Cambridge IELTS 15 - آکادمیک - آزمون 2 - خواندن - بخش 2

a recognizable group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular medical condition

to indicate a potential danger or risk to someone or something

widely known for something negative or unfavorable

(of a disease) transmittable from one person to another through close contact

to appear or happen unexpectedly

to destroy completely, especially by fire

to make someone experience something unpleasant

a period of one thousand years, usually calculated from the year of the birth of Jesus Christ

to change something such as a process, situation, etc. to be the opposite of what it was before

an organization focused on a specific field of study or training, offering programs and services related to science, technology, medicine, business, or the arts

similar in every detail and totally alike

(of a method, idea, or plan) likely to be successful or effective

a model or standard for making comparisons

the act of putting one thing into another

a single thin piece of hair, fiber, thread, wire, or similar material

an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties

having a base

doubtful or uncertain in terms of quality, reliability, or legitimacy

an thing that takes the place of another when it is broken, lost, or no longer available

the controlled reproduction of animals or plants, especially to produce offspring with desired characteristics

to separate and move away in different directions

a land measurement unit that equals 10000 square meters or 2471 acres

something that interrupts, disrupts, or alters the normal condition or functioning of something

to damage or destroy something severely

not growing or changing; without force or vitality

not hospitable or inviting, often creating a sense of discomfort or unease

to change genetically across generations through the process of evolution

to grow or be made again

to breed two different plants or animals to create a new variety or species with mixed traits

to bring back a lost connection or a former condition

(of an animal, child, or plant) to grow with strength, health, or energy

a person being considered for a specific position, role, or opportunity

the process of becoming active, successful, popular, or important again after a period of decline

the ability of a person, organism or microorganism to withstand or defend against diseases, drugs, toxins, or environmental stress

to precisely locate or identify something or someone

the expansive flat Arctic regions, of North America, Asia, and Europe, in which no trees grow and the soil is always frozen

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

an area in which something acts, operates, or has influence or control

the process by which organisms evolve traits that improve their chances of survival and reproduction in a particular environment

to protect or shield from cold, heat, sound, or electricity by surrounding with a material that prevents the transfer of energy

related to regions or climates located in the northern latitudes of the Earth, characterized by cold temperatures and typically dominated by coniferous forests

the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, primarily from burning fossil fuels, industrial processes, and etc.

to cause something or someone to fall to the ground

to make something more likely to exist, happen, or develop

to lessen something's seriousness, severity, or painfulness

ground that is permanently frozen

the likelihood or possibility of something becoming successful in the future

beginning to exist or take recognizable form

involving or impacting a large number of things or people collectively

the act or process of changing something, usually slightly

concerned with right and wrong behavior

something that may cause harm, damage, or danger

carefully thought out in advance

carefully considered and deliberately controlled

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

to give someone or something the means or ability to do something

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

not enough in degree or amount

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

very well-known and admired

a group of birds that live, feed, or move together

a thing or person that is striking or impressive to see, often because it is unusual or remarkable

an individual example or sample of something, especially one examined or studied as representative of its type

a specialist in or student of the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

requiring great effort or full use of one's abilities or resources in order to succeed

a theory or statement that acts as the foundation of an argument

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

to introduce male reproductive cells into the female reproductive system for reproduction

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

characterized by being at the forefront of new developments or leading the way in innovation and exploration

having the latest and most advanced features or design

to try as hard as possible to achieve a goal

an animal that feeds on the flesh of other animals

the specific role or function of an organism or species within an ecosystem

to show or mention something to someone and give them enough information to take notice

impairing the strength and vitality

relating to the face or its appearance

an abnormal mass of cells or tissue that develops in the body and may be benign or malignant

to test something in real conditions for a limited time to check if it works well or is effective

to make it necessary to ask a clear question that has not been answered, usually because something important or unclear has been said or done