Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL - Politics
Here you will learn some English words about politics, such as "electoral", "coalition", "bilateral", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.
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electoral college
[noun]
(in the US) a group of people who represent American citizens in all of the states and who formally cast votes to elect the president and vice president
constituency
[noun]
a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position
absentee ballot
[noun]
a ballot filled out and mailed in advance of an election by a voter who is not able to attend the polls
activism
[noun]
the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives
coalition
[noun]
an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections
referendum
[noun]
the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question
autonomy
[noun]
(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control
autonomous
[adjective]
(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself
capitalism
[noun]
an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government
liberalism
[noun]
the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade
colonialism
[noun]
the practice of gaining total or partial political control over another country, exploiting its resources, and occupying it with settlers
isolationism
[noun]
the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs
populism
[noun]
a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support
fascism
[noun]
an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition
oligarchy
[noun]
a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization
feudalism
[noun]
a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him
idealism
[noun]
the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement
demagogue
[noun]
a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support
confederation
[noun]
an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another
federation
[noun]
the union of organizations, regions, countries, etc. to form a larger organization or government
fanatic
[noun]
an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause
nationalism
[noun]
a strong feeling of love and pride for one's country, often associated with thinking that country is also superior to any other
federalism
[noun]
a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state
imperialism
[noun]
a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them
to lobby
[verb]
to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed
nonpartisan
[adjective]
being politically neutral, unbiased, and not supporting any particular party
rally
[noun]
a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party
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