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Advanced Vocabulary for TOEFL - Politics

Here you will learn some English words about politics, such as "electoral", "coalition", "bilateral", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
candidacy

the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election

[noun]
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electoral

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

[Adjective]
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parliamentary

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

[Adjective]
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congressional

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

[Adjective]
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electoral college

(in the US) a group of people who represent American citizens in all of the states and who formally cast votes to elect the president and vice president

[noun]
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constituency

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

[noun]
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absentee ballot

a ballot filled out and mailed in advance of an election by a voter who is not able to attend the polls

[noun]
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chancellor

the head of state in some countries, like Germany

[noun]
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activism

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

[noun]
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coalition

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

[noun]
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referendum

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

[noun]
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inauguration

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

[noun]
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bilateral

concerning two groups or countries

[Adjective]
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capitol

a building in Washington DC where the Congress assembles

[noun]
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apolitical

having no interest or involvement in politics

[Adjective]
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autonomy

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

[noun]
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autonomous

(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself

[Adjective]
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secularism

the doctrine that separates the state from religious associations

[noun]
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capitalism

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

[noun]
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liberalism

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

[noun]
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colonialism

the practice of gaining total or partial political control over another country, exploiting its resources, and occupying it with settlers

[noun]
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isolationism

the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs

[noun]
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populism

a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support

[noun]
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fascism

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

[noun]
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oligarchy

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

[noun]
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feudalism

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

[noun]
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idealism

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

[noun]
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demagogue

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

[noun]
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confederation

an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another

[noun]
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federation

the union of organizations, regions, countries, etc. to form a larger organization or government

[noun]
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fanatic

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

[noun]
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nationalism

a strong feeling of love and pride for one's country, often associated with thinking that country is also superior to any other

[noun]
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federalism

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

[noun]
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imperialism

a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them

[noun]
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to lobby

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

[Verb]
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nonpartisan

being politically neutral, unbiased, and not supporting any particular party

[Adjective]
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rally

a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party

[noun]
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utopia

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

[noun]
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