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Humanidades ACT - Kasaysayan at Arkeolohiya

Matutunan ang bokabularyo ng ACT humanities para sa kasaysayan at arkeolohiya, kabilang ang mga makasaysayang panahon, sibilisasyon, artifact, pagtuklas, ebidensya, at pag-aaral ng mga nakaraang lipunan.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
Renaissance
Renaissance
[Pangngalan]

the period between the 14th and 16th centuries in Europe, marked by a rise of interest in Greek and Roman cultures, which is dominant in the art, philosophy, etc. of the times

Renaissance

Renaissance

Ex: The Renaissance period is known for its remarkable achievements in art, science, and literature. 
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia
[Pangngalan]

an ancient region located in the eastern Mediterranean, primarily within modern-day Iraq, and parts of Iran, Syria, and Turkey

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia

Ex: Archaeologists have discovered numerous artifacts from Mesopotamia that shed light on the region's rich history. 

Natuklasan ng mga arkeologo ang maraming artifact mula sa Mesopotamia na nagbibigay-liwanag sa mayamang kasaysayan ng rehiyon.

clay tablet
clay tablet
[Pangngalan]

a small, flat piece of clay that has been molded and hardened, typically used as a medium for writing or inscribing information in ancient civilizations

tableta ng luwad, malapad na piraso ng luwad

tableta ng luwad, malapad na piraso ng luwad

Ex: In ancient Mesopotamia, clay tablets were used for recording administrative documents such as inventories, contracts, and receipts. 

Sa sinaunang Mesopotamia, ang mga tabletang luwad ay ginamit para sa pagtatala ng mga dokumentong administratibo tulad ng imbentaryo, kontrata, at resibo.

scribe
scribe
[Pangngalan]

a person who writes copies of documents by hand

eskriba, tagakopya

eskriba, tagakopya

Ex: Before the invention of the printing press, scribes played a crucial role in the dissemination of knowledge by copying books by hand. 

Bago ang imbensyon ng printing press, ang mga eskriba ay may mahalagang papel sa pagpapalaganap ng kaalaman sa pamamagitan ng pagkopya ng mga libro nang mano-mano.

to predate
to predate
[Pandiwa]

to exist or occur at an earlier time than something else

nauna, umiiral nang mas maaga

nauna, umiiral nang mas maaga

Ex: Fossils of dinosaurs predate modern humans by millions of years. 

Ang mga fossil ng dinosaur ay nauna sa modernong tao ng milyun-milyong taon.

ancestral
ancestral
[pang-uri]

related to or inherited from one's ancestors

ninuno, mana

ninuno, mana

Ex: She felt a deep connection to her ancestral homeland. 

Nakaramdam siya ng malalim na koneksyon sa kanyang ninunong lupang tinubuan.

contemporary
contemporary
[pang-uri]

belonging to the current era

kontemporaryo, kasalukuyan

kontemporaryo, kasalukuyan

Ex: We studied the contemporary political landscape to understand today's issues. 
catacomb
catacomb
[Pangngalan]

an underground burial place with tunnels and chambers for tombs or graves

katakumba

katakumba

Ex: The catacombs beneath the city were used for centuries as burial sites. 

Ang mga catacomb sa ilalim ng lungsod ay ginamit sa loob ng mga siglo bilang libingan.

hieroglyph
hieroglyph
[Pangngalan]

a system of writing used in ancient Egypt, consisting of pictorial symbols or characters that represent objects, ideas, or sounds, and were commonly used for inscriptions on temple walls, tombs, and other monumental structures

hiyeroflip, sagisag hiyeroflip

hiyeroflip, sagisag hiyeroflip

genealogy
genealogy
[Pangngalan]

the study of family lineages and the history of descent

henalohiya

henalohiya

Ex: The study of genealogy provides a way to explore one's roots and understand the cultural and historical context in which our ancestors lived. 

Ang pag-aaral ng genealogy ay nagbibigay ng paraan upang galugarin ang mga ugat ng isang tao at maunawaan ang kultural at makasaysayang konteksto kung saan nabuhay ang ating mga ninuno.

antiquity
antiquity
[Pangngalan]

the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous

ang sinaunang panahon, ang panahon ng antiquity

ang sinaunang panahon, ang panahon ng antiquity

Ex: Antiquity refers to the period in history before the Middle Ages, encompassing the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome. 

Ang Antiquity ay tumutukoy sa panahon sa kasaysayan bago ang Middle Ages, na sumasaklaw sa mga sibilisasyon ng sinaunang Greece at Rome.

epoch
epoch
[Pangngalan]

a period of time in history or someone's life, during which significant events happen

panahon, epoka

panahon, epoka

Ex: The Renaissance was an epoch of great cultural and artistic achievements in Europe. 

Ang Renaissance ay isang panahon ng malalaking tagumpay sa kultura at sining sa Europa.

ancient
ancient
[pang-uri]

related or belonging to a period of history that is long gone

sinauna, matanda

sinauna, matanda

Ex: The museum housed artifacts from ancient Egypt, including pottery and jewelry. 
monument
monument
[Pangngalan]

an old building, structure, or site preserved or valued for its historical importance

Ex: The castle is one of the region's most important historical monuments. 
relic
relic
[Pangngalan]

an object or part of an object surviving from the past, typically with historical or emotional value, often linked to a person, event, or era

relihiyon, labi

relihiyon, labi

Ex: The museum displayed a relic from the Bronze Age, drawing historians from all over the country. 

Ang museo ay nagtanghal ng isang relihiyon mula sa Panahon ng Bronze, na nakakaakit ng mga istoryador mula sa buong bansa.

to mummify
to mummify
[Pandiwa]

to preserve a dead body by treating it with chemicals or natural substances to prevent decay

mumipikasyon, embalsamo

mumipikasyon, embalsamo

Ex: The ancient Egyptians mummified their pharaohs to prepare them for the afterlife. 

Ang mga sinaunang Egyptian ay nagmumumog sa kanilang mga pharaoh upang ihanda sila para sa kabilang buhay.

pre-industrial
pre-industrial
[pang-uri]

relating to the period of time before the widespread adoption of industrial processes and technologies

pre-industriyal, bago ang panahon ng industriyalisasyon

pre-industriyal, bago ang panahon ng industriyalisasyon

Ex: Life expectancy was generally shorter in pre-industrial societies due to limited access to healthcare and sanitation. 

Ang life expectancy ay karaniwang mas maikli sa mga lipunang pre-industrial dahil sa limitadong access sa healthcare at sanitation.

provenance
provenance
[Pangngalan]

the origin or source of a particular thing

pinagmulan, pinanggalingan

pinagmulan, pinanggalingan

Ex: The provenance of the painting was traced back to the 18th century. 

Ang pinagmulan ng painting ay nasubaybay pabalik sa ika-18 siglo.

archeologist
archeologist
[Pangngalan]

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

arkeologo

arkeologo

radiocarbon dating
radiocarbon dating
[Pangngalan]

a method used by scientists to determine the age of organic materials by measuring the amount of carbon-14 they contain

petsa ng radiocarbon, petsa ng carbon-14

petsa ng radiocarbon, petsa ng carbon-14

Ex: Scientists use radiocarbon dating to estimate the age of ancient artifacts and fossils. 

Ginagamit ng mga siyentipiko ang radiocarbon dating upang matantya ang edad ng mga sinaunang artifact at fossil.

paleolithic
paleolithic
[Pangngalan]

a prehistoric period characterized by the development of the first stone tools, spanning from about 2.5 million years ago to around 10,000 years ago

paleolitiko, panahon ng lumang bato

paleolitiko, panahon ng lumang bato

Ex: The discovery of a Paleolithic campsite offered valuable insights into the daily lives of early humans. 

Ang pagkakatuklas ng isang Paleolithic na kampo ay nagbigay ng mahalagang pananaw sa pang-araw-araw na buhay ng mga sinaunang tao.

prehistoric
prehistoric
[pang-uri]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

prehistoriko, panahon bago ang kasaysayan

prehistoriko, panahon bago ang kasaysayan

Ex: Archaeologists discovered prehistoric artifacts in the cave. 

Natuklasan ng mga arkeologo ang mga artifact na prehistoriko sa kuweba.

to excavate
to excavate
[Pandiwa]

to uncover or expose by digging, especially to reveal buried artifacts, structures, or remains

maghukay, maghukay ng mga artifact

maghukay, maghukay ng mga artifact

Ex: Miners excavated a coal seam, removing layers of earth to extract the valuable resource. 

Ang mga minero ay naghukay ng isang seam ng karbon, inaalis ang mga layer ng lupa upang kunin ang mahalagang resource.

artifact
artifact
[Pangngalan]

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

artipakto, bagay na gawa ng tao

artipakto, bagay na gawa ng tao

Ex: Artifacts of early tool-making like stone knives and projectile points show the ingenuity and resourcefulness of Paleolithic humans. 

Ang mga artipakto ng maagang paggawa ng kasangkapan tulad ng mga kutsilyong bato at mga punto ng projectile ay nagpapakita ng katalinuhan at kakayahan ng mga tao noong Panahon ng Paleolitiko.

preservationist
preservationist
[Pangngalan]

a person who advocates or works to protect and maintain natural, historical, or cultural resources from decay, destruction, or neglect

tagapagtaguyod ng pangangalaga, konserbador

tagapagtaguyod ng pangangalaga, konserbador

Ex: Preservationists successfully lobbied for the conservation of the endangered species' habitat. 

Ang mga preservationist ay matagumpay na nag-lobby para sa konserbasyon ng tirahan ng mga nanganganib na species.

paleontologist
paleontologist
[Pangngalan]

a scientist who studies fossils and ancient life forms to understand the history of life on earth

paleontologo

paleontologo

Ex: The paleontologist discovered a new dinosaur species in the fossil-rich region. 

Ang paleontologo ay nakadiskubre ng isang bagong species ng dinosaur sa rehiyon na sagana sa fossil.

cryptographer
cryptographer
[Pangngalan]

a specialist who studies and develops systems for secure communication and information protection

kriptograpo, dalubhasa sa pag-encrypt

kriptograpo, dalubhasa sa pag-encrypt

Ex: The cryptographer devised a new encryption algorithm to enhance data security. 

Ang cryptographer ay nakaisip ng bagong encryption algorithm upang mapahusay ang seguridad ng data.

paleobiologist
paleobiologist
[Pangngalan]

a scientist who studies ancient life forms, their evolution, behaviors, habitats, and interactions with the environment through the analysis of fossils and other remnants of past life

paleobiyologo, siyentipiko na nag-aaral ng sinaunang anyo ng buhay

paleobiyologo, siyentipiko na nag-aaral ng sinaunang anyo ng buhay

Ex: The paleobiologist's research revealed new insights into the dietary preferences of extinct dinosaurs. 

Ang pananaliksik ng paleobiologist ay nagbunyag ng mga bagong pananaw sa mga kagustuhan sa pagkain ng mga patay na dinosaur.

medievalist
medievalist
[Pangngalan]

a scholar or researcher who specializes in the study of the Middle Ages

medyebalista, dalubhasa sa Panahong Medyebal

medyebalista, dalubhasa sa Panahong Medyebal

Ex: The renowned medievalist published a groundbreaking study on medieval manuscript illumination. 

Ang kilalang medievalist ay naglathala ng isang groundbreaking na pag-aaral sa medieval manuscript illumination.

alchemy
alchemy
[Pangngalan]

the ancient practice of trying to turn common metals into gold

alkimiya

alkimiya

Ex: Ancient manuscripts reveal that many believed alchemy held the secret to immortality. 

Ipinakikita ng mga sinaunang manuskrito na marami ang naniniwala na ang alkimiya ang nagtataglay ng lihim ng imortalidad.

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