pattern

Lingüística - Pragmática y Análisis del Discurso

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la pragmática y el análisis del discurso como "diálogo", "cohesión" y "equívoco".

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Words Related to Linguistics
linguistic context
[Sustantivo]

the surrounding linguistic elements that contribute to the interpretation and meaning of a specific expression or utterance

contexto lingüístico, marco lingüístico

contexto lingüístico, marco lingüístico

deixis
[Sustantivo]

the phenomenon in language where the interpretation of certain words or expressions depends on the context of the speaker, listener, and the surrounding situation

deíxis, fenómeno deíctico

deíxis, fenómeno deíctico

person deixis
[Sustantivo]

a type of deixis that involves the use of pronouns and verb forms to refer to the participants in a conversation

deixis personal, deixis de persona

deixis personal, deixis de persona

spatial deixis
[Sustantivo]

a type of deixis that involves the use of language to refer to spatial locations, such as indicating the direction, distance, or proximity of objects or places in relation to the speaker or the context of the conversation

deíxis espacial, referencia espacial

deíxis espacial, referencia espacial

temporal deixis
[Sustantivo]

a type of deixis that involves the use of language to refer to specific points in time, such as indicating the past, present, or future, or expressing temporal relations and sequencing of events

deíxis temporal, referencia temporal

deíxis temporal, referencia temporal

direct speech
[Sustantivo]

the representation of someone's words using quotation marks, presenting their exact utterances as they were spoken or written

estilo directo

estilo directo

indirect speech
[Sustantivo]

the representation of someone's words by reporting or paraphrasing their statements without using direct quotation marks

estilo indirecto

estilo indirecto

speech act
[Sustantivo]

an utterance or expression that not only conveys meaning but also performs a particular function or action in communication, such as making a request, giving an order, or making a promise

acto de habla, acto lingüístico

acto de habla, acto lingüístico

reference
[Sustantivo]

the act of referring to or indicating something or someone in language, where words or expressions are used to point to or denote specific entities, objects, or concepts

referencia, alusión

referencia, alusión

a communicative behavior or action that poses a risk to someone's positive face, their desired self-image or social identity, potentially leading to face loss or face-threatening situations.

acto amenazante para la imagen, comportamiento que amenaza la imagen

acto amenazante para la imagen, comportamiento que amenaza la imagen

expression
[Sustantivo]

a word or phrase, often an idiomatic one

expresión

expresión

Ex: The idiom “ spill the beans ” is an expression meaning to reveal a secret .El modismo “spill the beans” es una **expresión** que significa revelar un secreto.
caregiver speech
[Sustantivo]

a speech style characterized by simplified language, exaggerated prosody, repetition, and high pitch, commonly used by caregivers when interacting with infants and young children

habla de cuidadores, lenguaje infantilizado

habla de cuidadores, lenguaje infantilizado

connected speech
[Sustantivo]

the natural flow of spoken language where words and sounds are connected together, often resulting in changes in pronunciation, elision of sounds, and modifications in speech patterns

discurso conectado, habla enlazada

discurso conectado, habla enlazada

discourse marker
[Sustantivo]

a linguistic element or phrase used in speech or writing to indicate the structure, organization, or relationship between different parts of a discourse, often serving to facilitate communication and signal the speaker's intentions or attitudes

marcador del discurso, indicador del discurso

marcador del discurso, indicador del discurso

framing
[Sustantivo]

the cognitive and linguistic process of shaping and presenting information in a particular way to influence how people perceive and interpret it

encuadre, enmarcado

encuadre, enmarcado

dialogue
[Sustantivo]

a conversation or exchange of ideas between two or more individuals, typically characterized by turn-taking, interactive communication, and mutual understanding

diálogo

diálogo

discourse
[Sustantivo]

the use of language in a larger context, including conversations, written texts, and social interactions, where meaning is constructed and communicated through the organization and flow of language

discurso, interacción verbal

discurso, interacción verbal

intertextuality
[Sustantivo]

the interconnectedness and referencing of texts, where one text refers to or influences another, creating layers of meaning and a complex web of relationships between texts

intertextualidad, la intertextualidad

intertextualidad, la intertextualidad

Ex: The filmmaker 's reliance on intertextuality is evident in the movie 's numerous nods to iconic scenes from classic films , creating a dialogue between past and present cinematic techniques .La dependencia del cineasta en la **intertextualidad** es evidente en los numerosos guiños de la película a escenas icónicas de películas clásicas, creando un diálogo entre las técnicas cinematográficas pasadas y presentes.
text
[Sustantivo]

anything that is in written form

texto

texto

Ex: The exhibit featured ancient Egyptian texts inscribed on papyrus scrolls .La exhibición presentaba **textos** egipcios antiguos inscritos en rollos de papiro.
pejorative
[Sustantivo]

language, words, or expressions that convey a negative or derogatory connotation and are intended to belittle, criticize, or insult someone or something

peyorativo, término despectivo

peyorativo, término despectivo

turn-taking
[Sustantivo]

the process by which participants in a conversation alternate speaking and listening, following certain rules and cues to facilitate smooth and coherent communication

toma de turnos, alternancia en el habla

toma de turnos, alternancia en el habla

hedge
[Sustantivo]

a linguistic device used to express uncertainty or vagueness, often through words or phrases that indicate a lack of commitment or certainty in one's statement

atenuación, precaución oratoria

atenuación, precaución oratoria

implicature
[Sustantivo]

the meaning that is inferred or implied by a speaker in a conversation, beyond the literal or explicit meaning of the words used, relying on context and shared knowledge between the participants

implicatura, sobreentendido

implicatura, sobreentendido

coherence
[Sustantivo]

the overall sense of unity, logic, and connectedness in a text or discourse, where the ideas, information, and elements are organized and presented in a clear and meaningful way

coherencia, lógica

coherencia, lógica

cohesion
[Sustantivo]

the linguistic mechanisms used to create connections and coherence within a text by employing various cohesive devices and techniques

cohesión

cohesión

cohesion tie
[Sustantivo]

a specific linguistic element or device that connects different parts of a text, contributing to the overall coherence and unity of the discourse

vínculo de cohesión, elemento de cohesión

vínculo de cohesión, elemento de cohesión

circumlocution
[Sustantivo]

the use of an indirect expression to describe something

rodeo

rodeo

Ex: In her speech , the CEO used circumlocution to discuss possible layoffs , referring to them as " potential restructuring measures " to soften the impact .En su discurso, la CEO utilizó la **circunlocución** para hablar de posibles despidos, refiriéndose a ellos como "medidas de reestructuración potenciales" para suavizar el impacto.
euphemism
[Sustantivo]

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

eufemismo

eufemismo

Ex: In polite conversation , people might use the euphemism ' restroom ' or ' bathroom ' instead of ' toilet ' to refer to a place where one can relieve themselves .En una conversación educada, la gente podría usar el **eufemismo** 'baño' o 'aseo' en lugar de 'inodoro' para referirse a un lugar donde uno puede aliviarse.
equivocation
[Sustantivo]

the deliberate use of ambiguous language or expressions to avoid making a clear or definite statement

equívoco, ambigüedad

equívoco, ambigüedad

holophrasis
[Sustantivo]

(linguistics) the prelinguistic practice of expressing a whole idea in a single word

holofrase

holofrase

colloquialism
[Sustantivo]

a word or phrase that is not formal or literary and is used in everyday conversations

lengua coloquial

lengua coloquial

malapropism
[Sustantivo]

the humorous and incorrect use of a word that sounds similar to the intended word

malapropismo

malapropismo

Ex: The teacher ’s malapropism, when she said " the law of supply and demand " as " the law of supply and demand , " led to a lighthearted classroom moment .El **malapropismo** del profesor, cuando dijo "la ley de la oferta y la demanda" como "la ley de la oferta y la demanda", condujo a un momento divertido en el aula.
utterance
[Sustantivo]

a unit of speech or writing that is complete and coherent, usually consisting of one or more words and conveying a specific meaning or message

enunciado, expresión

enunciado, expresión

pleonasm
[Sustantivo]

(linguistics) the redundant use of words in a way that might be considered a fault of style, or to create an emphatic effect

pleonasmo

pleonasmo

tmesis
[Sustantivo]

(linguistics) the separation of parts of a compound word by insertion of one or more words, often in informal speech

tmesis, encabalgamiento léxico

tmesis, encabalgamiento léxico

a question that is not meant to be answered, but is instead used to make a point or to create emphasis or effect

pregunta retórica, interrogación retórica

pregunta retórica, interrogación retórica

Ex: " Who does n't want to succeed ? " is a rhetorical question used to make everyone think .« ¿Quién no quiere triunfar? » es una **pregunta retórica** utilizada para hacer pensar a todos.
display question
[Sustantivo]

a type of interrogative sentence that is asked not to obtain information but rather to make a statement or express an attitude

pregunta retórica, pregunta oratoria

pregunta retórica, pregunta oratoria

a type of interrogative sentence that seeks specific information or references a particular entity, object, or concept

pregunta referencial

pregunta referencial

focus
[Sustantivo]

the emphasis or prominence placed on a particular element or information in a sentence or discourse

enfoque, concentración

enfoque, concentración

bilingual pun
[Sustantivo]

a wordplay or joke that relies on the use of multiple languages, often involving the similarity or ambiguity of words or phrases in different languages to create humorous or clever effects

juego de palabras bilingüe, chiste bilingüe

juego de palabras bilingüe, chiste bilingüe

backchannel
[Sustantivo]

the verbal and non-verbal cues, such as nodding, "uh-huh," or other short responses, that listeners use to indicate their engagement and understanding during a conversation

retroalimentación, señales de escucha activa

retroalimentación, señales de escucha activa

proverb
[Sustantivo]

a well-known statement or phrase that expresses a general truth or gives advice

refrán, proverbio

refrán, proverbio

Ex: Many cultures have a version of the proverb ' The early bird catches the worm , ' which highlights the benefits of being proactive and starting tasks early .Muchas culturas tienen una versión del **proverbio** 'A quien madruga, Dios le ayuda', que destaca los beneficios de ser proactivo y comenzar las tareas temprano.
deictic
[Sustantivo]

a word or expression that relies on the context of the utterance for its interpretation, particularly in terms of spatial, temporal, or personal reference

deíctico, palabra deíctica

deíctico, palabra deíctica

Lingüística
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