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Lingüística - Phonology

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la fonología como "cluster", "sonoridad" y "dígrafo".

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Words Related to Linguistics
coda
[Sustantivo]

the final part of a syllable, occurring after the nucleus

coda, parte final de una sílaba

coda, parte final de una sílaba

nucleus
[Sustantivo]

the central and typically sonorous part of a syllable, usually occupied by a vowel or a vowel-like sound

núcleo, nucleus

núcleo, nucleus

onset
[Sustantivo]

the initial sound or sounds of a syllable that come before the vowel, forming the beginning part of a syllable and can consist of one or more consonant sounds

ataque, inicial

ataque, inicial

cluster
[Sustantivo]

a sequence of two or more consonant sounds that occur together without an intervening vowel in a syllable

grupo consonántico

grupo consonántico

minimal pair
[Sustantivo]

a pair of words in a language that differ in meaning by only one phoneme, demonstrating that the phoneme contrast is significant for distinguishing words

par mínimo, pareja mínima

par mínimo, pareja mínima

phonological rule
[Sustantivo]

a systematic pattern or process in a language that governs the way phonemes or sounds interact with each other, influencing their pronunciation or distribution within words and sentences

regla fonológica, ley fonológica

regla fonológica, ley fonológica

assimilation
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process where a sound becomes more similar to a neighboring sound in terms of one or more of its phonetic features

asimilación, asimilación fonética

asimilación, asimilación fonética

elision
[Sustantivo]

the phonological process of omitting or deleting a sound or sounds in connected speech, typically in order to facilitate smoother and faster pronunciation

elisión

elisión

dissimilation
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which two similar or adjacent sounds in a word become less similar or distinct from each other

disimilación, disimilación fonológica

disimilación, disimilación fonológica

epenthesis
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which a sound or phoneme is inserted into a word, typically to break up a consonant cluster or improve phonotactic constraints

epéntesis, inserción fonética

epéntesis, inserción fonética

Ex: The study of epenthesis sheds light on the mechanisms behind speech production and perception , revealing patterns of phonological adaptation in languages .El estudio de la **epéntesis** arroja luz sobre los mecanismos detrás de la producción y percepción del habla, revelando patrones de adaptación fonológica en los idiomas.
deletion
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which a sound or phoneme is removed or omitted from a word

supresión, elisión

supresión, elisión

a characteristic or property of a sound that distinguishes it from other sounds in a particular language

rasgo distintivo, característica distintiva

rasgo distintivo, característica distintiva

juncture
[Sustantivo]

the way speech sounds are connected and organized, including pauses, sound blending, and overall rhythm, influencing word boundaries and speech interpretation

unión, articulación

unión, articulación

metathesis
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which sounds or syllables in a word are rearranged or switched positions, resulting in a change in the order of phonemes or syllables within the word

metátesis, transposición

metátesis, transposición

Ex: The occurrence of metathesis highlights the fluid nature of language and its capacity for phonological variation over time .La ocurrencia de la **metátesis** destaca la naturaleza fluida del lenguaje y su capacidad para la variación fonológica a lo largo del tiempo.
neutralization
[Sustantivo]

the phonological process in which phonemic distinctions between sounds are lost or neutralized in specific phonetic contexts, resulting in a single phonetic realization

neutralización, neutralización fonológica

neutralización, neutralización fonológica

sonority
[Sustantivo]

the relative loudness, prominence, or audibility of speech sounds, often associated with their acoustic properties and the degree of constriction in the vocal tract during their production

sonoridad, resonancia

sonoridad, resonancia

a type of language where the syllables are organized in a way that the stressed syllables occur at relatively regular intervals, resulting in a rhythmic pattern of speech

lengua de ritmo acentual, lengua con tiempo de estrés

lengua de ritmo acentual, lengua con tiempo de estrés

a type of language where each syllable is given roughly equal time and stress, resulting in a more evenly paced and rhythmic pattern of speech

lengua de tiempo silábico, lengua de ritmo silábico

lengua de tiempo silábico, lengua de ritmo silábico

lenition
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process where a consonant becomes weaker or less prominent in terms of articulation, often resulting in its softening, reduction, or loss of certain features

lenición, suavización consonántica

lenición, suavización consonántica

rendaku
[Sustantivo]

a phonological phenomenon in Japanese where the initial consonant of the second element in a compound word undergoes voicing or consonant softening

rendaku, fenómeno fonológico en japonés donde la consonante inicial del segundo elemento de una palabra compuesta sufre una sonorización o suavizado consonántico

rendaku, fenómeno fonológico en japonés donde la consonante inicial del segundo elemento de una palabra compuesta sufre una sonorización o suavizado consonántico

sandhi
[Sustantivo]

the phonological process in which the pronunciation of sounds changes when they occur in specific phonetic contexts or in continuous speech

sandhi, el proceso fonológico

sandhi, el proceso fonológico

a phonological process where a consonant undergoes systematic changes in its articulation or voicing depending on its position within a word or in certain morphological contexts

gradación consonántica, alternancia consonántica

gradación consonántica, alternancia consonántica

vowel harmony
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which vowels within a word or across adjacent words become more similar or assimilate to each other in terms of certain phonetic features

armonía vocálica, armonía de vocales

armonía vocálica, armonía de vocales

Ex: Linguists study vowel harmony to understand how phonological rules govern vowel distribution and consistency within languages .Los lingüistas estudian **la armonía vocálica** para entender cómo las reglas fonológicas gobiernan la distribución y la consistencia de las vocales dentro de los idiomas.
tone sandhi
[Sustantivo]

the phonological phenomenon where the tone of a word or syllable changes based on its position or interaction with neighboring tones, typically occurring in tonal languages

sandhi tonal, cambio tonal

sandhi tonal, cambio tonal

tonal language
[Sustantivo]

a language in which variations in pitch or tone can distinguish different words or convey different meanings

lengua tonal

lengua tonal

imbrication
[Sustantivo]

the overlapping and blending of language elements, such as sounds or grammatical structures, within speech or writing

imbricación, superposición

imbricación, superposición

Ex: In her study , she explored the imbrication of language and identity among bilingual communities .En su estudio, exploró la **imbricación** del lenguaje y la identidad entre las comunidades bilingües.
syncope
[Sustantivo]

(phonetics) the omission or loss of one or more sounds from the pronunciation of a word

síncopa lingüística

síncopa lingüística

digraph
[Sustantivo]

a pair of characters used to represent a single sound, such as "sh" or "th", in phonetics or linguistics

dígrafo

dígrafo

Ex: Understanding digraphs can help English language learners decipher unfamiliar words more easily .Entender los **dígrafos** puede ayudar a los estudiantes de inglés a descifrar palabras desconocidas con más facilidad.
nasalization
[Sustantivo]

the process of producing a sound with nasal resonance, where air flows through the nasal cavity while a sound is being articulated

nasalización, nasalidad

nasalización, nasalidad

insertion
[Sustantivo]

the process of adding sounds, typically vowels or consonants, into a word or morpheme that are not present in its underlying or base form

inserción, la inserción

inserción, la inserción

prothesis
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which a sound or phoneme is added at the beginning of a word, typically to facilitate pronunciation or conform to phonotactic constraints

prótesis, adición fonética

prótesis, adición fonética

terminal devoicing
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which voiced consonants at the end of a word are pronounced as voiceless

desonorización final, ensordecimiento terminal

desonorización final, ensordecimiento terminal

ablaut
[Sustantivo]

a phonological phenomenon where a vowel in a word changes systematically to indicate grammatical or derivational distinctions, often resulting in different word forms or meanings

ablaut, alternancia vocálica

ablaut, alternancia vocálica

a phonological process in which a sound is modified or assimilated to match a neighboring sound that comes after it

asimilación regresiva, asimilación hacia atrás

asimilación regresiva, asimilación hacia atrás

haplology
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which a repeated or similar sequence of sounds within a word or phrase is simplified or deleted, resulting in the loss of one of the similar elements

haplología, simplificación fonética

haplología, simplificación fonética

a phonological process in which a voiceless consonant between two vowels becomes voiced, typically due to the influence of the surrounding vowel sounds

sonorización intervocálica, voceo intervocálico

sonorización intervocálica, voceo intervocálico

vowel reduction
[Sustantivo]

the process in which a vowel in an unstressed position or in a particular phonological context becomes centralized or weakened, resulting in a reduced vowel quality

reducción vocálica, debilitamiento vocálico

reducción vocálica, debilitamiento vocálico

palatalization
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which a sound, typically a consonant, becomes palatal or acquires palatal characteristics under the influence of a neighboring palatal sound or due to the position within a particular linguistic environment

palatalización, mollificación

palatalización, mollificación

vrddhi
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in Sanskrit and other Indo-Aryan languages where a vowel lengthens or becomes long as a result of specific phonetic and phonological conditions, often related to the presence of certain consonants or morphological factors

un proceso fonológico en sánscrito y otras lenguas indoarias donde una vocal se alarga o se vuelve larga como resultado de condiciones fonéticas y fonológicas específicas,  a menudo relacionadas con la presencia de ciertas consonantes o factores morfológicos

un proceso fonológico en sánscrito y otras lenguas indoarias donde una vocal se alarga o se vuelve larga como resultado de condiciones fonéticas y fonológicas específicas, a menudo relacionadas con la presencia de ciertas consonantes o factores morfológicos

crasis
[Sustantivo]

the linguistic phenomenon where two or more adjacent words merge together, typically resulting in the contraction or fusion of sounds or syllables

crasis, fusión fonética

crasis, fusión fonética

zero consonant
[Sustantivo]

a phonological phenomenon where a consonant sound is not pronounced in a particular position within a word or a specific language context, often resulting in a phonetic gap or absence of sound

consonante cero, ausencia de consonante

consonante cero, ausencia de consonante

allomorph
[Sustantivo]

any of the variant forms of a morpheme, which are phonetically or phonologically conditioned

alomorfo, variante de un morfema

alomorfo, variante de un morfema

sound symbolism
[Sustantivo]

the phenomenon where certain sounds or phonetic patterns are associated with specific meanings or qualities, often independent of linguistic convention or arbitrary assignment

simbolismo sonoro, simbolismo fonético

simbolismo sonoro, simbolismo fonético

mora
[Sustantivo]

a unit of phonological timing that determines the length or duration of a syllable or a vowel sound

mora, unidad de tiempo fonológico

mora, unidad de tiempo fonológico

null allomorph
[Sustantivo]

a silent or phonetically empty form of a morpheme that represents its absence in certain linguistic environments

alomorfo nulo, nulo alomorfo

alomorfo nulo, nulo alomorfo

cluster reduction
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process in which one or more consonants in a consonant cluster are omitted or simplified in pronunciation

reducción de grupo consonántico, simplificación consonántica

reducción de grupo consonántico, simplificación consonántica

rhotacism
[Sustantivo]

a phonological process or phenomenon where a non-"r" sound is changed or replaced by an "r" sound, commonly observed in language evolution or dialectal variations

rotacismo, fenómeno de rotacismo

rotacismo, fenómeno de rotacismo

palindrome
[Sustantivo]

a word or phrase or sentence that is read the same backward as forward

palíndromo

palíndromo

onomatopoeia
[Sustantivo]

a word that mimics the sound it represents

onomatopeya

onomatopeya

Ex: The use of onomatopoeia adds vividness and immediacy to descriptive writing .El uso de **onomatopeya** añade viveza e inmediatez a la escritura descriptiva.
phonestheme
[Sustantivo]

a recurring sound pattern or sequence of phonemes that is associated with a particular meaning or connotation in language

fonestema, tema fónico recurrente

fonestema, tema fónico recurrente

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