are elected by the people through free and fair elections. 
democracy
democracy
[Podstatné jméno]

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

demokracie, vláda lidu

demokracie, vláda lidu

Ex: She strongly believes in democracy and advocates for government by the people. 
dictatorship
dictatorship
[Podstatné jméno]

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

diktatura, diktátorský režim

diktatura, diktátorský režim

Ex: Many countries fought against dictatorship in the 20th century. 

Mnoho zemí bojovalo proti diktatuře ve 20. století.

kingdom
kingdom
[Podstatné jméno]

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

království, monarchie

království, monarchie

Ex: The ancient kingdom was known for its powerful armies and vast territories. 
monarchy
monarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarchie, království

monarchie, království

Ex: In a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen's powers are limited by law. 

V konstituční monarchii jsou pravomoci krále nebo královny omezeny zákonem.

independence
independence
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being free from the control of others

nezávislost, autonomie

nezávislost, autonomie

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
human right
human right
[Podstatné jméno]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

lidské právo

lidské právo

Ex: Freedom of speech and expression is a fundamental human right that allows individuals to voice their opinions without fear of censorship or retaliation. 

Svoboda projevu a vyjadřování je základní lidské právo, které umožňuje jednotlivcům vyjadřovat své názory bez obav z cenzury nebo odvety.

nation
nation
[Podstatné jméno]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

národ, země

národ, země

Ex: France is a nation known for its art, cuisine, and strong sense of national identity. 
to plot
to plot
[sloveso]

to secretly make a plan to harm someone or do something illegal

koutat pikle, intrikovat

koutat pikle, intrikovat

Ex: The group of conspirators plotted to sabotage the competitor's business by spreading false rumors. 
state
state
[Podstatné jméno]

a country under the control of one government

stát, národ

stát, národ

Ex: The United States is a powerful state with significant influence in global politics and economics. 
majority
majority
[Podstatné jméno]

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

většina

většina

Ex: The candidate won by a majority of 10,000 votes. 
minister
minister
[Podstatné jméno]

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

ministr

ministr

Ex: The health minister announced new public health measures. 
secretary
secretary
[Podstatné jméno]

the person who is the head of a US government department

tajemník, ministr

tajemník, ministr

Ex: The Secretary of State plays a crucial role in shaping U.S. foreign policy. 
spokesperson
spokesperson
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

mluvčí, zástupce

mluvčí, zástupce

Ex: The spokesperson denied any involvement of the company in the allegations. 

Mluvčí popřel jakékoli zapojení společnosti do obvinění.

negotiation
negotiation
[Podstatné jméno]

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

jednání, vyjednávání

jednání, vyjednávání

Ex: The negotiation between the two countries resulted in a historic peace treaty. 
opposition
opposition
[Podstatné jméno]

the main political party opposed to the government

opozice

opozice

Ex: The opposition criticized the government's handling of the economic crisis. 
policy
policy
[Podstatné jméno]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

politika

politika

Ex: The government introduced a new fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth. 
presidency
presidency
[Podstatné jméno]

the period of time during which a president is in power

prezidentství, prezidentské období

prezidentství, prezidentské období

Ex: The country experienced major economic changes during his presidency. 
to run for
to run for
[sloveso]

to participate in an election as a candidate

kandidovat na, běhat pro

kandidovat na, běhat pro

Ex: She announced her intention to run for a seat in the parliament. 

Oznámila svůj záměr kandidovat na místo v parlamentu.

seat
seat
[Podstatné jméno]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

místo, křeslo

místo, křeslo

Ex: She won a seat in parliament in the last election, representing her local constituency. 
voting
voting
[Podstatné jméno]

the activity or process of choosing someone or something by casting votes, especially in an election or meeting

hlasování

hlasování

Ex: Voting ended shortly before the results were announced. 
territory
territory
[Podstatné jméno]

a geographic area belonging to or ruled by a government or authority

území, oblast

území, oblast

Ex: The disputed territory has been a source of conflict between the two neighboring countries for decades. 
to negotiate
to negotiate
[sloveso]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

vyjednávat, jednat

vyjednávat, jednat

Ex: The two companies are negotiating a new contract. 
conspiracy
conspiracy
[Podstatné jméno]

a secret plan by a group to commit an unlawful, harmful, or treacherous act

spiknutí, konspirace

spiknutí, konspirace

Ex: The conspiracy was planned in secrecy for months. 

Spiknutí bylo plánováno v tajnosti po celé měsíce.

crackdown
crackdown
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

represe, tvrdá opatření

represe, tvrdá opatření

Ex: The crackdown on organized crime gangs resulted in a series of raids and arrests across the city. 

Potlačení organizovaných zločineckých gangů vedlo k sérii razií a zatýkání po celém městě.

repression
repression
[Podstatné jméno]

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

represe, útlak

represe, útlak

Ex: The history of the nation is marked by periods of severe repression under authoritarian rule. 

Historie národa je poznamenána obdobími tvrdé represe pod autoritativní vládou.

prime minister
prime minister
[Podstatné jméno]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

premiér, šéf vlády

premiér, šéf vlády

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament. 

Funkční období premiéra skončilo po úspěšném hlasování o nedůvěře v parlamentu.

Department of Homeland Security

a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

Ex: The Department of Homeland Security oversees efforts to secure borders and prevent illegal immigration into the United States. 
to [lead] astray

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

Ex: The teacher's poor instruction led the students astray. 
Senate
Senate
[Podstatné jméno]

the upper chamber of the United States Congress

Senát,  senát

Senát, senát

Ex: The measure returned to the Senate for another vote. 
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