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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Académico - Prueba 2 - Lectura - Pasaje 2

Aprende vocabulario del Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic, Test 2 Reading Passage 2, y repasa palabras y expresiones útiles de este texto de lectura.

Revisión

Tarjetas de memoria

formas

Ortografía

Cuestionario

Empezar a aprender
Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic
syndrome
syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

síndrome

síndrome

Ex: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. 

El síndrome del intestino irritable es un trastorno gastrointestinal común caracterizado por dolor abdominal, hinchazón y cambios en los hábitos intestinales.

to threaten

to indicate a potential danger or risk to someone or something

amenazar

amenazar

Ex: The predator's presence in the area threatened the smaller animals. 

La presencia del depredador en el área amenazaba a los animales más pequeños.

notorious
notorious
[Adjetivo]

widely known for something negative or unfavorable

de mala fama

de mala fama

Ex: That street is notorious for being dangerous at night. 

Esa calle es notoria por ser peligrosa por la noche.

contagious
contagious
[Adjetivo]

(of a disease) transmittable from one person to another through close contact

contagioso

contagioso

Ex: Measles is a highly contagious disease that can spread rapidly among unvaccinated populations. 

El sarampión es una enfermedad contagiosa que puede propagarse rápidamente entre poblaciones no vacunadas.

to pop up
to pop up
[Verbo]

to appear or happen unexpectedly

aparecer de repente

aparecer de repente

Ex: I hadn't seen him for years, then he just popped up at the reunion. 

No lo había visto en años, y luego simplemente apareció en la reunión.

to burn out

to destroy completely, especially by fire

quemar por completo, calcinar

quemar por completo, calcinar

Ex: The forest fire burned the dry grass out. 

El incendio forestal quemó la hierba seca.

to subject
to subject
[Verbo]

to make someone experience something unpleasant

someter

someter

Ex: The economic downturn subjected many small businesses to financial challenges and closures. 
millennium
millennium
[Sustantivo]

a period of one thousand years, usually calculated from the year of the birth of Jesus Christ

milenio

milenio

Ex: The medieval cathedral took nearly a millennium to complete, showcasing exquisite craftsmanship. 

La catedral medieval tardó casi un milenio en completarse, mostrando una artesanía exquisita.

to reverse
to reverse
[Verbo]

to change something such as a process, situation, etc. to be the opposite of what it was before

invertir

invertir

Ex: The school board voted to reverse the decision to eliminate art and music programs. 

La junta escolar votó para revertir la decisión de eliminar los programas de arte y música.

institute
institute
[Sustantivo]

an organization focused on a specific field of study or training, offering programs and services related to science, technology, medicine, business, or the arts

instituto, centro

instituto, centro

identical
identical
[Adjetivo]

similar in every detail and totally alike

idéntico

idéntico

Ex: The test results for the two samples were identical, confirming their purity. 

Los resultados de las pruebas para las dos muestras fueron idénticos, lo que confirma su pureza.

practical
practical
[Adjetivo]

(of a method, idea, or plan) likely to be successful or effective

práctico

práctico

Ex: The team developed a practical plan to improve productivity. 

El equipo desarrolló un plan práctico para mejorar la productividad.

template
template
[Sustantivo]

a model or standard for making comparisons

plantilla, modelo

plantilla, modelo

insertion
insertion
[Sustantivo]

the act of putting one thing into another

inserción, introducción

inserción, introducción

strand
strand
[Sustantivo]

a single slender thread of something such as a fiber, hair, etc.

pelo

pelo

hybrid
hybrid
[Sustantivo]

an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties

híbrido

híbrido

Ex: The gardener planted a hybrid in her vegetable patch, knowing it would yield more fruit and be less susceptible to disease than purebred varieties. 

El jardinero plantó un híbrido en su huerto, sabiendo que produciría más fruta y sería menos susceptible a enfermedades que las variedades puras.

based
based
[Adjetivo]

having a base

basado, fundado

basado, fundado

questionable
questionable
[Adjetivo]

doubtful or uncertain in terms of quality, reliability, or legitimacy

cuestionable

cuestionable

Ex: The credibility of the witness's testimony was questionable, as it contradicted earlier statements. 

La credibilidad del testimonio del testigo era cuestionable, ya que contradecía declaraciones anteriores.

replacement
replacement
[Sustantivo]

an thing that takes the place of another when it is broken, lost, or no longer available

reemplazo

reemplazo

Ex: The store sent a replacement for the broken vase. 

La tienda envió un reemplazo por el jarrón roto.

breeding
breeding
[Sustantivo]

the process of mating animals, plants, or microorganisms with desirable characteristics to produce offspring with those same traits

cría,  reproducción

cría, reproducción

to scatter
to scatter
[Verbo]

to disperse or break up as a group, with individuals moving away in various directions

dispersar, esparcir

dispersar, esparcir

Ex: The protesters scattered as the police advanced, attempting to avoid confrontation. 

Los manifestantes se dispersaron cuando la policía avanzó, intentando evitar la confrontación.

hectare
hectare
[Sustantivo]

a land measurement unit that equals 10000 square meters or 2471 acres

hectárea

hectárea

Ex: Parks and nature reserves are often measured in hectares to assess their size and conservation impact. 

Los parques y reservas naturales a menudo se miden en hectáreas para evaluar su tamaño e impacto en la conservación.

disturbance
disturbance
[Sustantivo]

an event or situation that interrupts or disrupts the normal state or functioning of something

perturbación, molestia

perturbación, molestia

Ex: The disturbance in the classroom disrupted the lesson. 

La perturbación en el aula interrumpió la lección.

to wreck
to wreck
[Verbo]

to damage or destroy something severely

destrozar

destrozar

Ex: Vandals attempted to wreck the playground equipment in the park. 

Los vándalos intentaron destrozar los equipos del parque infantil en el parque.

stagnant
stagnant
[Adjetivo]

not growing or changing; without force or vitality

estancado, inerte

estancado, inerte

unwelcoming
unwelcoming
[Adjetivo]

not hospitable or inviting, often creating a sense of discomfort or unease

poco acogedor, inhóspito

poco acogedor, inhóspito

Ex: The town seemed unwelcoming to outsiders. 

El pueblo parecía poco acogedor para los forasteros.

to evolve
to evolve
[Verbo]

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

evolucionar, transformarse

evolucionar, transformarse

Ex: Bacteria exposed to antibiotics have evolved through genetic mutations. 

Las bacterias expuestas a los antibióticos han evolucionado a través de mutaciones genéticas.

to regenerate

to grow or be made again

regenerar, regenerarse

regenerar, regenerarse

to hybridize

to breed two different plants or animals to create a new variety or species with mixed traits

hibridar, cruzar

hibridar, cruzar

Ex: They hybridized different apple varieties to improve flavor. 

Hibridaron diferentes variedades de manzanas para mejorar el sabor.

to reestablish

to bring back a lost connection or a former condition

restablecer

restablecer

to thrive
to thrive
[Verbo]

(of an animal, child, or plant) to grow with strength, health, or energy

prosperar

prosperar

Ex: The young lion thrived in the wild, becoming strong and majestic. 

El joven león prosperó en la naturaleza, volviéndose fuerte y majestuoso.

candidate
candidate
[Sustantivo]

a person being considered for a specific position, role, or opportunity

candidato, candidata

candidato, candidata

Ex: He’s a top candidate for the award. 

Es un candidato destacado para el premio.

revival
revival
[Sustantivo]

the act of bringing something back into active use, attention, or importance after a period of decline or obscurity

renacimiento, resurgimiento

renacimiento, resurgimiento

Ex: The company's new marketing strategy resulted in a revival of its brand visibility. 

La nueva estrategia de marketing de la empresa resultó en un resurgimiento de la visibilidad de su marca.

resistance
resistance
[Sustantivo]

the ability of a person, organism or microorganism to withstand or defend against diseases, drugs, toxins, or environmental stress

resistencia

resistencia

Ex: The crop shows strong resistance to drought and pests. 

El cultivo muestra una resistencia fuerte a la sequía y las plagas.

to pinpoint

to precisely locate or identify something or someone

localizar con precisión, identificar con exactitud

localizar con precisión, identificar con exactitud

Ex: Can you please pinpoint the exact time of the incident? 

¿Puedes determinar con precisión la hora exacta del incidente?

tundra
tundra
[Sustantivo]

the expansive flat Arctic regions, of North America, Asia, and Europe, in which no trees grow and the soil is always frozen

tundra

tundra

Ex: During the short summer season, the tundra bursts into life with colorful wildflowers and nesting migratory birds. 

Durante la corta temporada de verano, la tundra cobra vida con coloridas flores silvestres y aves migratorias anidando.

endangered
endangered
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

en peligro de extinción

en peligro de extinción

Ex: The extinction of the black rhinoceros is a tragic result of the species becoming endangered. 

La extinción del rinoceronte negro es un resultado trágico de la especie en peligro de extinción.

range
range
[Sustantivo]

an area in which something acts, operates, or has influence or control

alcance, radio de acción

alcance, radio de acción

Ex: The missile has a range of 300 kilometers. 

El misil tiene un alcance de 300 kilómetros.

adaptation
adaptation
[Sustantivo]

the process by which organisms evolve traits that improve their chances of survival and reproduction in a particular environment

adaptación, aclimatación

adaptación, aclimatación

Ex: Adaptation to drought enables certain plants to thrive in deserts. 

La adaptación a la sequía permite que ciertas plantas prosperen en los desiertos.

to insulate

to protect or shield from cold, heat, sound, or electricity by surrounding with a material that prevents the transfer of energy

aislar, proteger

aislar, proteger

Ex: The electrician advised insulating the wires to prevent heat loss and ensure safety. 

El electricista aconsejó aislar los cables para prevenir la pérdida de calor y garantizar la seguridad.

boreal
boreal
[Adjetivo]

related to regions or climates located in the northern latitudes of the Earth, characterized by cold temperatures and typically dominated by coniferous forests

boreal, nórdico

boreal, nórdico

Ex: Boreal climates experience long, snowy winters and short, cool summers, influencing the types of plants and animals that thrive there. 

Los climas boreales experimentan inviernos largos y nevados y veranos cortos y frescos, influyendo en los tipos de plantas y animales que prosperan allí.

carbon emission
carbon emission
[Sustantivo]

the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, primarily from burning fossil fuels, industrial processes, and etc.

emisión de carbono, liberación de dióxido de carbono

emisión de carbono, liberación de dióxido de carbono

Ex: Transportation is a major source of carbon emissions worldwide. 

El transporte es una fuente importante de emisiones de carbono en todo el mundo.

to knock down

to cause something or someone to fall to the ground

derribar, tumbar

derribar, tumbar

Ex: The man knocked his opponent down with a powerful punch. 

El hombre derribó a su oponente con un poderoso golpe.

to encourage

to make something more likely to exist, happen, or develop

fomentar, alentar

fomentar, alentar

Ex: The government has taken steps to encourage sustainable farming practices. 

El gobierno ha tomado medidas para fomentar prácticas agrícolas sostenibles.

to mitigate

to lessen something's seriousness, severity, or painfulness

mitigar

mitigar

Ex: Timely intervention has mitigated the consequences of the economic downturn. 

La intervención oportuna ha mitigado las consecuencias de la desaceleración económica.

permafrost
permafrost
[Sustantivo]

ground that is permanently frozen

permafrost, suelo permanentemente congelado

permafrost, suelo permanentemente congelado

prospect
prospect
[Sustantivo]

the likelihood or possibility of something becoming successful in the future

posibilidad

posibilidad

Ex: The startup had a promising prospect for becoming a leader in renewable energy. 

La startup tenía un perspectiva prometedora para convertirse en líder en energía renovable.

emerging
emerging
[Adjetivo]

coming into existence

emergente, naciente

emergente, naciente

Ex: New regulations address risks from emerging technologies. 
mass
mass
[Adjetivo]

involving or impacting a large number of things or people collectively

de masas, masivo, colectivo

de masas, masivo, colectivo

Ex: The internet allows for mass distribution of information to global audiences. 
modification
modification
[Sustantivo]

the act of making small changes in something, usually for an enhancement

modificación

modificación

Ex: The software received a modification that fixed several bugs. 

El software recibió una modificación que solucionó varios errores.

moral
moral
[Adjetivo]

concerned with right and wrong behavior

moral

moral

Ex: He faced a moral dilemma when asked to cover up unethical practices. 

Enfrentó un dilema moral cuando le pidieron encubrir prácticas poco éticas.

hazard
hazard
[Sustantivo]

something that poses a risk or danger

peligro, riesgo

peligro, riesgo

Ex: Construction sites often have signs to warn of potential hazards like falling debris. 

Los sitios de construcción a menudo tienen letreros para advertir sobre peligros potenciales como escombros que caen.

calculated
calculated
[Adjetivo]

carefully thought out in advance

calculado, premeditado

calculado, premeditado

measured
measured
[Adjetivo]

carefully thought out in advance

medido, calculado

medido, calculado

Ex: The government adopted a measured approach to the crisis. 
nota bene
nota bene
[Sustantivo]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

nota bene, nótese bien

nota bene, nótese bien

to enable
to enable
[Verbo]

to give someone or something the means or ability to do something

permitir

permitir

Ex: Financial assistance can enable students to pursue higher education. 

La asistencia financiera puede permitir a los estudiantes continuar con la educación superior.

vegetation
vegetation
[Sustantivo]

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

vegetación

vegetación

Ex: In the spring, the hillsides are covered in vibrant green vegetation as wildflowers bloom, creating a picturesque landscape. 

En primavera, las laderas están cubiertas de una vegetación verde vibrante mientras florecen las flores silvestres, creando un paisaje pintoresco.

insufficient
insufficient
[Adjetivo]

not enough in degree or amount

insuficiente

insuficiente

Ex: The committee concluded that the current funding was insufficient for the project's needs. 

El comité concluyó que el financiamiento actual era insuficiente para las necesidades del proyecto.

extinct
extinct
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

extinto

extinto

Ex: The passenger pigeon was once one of the most abundant bird species in North America but became extinct in the early 20th century. 

La paloma migratoria fue una vez una de las especies de aves más abundantes en América del Norte pero se extinguió a principios del siglo XX.

legendary
legendary
[Adjetivo]

very well-known and admired

legendario

legendario

Ex: The chef's legendary culinary skills earned him a Michelin star and international acclaim. 

Las habilidades culinarias legendarias del chef le valieron una estrella Michelin y elogios internacionales.

flock
flock
[Sustantivo]

a group of birds of the same type, flying and feeding together

bandada

bandada

Ex: With a whoosh of feathers, the flock of pigeons took flight, scattering in all directions as a car passed by. 

Con un aleteo de plumas, la bandada de palomas alzó el vuelo, dispersándose en todas las direcciones cuando pasó un coche.

spectacle
spectacle
[Sustantivo]

a thing or person that is striking or impressive to see, often because it is unusual or remarkable

espectáculo, vista

espectáculo, vista

Ex: The grand opening ceremony was a lavish spectacle with fireworks and music. 

La gran ceremonia de apertura fue un espectáculo lujoso con fuegos artificiales y música.

specimen
specimen
[Sustantivo]

a representative or characteristic sample that is examined or analyzed to gain insights or understanding of a particular group or category

espécimen

espécimen

Ex: A blood specimen was taken for testing at the clinic. 

Se tomó una muestra de sangre para realizar pruebas en la clínica.

geneticist
geneticist
[Sustantivo]

a specialist in or student of the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

genetista,  especialista en genética

genetista, especialista en genética

Ex: The geneticist used advanced technology to map the human genome and identify specific genes linked to cancer. 

El genetista utilizó tecnología avanzada para mapear el genoma humano e identificar genes específicos relacionados con el cáncer.

ambitious
ambitious
[Adjetivo]

requiring great effort or full use of one's abilities or resources in order to succeed

ambicioso

ambicioso

Ex: Her ambitious plan to create a sustainable urban garden network required extensive research and community support. 

Su plan ambicioso para crear una red de jardines urbanos sostenibles requería una investigación exhaustiva y el apoyo de la comunidad.

premise
premise
[Sustantivo]

a theory or statement that acts as the foundation of an argument

premisa

premisa

Ex: The film's plot relies on the premise that time travel is possible and can alter past events. 

La trama de la película se basa en la premisa de que el viaje en el tiempo es posible y puede alterar eventos pasados.

cloning
cloning
[Sustantivo]

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

clonación

clonación

Ex: Ethical debates often arise regarding human cloning. 

A menudo surgen debates éticos en torno al clonación humana.

to fertilize

to introduce male reproductive cells into the female reproductive system for reproduction

fertilizar,  fecundar

fertilizar, fecundar

Ex: Scientists have been researching ways to fertilize eggs in a lab setting. 

Los científicos han estado investigando formas de fertilizar huevos en un laboratorio.

embryo
embryo
[Sustantivo]

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

embrión

embrión

Ex: Researchers study embryos to better understand the early stages of human development and congenital disorders. 

Los investigadores estudian los embriones para comprender mejor las primeras etapas del desarrollo humano y los trastornos congénitos.

pioneering
pioneering
[Adjetivo]

characterized by being at the forefront of new developments or leading the way in innovation and exploration

innovador,  pionero

innovador, pionero

cutting-edge
cutting-edge
[Adjetivo]

having the latest and most advanced features or design

de vanguardia, innovador

de vanguardia, innovador

Ex: The cutting-edge virtual reality headset offers immersive gaming experiences and realistic simulations. 

El casco de realidad virtual de vanguardia ofrece experiencias de juego inmersivas y simulaciones realistas.

to strive
to strive
[Verbo]

to try as hard as possible to achieve a goal

esforzarse, luchar

esforzarse, luchar

Ex: Students strive to achieve their career goals through continuous learning. 

Los estudiantes se esfuerzan por alcanzar sus metas profesionales a través del aprendizaje continuo.

carnivore
carnivore
[Sustantivo]

an animal that feeds on the flesh of other animals

carnívoro

carnívoro

Ex: Domestic cats are obligate carnivores, needing meat to thrive. 

Los gatos domésticos son carnívoros obligados, necesitando carne para prosperar.

niche
niche
[Sustantivo]

the specific role or function of an organism or species within an ecosystem

nicho, papel ecológico

nicho, papel ecológico

Ex: The sea otter fills a unique niche in the kelp forest ecosystem by preying on sea urchins, allowing kelp to thrive. 

La nutria marina ocupa un nicho único en el ecosistema del bosque de algas al depredar erizos de mar, lo que permite que las algas prosperen.

to point out

to show or mention something to someone and give them enough information to take notice

mencionar, mostrar

mencionar, mostrar

Ex: As they reviewed the blueprint, the architect pointed out the design changes. 

Mientras revisaban el plano, el arquitecto señaló los cambios de diseño.

debilitating
debilitating
[Adjetivo]

impairing the strength and vitality

debilitante, enervante

debilitante, enervante

facial
facial
[Adjetivo]

relating to the face or its appearance

facial, del rostro

facial, del rostro

Ex: Facial recognition technology is used for security purposes and identification. 

La tecnología de reconocimiento facial se utiliza con fines de seguridad e identificación.

tumor
tumor
[Sustantivo]

an abnormal mass of diseased cells that serves no function in the body and usually causes medical problems

tumor

tumor

to trial
to trial
[Verbo]

to test something in real conditions for a limited time to check if it works well or is effective

probar, ensayar

probar, ensayar

Ex: A new app was trialed in schools to support learning. 

Una nueva aplicación fue probada en las escuelas para apoyar el aprendizaje.

to [beg] the question

to make it necessary to ask a clear question that has not been answered, usually because something important or unclear has been said or done

Ex: The results beg the question of how the data was collected. 
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