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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS (Akademiko) - Biyolohiya

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa biyolohiya, tulad ng "cycle", "gene", "fertile", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit sa IELTS.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Words for Academic IELTS
biology
biology
[Pangngalan]

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

biyolohiya, agham ng buhay

biyolohiya, agham ng buhay

Ex: She developed a keen interest in biology and decided to pursue a career in medicine. 

Nagkaroon siya ng matinding interes sa biolohiya at nagpasya na ituloy ang isang karera sa medisina.

biologist
biologist
[Pangngalan]

a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms

biyologo

biyologo

Ex: The biologist spent years researching the behavior of dolphins in the wild to better understand their social structures. 
cycle
cycle
[Pangngalan]

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

siklo, panahon

siklo, panahon

Ex: The water cycle describes how water moves through the environment in different forms. 

Ang siklo ng tubig ay naglalarawan kung paano gumagalaw ang tubig sa kapaligiran sa iba't ibang anyo.

to divide
to divide
[Pandiwa]

to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.

hatiin, ibahin

hatiin, ibahin

Ex: The teacher divides the class into small groups for a collaborative project. 

Ang guro ay naghahati sa klase sa maliliit na grupo para sa isang collaborative project.

bacteria
bacteria
[Pangngalan]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

bakterya

bakterya

Ex: Bacteria play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter in the ecosystem. 

Ang bakterya ay may mahalagang papel sa pagkasira ng organic matter sa ecosystem.

cell
cell
[Pangngalan]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

selula

selula

Ex: The discovery of cells and the development of cell theory by scientists such as Robert Hooke and Theodor Schwann revolutionized our understanding of living organisms. 

Ang pagtuklas sa mga selula at ang pag-unlad ng teorya ng selula ng mga siyentipiko tulad nina Robert Hooke at Theodor Schwann ay nagrebolusyon sa ating pag-unawa sa mga buhay na organismo.

DNA
DNA
[Pangngalan]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

Ex: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, contains the genetic instructions for living organisms. 

Ang DNA, o deoxyribonucleic acid, ay naglalaman ng mga genetic na tagubilin para sa mga nabubuhay na organismo.

biological
biological
[pang-uri]

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

biolohikal

biolohikal

Ex: Biological research investigates the genetic makeup of different species. 
evolution
evolution
[Pangngalan]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

ebolusyon

ebolusyon

Ex: Evolution is the process by which species change over time in response to environmental pressures. 

Ang ebolusyon ay ang proseso kung saan nagbabago ang mga species sa paglipas ng panahon bilang tugon sa mga pressure ng kapaligiran.

to evolve
to evolve
[Pandiwa]

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

umunlad, magbago

umunlad, magbago

Ex: Over millions of years, horses have evolved from small, multi-toed ancestors to the single-toed, large-bodied animals we see today. 

Sa loob ng milyun-milyong taon, ang mga kabayo ay nagbago mula sa maliliit, maraming daliri na ninuno hanggang sa malalaking hayop na may iisang daliri na nakikita natin ngayon.

genetic
genetic
[pang-uri]

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

henetiko

henetiko

gene
gene
[Pangngalan]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

hen, yunit ng pagmamana

hen, yunit ng pagmamana

Ex: The gene responsible for eye color is inherited from both parents. 

Ang gene na responsable sa kulay ng mata ay minana mula sa parehong magulang.

genetics
genetics
[Pangngalan]

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

henetika

henetika

Ex: Understanding genetics helps scientists explore how diseases are passed through families. 

Ang pag-unawa sa genetics ay tumutulong sa mga siyentipiko na galugarin kung paano ipinapasa ang mga sakit sa mga pamilya.

germ
germ
[Pangngalan]

a small living organism that causes disease or infection

mikrobyo, bakterya

mikrobyo, bakterya

Ex: Make sure you wash your hands after riding the subway to get rid of any germs. 
nerve
nerve
[Pangngalan]

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

nerbiyos, hibla ng nerbiyos

nerbiyos, hibla ng nerbiyos

Ex: The sciatic nerve runs from the lower spine all the way down each leg. 
organism
organism
[Pangngalan]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

organismo, bagay na may buhay

organismo, bagay na may buhay

Ex: The pond ecosystem is home to a variety of organisms, including fish, algae, and bacteria. 

Ang ecosystem ng pond ay tahanan ng iba't ibang organismo, kabilang ang mga isda, algae, at bacteria.

species
species
[Pangngalan]

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

uri, mga uri

uri, mga uri

Ex: The Galapagos finches are a classic example of how different species can evolve from a common ancestor. 

Ang Galapagos finches ay isang klasikong halimbawa kung paano ang iba't ibang species ay maaaring umunlad mula sa isang karaniwang ninuno.

fertile
fertile
[pang-uri]

(of an animal, person, or plant) able to produce offspring, fruit, or seed

mayabong

mayabong

Ex: The fertile land near the river produces abundant harvests each year. 

Ang mayabong na lupa malapit sa ilog ay nagbubunga ng masaganang ani bawat taon.

mutation
mutation
[Pangngalan]

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

mutasyon, pagbabago sa genetiko

mutasyon, pagbabago sa genetiko

Ex: Scientists are studying the mutation responsible for giving certain plants drought resistance. 

Pinag-aaralan ng mga siyentipiko ang mutation na responsable sa pagbibigay ng drought resistance sa ilang mga halaman.

organic
organic
[pang-uri]

relating to a carbon-based compound that has a biological origin

organiko, biolohikal

organiko, biolohikal

Ex: Organic chemistry focuses on the study of carbon-containing compounds and their reactions. 

Ang kimikang organiko ay nakatuon sa pag-aaral ng mga compound na naglalaman ng carbon at kanilang mga reaksyon.

metabolism
metabolism
[Pangngalan]

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

metabolismo, prosesong metaboliko

metabolismo, prosesong metaboliko

Ex: Metabolism involves various biochemical reactions that convert nutrients from food into energy. 

Ang metabolismo ay may kinalaman sa iba't ibang biochemical reactions na nagko-convert ng nutrients mula sa pagkain patungo sa enerhiya.

to reproduce
to reproduce
[Pandiwa]

(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

magparami, mag-anak

magparami, mag-anak

Ex: Animals reproduce by giving birth to or laying eggs that hatch into offspring. 

Ang mga hayop ay nagpaparami sa pamamagitan ng panganganak o paglalagay ng mga itlog na pumipisa sa mga supling.

parasite
parasite
[Pangngalan]

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

parasito, organismong parasito

parasito, organismong parasito

Ex: The mosquito is a well-known parasite that feeds on the blood of its host, often transmitting diseases in the process. 

Ang lamok ay isang kilalang parasite na kumakain ng dugo ng kanyang host, kadalasang nagkakalat ng mga sakit sa proseso.

tissue
tissue
[Pangngalan]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tisyu, tisyu ng selula

tisyu, tisyu ng selula

Ex: Muscle tissue enables movement and supports the body's structure. 

Ang tisyu ng kalamnan ay nagbibigay-daan sa paggalaw at sumusuporta sa istruktura ng katawan.

antibody
antibody
[Pangngalan]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

antibody, immunoglobulin

antibody, immunoglobulin

Ex: Antibodies stop harmful germs and tag them for immune cells to destroy. 

Ang antibody ay humihinto sa mga nakakapinsalang mikrobyo at minamarkahan ang mga ito para sirain ng mga immune cell.

dominant
dominant
[pang-uri]

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

nangingibabaw, dominante

nangingibabaw, dominante

Ex: The gene for brown eyes is dominant over the gene for blue eyes. 

Ang gene para sa brown eyes ay nangingibabaw sa gene para sa blue eyes.

genetic engineering

the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

henetika inhinyeriya, manipulasyon ng gene

henetika inhinyeriya, manipulasyon ng gene

Ex: Genetic engineering has enabled scientists to create crops that are resistant to pests and diseases, improving agricultural yields. 

Ang genetic engineering ay nagbigay-daan sa mga siyentipiko na lumikha ng mga pananim na lumalaban sa mga peste at sakit, pagpapabuti ng mga ani sa agrikultura.

male
male
[pang-uri]

belonging to the sex that cannot give birth to babies or lay eggs but is capable of fertilization of the opposite sex

lalaki

lalaki

Ex: The male elephant's tusks and larger size were indicative of his maturity and dominance within the herd. 

Ang mga pangil at mas malaking sukat ng elepanteng lalaki ay nagpapahiwatig ng kanyang kapanahunan at dominasyon sa loob ng kawan.

female
female
[pang-uri]

belonging to the sex that is fertilized by the opposite sex and can lay eggs or give birth to babies

babaeng, pambabae

babaeng, pambabae

Ex: The female bird incubates the eggs while the male gathers food for their young. 

Ang babaeng ibon ay nag-iincubate ng mga itlog habang ang lalaki ay nangongolekta ng pagkain para sa kanilang mga anak.

RNA
RNA
[Pangngalan]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA, ribonucleic acid

RNA, ribonucleic acid

Ex: RNA transcribes genetic information from DNA to guide protein production. 

Ang RNA ay nagsasalin ng genetic na impormasyon mula sa DNA upang gabayan ang produksyon ng protina.

virus
virus
[Pangngalan]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

virus

virus

Ex: A virus entered his body and made him sick. 

Isang virus ang pumasok sa kanyang katawan at nagpasa kanya.

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